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Unit 1: Foundations Of American Government Project Part 1

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The Boston Tea Party and Underlying Causes

It was 1773 when more than 5000 people gathered in Boston's largest building "Old South Meeting House". Samuel Adams, who was one of the Sons of Liberty organized the Boston Tea Party. American colonials felt that they had to pay taxes to cover the expenses of the Indian and French wars by Britain. There is not a single cause for the Boston Tea Party but a chain of causes. The main reason for the Boston Tea Party was tax payment without the representation of the American Colonials. When compared to views of John Locke’s on the rights of people, the Tea Act is against the rights of people while Thomas Hobbes has opposite views on rights of individuals.

Patriotic colonials to avoid taxes, they stopped drinking tea which was imported from England. Instead, they started using tea was imported from Holland by smuggling because of lower prices and sale of tea to colonies via East Company was not allowed. In December 1773, an American Colonist, having no representation and a tax payer was mad at Britain. He dumped the tea at Griffins Wharf which weighted equivalent to weight 3,600 gold bars. This incident was named as the Boston Tea Party.

Americans believed that Britain was charging them taxes unfairly and Americans were no longer able to buy untaxed tea which was smuggled from England. The Tea Act was passed in 1773 for American colonials by the British government to give monopoly to East India Company which was to bankrupt soon. To entertain the demands of colonials, Britain canceled some of the taxes expect the taxes on tea. This resulted in a boycott of tea sale to East India Company and smuggled tea to the Dutch. Smuggling tea to the Dutch resulted in the EIC losing millions of pounds and consequently, face major bankruptcy.

“It is the natural right that every citizen can live their life, they have the right to property and they have right of freedom” John Locke. These rights cannot be taken from individuals until and unless they agree with their government. The tea act was an imposition of taxes without giving people their representation which is their right. John Adams was influenced by the idea of John Locke. He had great respect for the right to private life and he also supported the Boston Tea Party by considering it as necessary and justified ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"VfJeoHy2","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Nehls)","plainCitation":"(Nehls)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":221,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/NAR8CIYZ"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/NAR8CIYZ"],"itemData":{"id":221,"type":"article-journal","title":"The Destruction of Property and the Radical Nature of the Boston Tea Party","page":"33","source":"Zotero","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Nehls","given":"Holly K"}]}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Nehls 33). Thomas Hobbes believed that for security and protection people dedicate their rights to the government. Thomas Hobbes, on the other hand, supported the rule by kings and was not in favor of John Locke’s views on the natural rights of an individual. This thinking defeated the thoughts on democracy and freedom of individuals ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"0G1EVgCk","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Volo)","plainCitation":"(Volo)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":225,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/D68SMTDR"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/D68SMTDR"],"itemData":{"id":225,"type":"book","title":"The Boston Tea Party: The Foundations of Revolution: The Foundations of Revolution","publisher":"ABC-CLIO","number-of-pages":"286","source":"Google Books","abstract":"The Boston Tea Party has been a source of inspiration to the millions of Americans who currently identify with today's Tea Party Patriots.This fascinating book offers insights into how this historical event prompted the creation of a democratic republic and discusses the resulting influence on modern political views.The Boston Tea Party: The Foundations of Revolution presents the chronology of events that led to America's first political insurgency. The author provides an in-depth analysis of the early grassroots movement of the 18th century to the current Tea Party Patriots, separating the facts from the propaganda, and the politics from the policies. The book includes original excerpts from the pre-revolutionary period, along with helpful maps and contemporary illustrations to lend context to the events.","ISBN":"978-0-313-39875-9","note":"Google-Books-ID: 403f4VrQwvYC","shortTitle":"The Boston Tea Party","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Volo","given":"James M."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2012",7,19]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Volo 134).

Tea Act was against individual rights because it was not in support of giving any representation to the people of Americans and Britain was imposing taxes to save East India Company from bankruptcy and it was creating a monopoly of EIC. Social contract theory was in support of the individual's rights and was a reason to act against their governments for not performing their duties. Britain violated the rights of Americans and they were kept as slaves in their own country, but Americans rebelled because of events like the Stamp Act and Boston Tea Party.

Works Cited

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Nehls, Holly K. The Destruction of Property and the Radical Nature of the Boston Tea Party. p. 33.

Volo, James M. The Boston Tea Party: The Foundations of Revolution: The Foundations of Revolution. ABC-CLIO, 2012.

Subject: English

Pages: 2 Words: 600

Unit 2: Chivalry Unit Project

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Chivalry unit project

Chivalry is an act of kindness, which makes a person great, and society a better place. Although in the current world people have become more self-centered but still it is existing. I believe there are people who are performing chivalrous actions more often because they believe in helping others. I myself like to perform chivalrous acts because it leads to the inner satisfaction and peace. In a world full of tensions I think that the best way of attaining real contentment is by engaging in chivalrous acts. These actions have dual benefits because it makes the beneficiary and the benefactor better off. This could also end the problems of the world and promote the themes of kindness and humanity CITATION Jam87 \l 1033 (Gillespie). Chivalrous acts are linked to the great King Arthur who respected women and gave them the place they deserved. I think these could be hundreds of chivalrous actions which people can perform for making this world a better place to live in.

I have always taken the opportunity to engage in chivalrous things in different settings because they bring happiness and joy. When I was 18 years old and studying at a college I met a boy who was drug addict. The guy was undergoing depression and complained about his miserable life. I decided to help him because it was really upsetting for me to see a young guy in this state. After talking to him I realized that he is suffering from depression and needs help. I suggested him to visit the psychologist but he refused. Therefore, I decided to help him by counseling and making him self-sufficient in dealing with his stress. When I talked to him I learned that he was hurt because no one listened to him and he had been neglected in his childhood. The first chivalrous thing I did was ‘To Listen’. Listening is a good trait which a gentleman must possess and it does not mean to stay quite CITATION Ren07 \l 1033 (Moelker and Kümmel). It indicates that a person must be able to generate good response and participate in the discussion when others are talking.

After analyzing the situation I realized that the best thing which I could do was to listen to the boy. I made him speak every day about his feelings, day and his problems. I not only listened but also remained part of our discussions, which after a week made him feel better. He told me that he had reduced his drug consumption and also feel less anxious. By repeating this practice for a month I was able to encourage him to participate in social activities for his improvement. It was again through listening that I made him realize his current state and how it was ruining his future. By listening I learned the art of understanding his reactions CITATION Ste153 \l 1033 (Carlson). Listening is a chivalrous thing for a person who is searching for opportunity to speak and share his emotions.

Once I was returning from a trip and I found a seat next to a girl. During the journey we talked about different things and exchanged our experiences of trip. It was a four hours drive to our hometown and we were extremely tired after completing two hours. The bus stopped and asked the passengers to be back after 15 minutes. I was hungry at that time and asked the girl if she is hungry too? She said yes I am hungry. We went to the nearby restaurants and ordered the food and coffee. The girl was confused but didn’t say anything. I really enjoyed that meal and the coffee. When the waiter brought the bill the girl was nervous and I saw that her wallet was missing. I realized that she had no money. I took the money from my wallet and paid the bill. Instead of making her realize that I know what was going on, I just told her that a guy must always pay. Listening to this she laughed and relaxed. I believe this chivalrous thing allowed me to help the girl at the time when she could have felt bad and embarrassed.

Another chivalrous act which I remember was performed during my visit to the cinema. I was really tired and wanted to go home. When the movie ended a 5-6 years old boy came to me crying and asking for his parents. He was really sad and feared that he might has lost them. I took him by hand and told him not to worry I will take him to his parents they are just in the parking. I managed to comfort the child and looked around for finding his parents. I couldn’t see any couple or parent who was searching a child. I went to the receptionist and told to make an announcement about the lost child. She made an announcement on the speaker. After five minutes a couple came and told us that they were looking for their child. This chivalry thing allowed me to help the child meet his parents.

I believe everyone of us encounter different situations in life where we could perform chivalrous acts. These acts are crucial for promoting kindness and prosperity in the society. Any chivalrous act, which I perform, makes me feel good and leads to immense happiness.

Work Cited

BIBLIOGRAPHY Shatz, Steven F. and Naomi R. Shatz. "Chivalry Is Not Dead: Murder, Gender, and the Death Penalty∗." Benerley Journal (2012).

Carlson, Stephanie L. "Conflicting Perspectives: Chivalry in TwelfthCentury Historiography." Constructing the Past: 6.1 (2015).

Gillespie, James L. "Richard II's knights: chivalry and patronage ." Journal of Medieval History 13.2 (1987).

Moelker, René and Gerhard Kümmel. "Chivalry and Codes of Conduct: Can the Virtue of Chivalry Epitomize Guidelines for Interpersonal Conduct? ." Journal of Military Ethics 6.4 (2007).

Subject: English

Pages: 3 Words: 900

Arguing For Causes Or Effects

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The #metoo movement

Causes and likely effects

The most popular movement against sexual harassment and sexual assault nowadays is the “Me Too” movement. This movement basically gained traction after it went viral on different social media platforms in October 2017 in the form of hashtag. It was basically supposed to spread awareness about the prevalence of sexual assault and sexual harassment especially harassment faced in the workplace. It also resulted in allegation of sexual harassment and assault against some big names like Harvey Weinstein. The hashtag #metoo became viral after actress Alyssa Milano, motivated the victims to speak about the harassment they faced and let the world realize the prevalence of the issue. The purpose was to empathize with the victims and empower them. This was encouraged by many actors and celebrities in their social media posts, Gwyneth Paltrow and Ashley Judd to name two.

There was huge following on the social media of the hashtag #metoo and several people in the film and fashion industry came up with stories or experiences that involved sexual harassment. The hashtag was tweeted more than 200,000 times in a single day and on Facebook the tag was used more than 4.7 million times. In November 2017 that led to the #churchtoo hashtag that highlighted the harassment and assault in churches. And many women associated with churches came forward to amend the dealings of the harassment cases in churches

This resulted in changes being made in many organizations that include the amendments in harassment policies and also the wage gap between the two genders. The movement also led to the identification of the black sheep in many arenas including academics, financial industry and politics as well and led to the presentation of the bill in the us congress that emphasized on the flaws of the system dealing with sexual harassment complaints and required that it would take 180 days for a complaint to be filed which took months earlier. Several other domains like medicine, music industry, sports, military and even pornography and astronomy.

The movement has led to increased concern of the general public about sex education and now children are being taught more about consent and the right to say no and to report any undesired behavior. It calls out for the accountability of the perpetrators and safe work environment for all.

This movement for me is important as it has been researched time and again that the cases of sexual harassment and assault go unreported most of the time. In America, 25–85% of women say that they face harassment at some point or other. There is severe underreporting in schools as eighty percent of them won’t never report any case of assault. In japan, merely 4% of the rape cases are reported and the accountability of the accused is even rarer. There have been claims that women are now using the metoo movement to defame others or for their personal gains, but it should be noted here false accusations only account for 2-10% of the total reports. The media plays a part in harassment cases. A research revealed that media portrays a person participating in the movement in two ways: either as a victim or an over exaggerator. This plays a vital part as the perceptions of the masses about anything are greatly influenced by media. Also the definition of sexual harassment varies, for some it is as defined by the law, while others have a broader perception. Research needs to be done in this regard for getting qualitative results.

Another study of the 15 articles published in the New York Times revealed that 33.3% showed that harassment is a problem of the entertainment industry, 20% supported that this movement is global, 13.3% discussed the incidents in academics and another 13.3% discussed the mitigation strategies being adopted to avoid harassment. The remaining were focusing on the prevalence of assault in politics, restaurant and advertising industries. The study also showed that the New York Times cited cases coming from the privileged backgrounds and none of the articles discussed the cases face by the poor. This hints that the powerless and poor victims may not be given attention or even discouraged to report or disclose their secrets of assault.

Another study looks for the implications of law in the and sees if the movement influences the way courts pass judgments in harassment cases and whether the movement has an impact on the sexual harassment laws. The results showed that the movement has great potential in changing the ways in which sexual assault is seen in societies by reforming ways of sex education and raising knowledge of the damages of sexual assault. The movement can also lead to changes in the system and ways in which the society strives to serve justice to the victims.

Another study showed that after the me too movement the MTV surveyed 1800 young individuals of age group 18-25 and came up with the results that 40% of the male respondents admitted that they have changed substantially the way they behave in romantic relationships and 25% of the female respondents said that mens’ behaviors have changed after the movement, however more research is needed to see the real changes in behaviors and perceptions. Also the media and advertising should stop the objectification of women. Companies are using technology for the safety of the women like safety buttons or alarms on the phones to seek help if any assault happens to them.

A report published in WMC Reports said that the frequency of articles related to sexual assault in the New York Times have increased by 30% as of August 2018 as compared to May 2017. And articles covering the #Metoo movement make up for 52% of them.

As for me, the movement is of great significance as we as human race and a society need to modify things that are of importance namely perceptions of honor, masculinity, power, sex, consent and empowerment. For decades women, and even men and children have been subject to abuse, rape and mental and emotional torture and are forced to live their whole lives keeping the trauma with them. This movement has enabled people to come forward to raise their voices and report the perpetrators and seek justice. Now people are more aware and concerned about the sex education and are empowering sexual assault victims and motivating them to move on in life with dignity and respect.

There are parts of the world like India and Pakistan and other developing countries where there is a palpable disparity between the standard of lives of men and women and the societies have always been judgmental towards women. The victim is blamed for provoking the perpetrator by the way they dress or talk. But this is rapidly changing thanks to the movement. Now every woman, man or child can raise his/ her voice against the injustice done to him/ her through this movement. Social media has enabled people to speak up for themselves and seek justice. As we saw in the Zainab rape case, where a little girl named Zainab was raped and then murdered but the rapist couldn’t get away with this due the pressure from public on the law enforcement institutions via Facebook and other social media platforms. He was dealt with according to the law in a short span of time.

Many actors in the Bollywood have also come forward against the sexual harassment and bullying by senior actors and/or directors in the industry. The issues and incidents with casting couches have been highlighted.

People from almost all walks of life an every part of the world now have the liberty to live their marital or romantic lives according to their will and consent and constraints like lack of power and finances are no longer a hindrance. It is shamefully amazing that women being the opposite gender of same species have suffered and endured so much for centuries. But finally they have a voice of their own and are empowered enough to speak up.

Families have a great role in curbing the problem of sexual harassment as they are responsible for how their children behave and have the responsibility to teach their sons and daughters about manners and etiquettes. The “boys will be boys” narrative and perceptions about masculinity need to be reshaped. Schools also play a big role in shaping the personalities of the students. Companies should also care about the equality among the employees of both the genders. All sets of the society, in fact, need to play their part to make this world a better place to live in for whole of the human race.

The movement has already had an impact on the ideologies of people but still there is a long way to go to attain equality. Many governments especially the developed world are working on the improvement of quality of life and the wellbeing of the masses. We as people should do in our capacity, at local, community, state and country level to make this country a safer place to be in. We as a nation should strive to lead the world in this regard and set example for others to follow.

Works Cited

(PDF) # Metoo Movement: An Awareness Campaign. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323816747_metoo_movement_An_awareness_campaign. Accessed 14 Mar. 2019.

Evans, Alyssa. #MeToo: A Study on Sexual Assault as Reported in the New York Times. Vol. 8, 2018, p. 8.

Media and #MeToo: How a Movement Affected Press Coverage of Sexual Assault - Women’s Media Center. http://www.womensmediacenter.com/reports/media-and-metoo-how-a-movement-affected-press-coverage-of-sexual-assault. Accessed 14 Mar. 2019.

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Bohman, Clara Knäpper. RESEARCH PAPER #Metoo and the Media Framing of Sexual Harassment A Frame Analysis of the #Metoo Movement and Perception of Sexual Harassment within Austrian Media. www.academia.edu, http://www.academia.edu/35673081/RESEARCH_PAPER_Metoo_and_the_Media_Framing_of_Sexual_Harassment_A_frame_analysis_of_the_Metoo_movement_and_perception_of_sexual_harassment_within_Austrian_media. Accessed 14 Mar. 2019.

Subject: English

Pages: 5 Words: 1500

Argumentative Research Essay

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Argumentative essay

Introduction of the problem

Electric vehicles provide an efficient alternative to the conventional vehicles in the auto industry. The use of electric vehicles increased in the world due to the efficiency and technological advancements. The technology offered in hybrid cars is capable of replacing the conventional gas vehicles. Diverse sets of electric vehicles are available in America that offers a range of benefits to the consumers. The significant advantage associated with the Electric Vehicles (EV’s) is reduced costs and carbon emission. Hajderi and Paco (2017) define EV as, “engine that works with conventional or alternative fuels and an electric motor that uses energy stored in a battery. Extra power provided by the electric motor creates the possibility of a smaller engine, resulting in better economy of fuel without sacrificing performance” (Hajderi & Paco, 2017). They improve fuel efficiency and performance of the vehicle. Regarding usability, the electric vehicle is a better choice compared to the conventional vehicles that consume massive fuels. As the society will be unable to fulfill their energy requirements due to oil depletion. Forecasts state that the sales and use of EVs will increase after 2020 due to the cheaper batteries and more extended range. Environment sustainability has become one of the prominent issues of the twenty-first century due to rising temperate and generation of greenhouse gases to threatening level. Gas vehicles contribute to the generation of carbon dioxide that leads to global warming. To address this issue it is important to switch to modern vehicles that will increase world’s capacity of controlling global warming CITATION Fan17 \l 1033 (Liao, Molin and Wee). Significant researches are done to examine the relationship of gas emission and global warming. As electric vehicles are eco-friendly and they allow drivers to save money, they can replace the convectional gas vehicles.

Reason and evidence

Datum# 1

Fuel saving remains the visible advantage of the electric vehicles as it consumes only 38% fuel in the city and 20% in the highway when compared to the fuel consumption of the conventional vehicle CITATION Fan17 \l 1033 (Liao, Molin and Wee). The in-built design of the engine makes electric vehicles cars more fuel efficient resulting in high utility. The electric vehicle is a better choice compared to the conventional vehicle regarding performance and efficiency. Fuel efficiency makes electric vehicle more reliable and suitable for the vehicle industry as it eliminates the issues of energy waste or consumption of fossil fuels (Weiss, Zerfas and Helmers). Due to efficiency the sales of EV’s have increased massively. The sales of hybrid vehicles increased massively in the United States in the last few years. The sales of electric vehicles reflected an increase of 37% in 2016. Total cars sold in the year were 159,139. The popular models of hybrid cars sold in America include Telsa Model S, Telsa Model X, Nissan Leaf, Ford Fusion and Chevrolet Volt. California sets the target of selling 1.5 million hybrid cars by the year 2025 CITATION Dav102 \l 1033 (Buckeridge, Glazier and Harvey). The sales reflected the growth of 32% in 2016, depicting the increase in market share compared to the previous years. The global sales describe the increase of 42% with the selling of 777,497 vehicles CITATION Fan17 \l 1033 (Liao, Molin and Wee).

Datum# 2

Consumption of less fuel makes hybrid cars more efficient as they eliminate environmental pollution. The perceived benefits depend on the technical and ecological aspects. Low consumption of fuels in electric cars means low generation of carbon emission. Facts reveals that 24 pounds of carbon dioxide are generated by the trucks and cars that are running on gas. Facts depicts that, “about five pounds comes from the extraction, production, and delivery of the fuel, while the great bulk of heat-trapping emissions more than 19 pounds per gallon comes right out of a car’s tailpipe” CITATION UCS14 \l 1033 (UCS). The statistics confirms that gas vehicles generate tons of carbon dioxide that has deteriorating impacts on thee environment.

Global warming also has deteriorating implications on the health of people because it leads to the development of many respiratory diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Rhinosinusitis. Exposure to gas vehicles leads to the respiratory issues including asthma. Research findings states that “admission for some respiratory conditions, such as asthma, may be associated with suboptimal ambulatory care, which may in turn be associated with low SES and exposure to motor vehicles” CITATION Dav102 \l 1033 (Buckeridge, Glazier and Harvey). The findings suggests that people belonging to low socio-economic status are more likely to encounter motor vehicles that will in turn increase the risks of respirator disease.

Datum# 3

Electric vehicle provide the cost-effective solution that saves your money. Tax breaks also offer advantages to the purchasers of hybrid cars. The international policy of environment protection allows people to buy electric vehicle. Incentives for the buyers include savings, discounts and tax rebates. Lighter weight and the smaller gas engine provides a more efficient solution to the consumers CITATION Dav102 \l 1033 (Buckeridge, Glazier and Harvey). Improved equipment and reliability involved in hybrid cars makes it a better alternative to conventional vehicles. The costs faced by the driver of the electric vehicle is two times smaller compared to the conventional vehicle. The cost of fuel per mile is 0.05 to 0.07 dollars. While in case of the traditional vehicle the cost per mile is recorded as 0.10 to 0.15 dollars (Weiss, Zerfas and Helmers). Research studies have confirmed that electric vehicles are more effective in saving money. Statistics reveals that “the net energy savings for the electric vehicle will be $413 per year. Over the 10-year life of the vehicle, this will result in a cumulative savings of $4130 on energy costs” CITATION Ing16 \l 1033 (Malmgren). The data states that switching to electric vehicles allow people to save money.

III. Warrants

Warrant# 1

The data is supported by the claim that electric vehicles gives huge boost to energy efficiency. The essential function that provides leverage to the electric vehicle is the technology enhancement allowing it to store energy in battery compared to the conventional vehicle’s storage of fuel CITATION Fan17 \l 1033 (Liao, Molin and Wee). Combining efficient combustion engines with the batteries enhances the performance of these cars. Batteries also provide supplementary engine power that allows speed recovery. Regenerative braking is an additional feature that provides an edge to the electric vehicle technology compared to the conventional vehicles. Braking in stop-and-go traffic leads to enhance efficiency. Improved energy storage adds to more efficiency of electric vehicle in comparison to the conventional vehicles. Regenerative braking accelerates the performance leading to high-energy capacity and efficient release of energy. They rely on batteries that are made up of nickel-metal-hydride that is relatively heavy CITATION Dav102 \l 1033 (Buckeridge, Glazier and Harvey). Lithium batteries offer lighter batteries that are more efficient in energy saving. Due the technology used in the electric vehicles they can capable of using low fuels. The data supports the claim that electric vehicles can replace the gas vehicles because low fuel consumption with generation of maximum output leads to the advantage of the users.

Warrant# 2

The data supports the claim that electric vehicles are better than traditional gas vehicles because they helps in resolving the problem of global warming. The central advantage of the vehicle as the transformation from single source energy to multiple sources. Sophisticated mechanical and electrical systems offered by hybrid car provide environment friendly option to the consumers CITATION AKa17 \l 1033 (Karim and Shahid). Electric vehicle dispense effective solution to control pollution resulting from carbon emission. The comparison of engine performance and mileage coverage depicts that these cars can cover more distance with fewer fuel consumption. People of society are more likely to adopt them due to their proactive role in the society. It allows society to cut fossil fuels consumption, the source of carbon and nitrogen emission. Fossil fuels have constantly deteriorated the environment through the release of toxic gases thus contributing to global warming CITATION CRe07 \l 1033 (Reynolds and Kandlikar). Electric vehicles rely on batteries that mean fuel conservation and reduced carbon emission. It is a practical way out for attaining environmental sustainability.

Warrant# 3

Backing

Backing for warrant# 1

When it comes to consumer products, the most important thing that appeal customers is the level of efficiency offered by the product. This supports the warrant because modern consumer is concerned to buy car that offer high efficiency. The plug in hybrids offers a new technology that is more likely to convince people to purchase electric cars. Efficiency is also linked to the performance of the electric vehicles. Because EVs perform better than the conventional gas vehicles, customers choose to buy electric cars. Consumers are also expecting improvements in technology with time and they get annoyed with the old vehicles CITATION Jea07 \l 1033 (Chanaron and Teske). Old technology become obsolete and customers are aiming at findings something that better fit their modern expectations. Electric vehicles that will convince consumers to buy it offer new features. EVs don’t require refueling that allow drivers to save time and again depicts high efficiency and improved performance.

Backing for warrant# 2

One of the biggest concerns of current consumer is about environment protection. Due to climate change many awareness campaigns are launched and initiatives are taken to explain the deteriorating impacts of the gas and oil consumption. Almost everyone is aware about the association of carbon emission with greenhouse gases generation and global warming. Electric vehicle manufacturers like Tesla are also using aggressive marketing by focusing on environmental concerns CITATION Fan17 \l 1033 (Liao, Molin and Wee). These ads have also convinced a larger population that the need for taking action is urgent. They have built adequate knowledge about environmental degradation and the role of fossil fuels in the generation of toxic gases. These factors play significant role in persuading the buyers to switch to the modern electric vehicles. Realism also states that climate protection campaigns had made many people environmentally responsible. This reflects that they will act responsibly by purchasing car that will minimize the risks of carbon emission and global warming. People concerned about the future generations will also choose to buy electric vehicles for providing safe environment. Facts reveal that electric vehicles don’t emit pollutants directly that means reduced carbon emission. EV’s are also more acceptable because it convinces the users to focus on their health.

Backing for warrant# 3

The claims are valid because electric vehicles offer huge potential of saving money. The first thing that a person considers in making a purchase is the purchasing power. A customer is inclined to buy a car that is affordable and offer maximum utility. As EVs are cheaper than convectional gas cars, people can save cost. The prominent factors that allow individuals to save cost are the fact that these cars don’t require refueling. This means users will only have to purchase the car and not pay for the fuel depending on the miles covered CITATION Dav102 \l 1033 (Buckeridge, Glazier and Harvey). Compared to that gas cars demand more refilling depending on the distance covered. This means that people have to stop at gas stations for refills. Customers relying on gas cars have to pay more money compared to the electric car owners. Realism states that customers who are rational take a decision based on the cost-benefit analysis. As electric cars require only initial costs and not the fuel costs, that will lead to maximum utility. The best possibilities of saving money is by relying on the charging. The cost-saving aspect is visible because a person can drive 150 km without recharging CITATION AKa17 \l 1033 (Karim and Shahid). It is also stated that the maintenance cost of EV’s is also low compared to the gas vehicle. As electric vehicles offer huge potential of saving money customers will buy more electric vehicles in future.

Rebuttal

Counter-argument#1

No significant evidence is available that could prove that EV’s will control the issues of climate change because purchase of this modern technology has remained very low. There will be no significant market for electric vehicles because people are inclined to use gas vehicle. The counter-argument claims that investing in EV’s is not a rational decision because the demand remains significantly low. The argument claims that it is not possible to examine the practical role of EV’s in reduction of carbon emission because all evidence available is limited. People have not accepted electric vehicle as a better replacement from gas cars, which makes it difficult to understand how it will practically contribute to environment sustainability. This also makes EV a less preferable choice because of the old consumption patterns.

Rebuttal to counter-argument #1

Counter-argument can be refuted on the basis of the fact that EV’s don’t use fuels. Because these modern cars are relying on batteries this means the consumption of fuels or gas is zero, which is identified as a significant contributor of global warming. Cars running without gas or fuel will be eliminating no carbon that means they will be eco-friendly and help in attaining the goal of protecting climate CITATION Fan17 \l 1033 (Liao, Molin and Wee).

The counter-argument can also be rejected on the claims that the demand for EV’s increased in the regions that have launched them in the markets. Efficiency is one of the prominent reason for the people to switch to electric cars because they perform better than the gas cars. The evaluation of markets for hybrid car depicts its growth in the US vehicle industry CITATION Dav102 \l 1033 (Buckeridge, Glazier and Harvey). The states of America that allow hybrid vehicle registration including Florida, California, Texas and New York. The market share of hybrid cars is prominent in the developed countries. The share of the hybrid cars shrinks in the developing countries. The market shares of hybrid cars will improve in the developed countries like the US in the next few years CITATION AKa17 \l 1033 (Karim and Shahid). Rising fuel prices in the vehicle industry depict the possibilities of increased hybrid cars demand in future. Growing environmental concerns due to global warming and carbon emission make HEV more feasible for the industry.

Counter-argument# 2

Electric vehicles costs more due to the maintenance and technical faults. The counter-argument claims that EV’s exhibit high probability of technical faults that means customers will face high costs of maintenance. These vehicles will not allow users to save money but will in fact increase cost burden CITATION Ing16 \l 1033 (Malmgren). Compared to the EV’s gas vehicles don’t posits the challenges of technical faults so customers will save more money. Electric vehicles are more vulnerable to technical faults that will discourage people from buying them. The technical defects of Tesla electric cars was due to the inefficiency of the technical team. There were many technical errors that confirm that companies are still struggling to bring a fully developed vehicle to the market. There are also possibilities of more accidents due to the sudden technical failure. Therefore, gas vehicles are more beneficial compared to the electrical vehicles.

Rebuttal to counter-argument # 2

Counter-argument can be refuted on the facts that with the enhancement of technology and launch of fully developed models there challenges of technical failures will be resolved. The companies have taken the responsibility of performing tests before releasing these vehicles. Such tests will highlight technical faults and will allow technicians to resolve the problems. This will lead to the creation of bets vehicles that are free from technical faults CITATION Ing16 \l 1033 (Malmgren). The claims that EV’s require more maintenance is wrong because facts have revealed that the structure is highly efficient that will demand minimum maintenance. The counter-argument can also bee rejected by using the case of Tesla when the company had accepted the responsibility of technical failure and called back the defeated cars. This reflects that companies are more determined to take actions for resolving technical faults and present a fully tested model because technical defects will ruin their reputation CITATION Dav102 \l 1033 (Buckeridge, Glazier and Harvey). The maintenance cost of these vehicles is also low. Behavioral economics explains the main incentive during purchase decision remains the price of purchase. The consumer theory of preferences states that the consumers choose from an available set of alternatives. Consumer preference theory suggests that the comparison of the cost associated with electric vehicles will increase the chances of consumers purchase. Reduces fuel consumption and saving due to low energy consumption acts as a primary incentive. electric vehicle offer reduced operating cost due to one-time battery purchase thus allowing consumers to save money. Increased costs have a negative impact on consumer decision-making CITATION Jea07 \l 1033 (Chanaron and Teske). Battery range also has a positive influence on the purchase decisions of individuals in the vehicle industry. The driving range is high in case of hybrid technology compared to the conventional cars that influence the consumer preferences.

Conclusion

The analysis of the facts and evidence depicts that electric vehicles are more practical for replacing the conventional gas vehicles. The man argument defends the uses of EV’s on the basis of cost effectiveness and environment sustainability. Electric vehicles are capable of replacing the conventional vehicles due to the range of benefits that it offers. Replacing traditional vehicles with the hybrid cars as it helps in reducing fuel consumption thus eliminating the problem of oil depletion. The modern combustion technology for the engine offered by electric vehicle relies on high precision gasoline injection resulting in reduced fuel consumption. The vehicle industry of United States reveals that the consumption of oil is significantly elevated in the transportation department. The total consumption of oil in the transport department is 70%. Increased reliance on the country on fossil fuels depicts the need for curtailing oil consumption. The electric vehicle provides an advantage to the industry as it reduces the consumption of oils. It is also efficient in attaining economic development. Reduced energy spending and decline in oil imports creates economic opportunities for the country. The counter-argument makes weak claims that are not supported by evidence. Hence, it is possible to refute counter-argument.

Work Cited

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Buckeridge, David L, et al. "Effect of motor vehicle emissions on respiratory health in an urban area. ." Environ Health Perspect. 110.3 (2010): 293–300.

Chanaron, Jean-Jacques and Julius Teske. "Hybrid vehicles: a temporary step." International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management 7.4 (2007).

HAJDERI, ASLLAN and STAVRI PACO. "HYBRID VEHICLES AND THEIR IMPACT ON POLLUTION REDUCTION IN URBAN AREAS." Interdisplinary Journal of Research and Development 4 (2017).

Karim, A. and Z. Shahid. "Performance and Cost Analysis of Conventional Petrol Car Converted Into Solar-Electric Hybrid Car." J. Energy Resour. Technol 140.3 (2017).

Liao, Fanchao, Eric Molin and Bert van Wee. "Consumer preferences for electric vehicles: a literature review ." Journal Transport Reviews 37.3 (2017).

Malmgren, Ingrid. "Quantifying the Societal Benefits of Electric Vehicles ." World Electric Vehicle Journal 8 (2016).

Reynolds, C and M Kandlikar. "How hybrid-electric vehicles are different from conventional vehicles: the effect of weight and power on fuel consumption." Environmental Research Letters 2.1 (2007).

UCS. Car Emissions and Global Warming. 2014. 06 11 2019 <https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/car-emissions-global-warming>.

Subject: English

Pages: 10 Words: 3000

“The Cask Of Amontillado”

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of Instructor]

[Subject]

[Date]

“The Cask of Amontillado”

Introduction

“The Cask of Amontillado” (sometimes called “The Casque of Amontillado”) is a short story penned down by Edgar Allan Poe in the middle of 19th century (Poe). It was first published in the issue of Godey’s Lady’s Book in November 1846. Edgar Allan Poe is primarily famous for his works in poetry and short stories, but he mostly got his fame from the area of short stories. He is one of the early practitioners of the country’s short stories and is considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre. He holds the credit to earn a living through writing alone, which resulted in a crisis in his life both in financial and career terms.

The story narrates about the revenge of a man that he takes on his friend who had tortured him mentally and most probably physically also. The main lead of the story, Montresor, thinks that his friend, Fortunato had insulted him multiple times on various occasions and he had been hurt from his side from a long time. Like many of his other works, and keeping in mind the fascination regarding the revenge trends of the 19th century, Poe narrates the story around the live burial of a person, in this case, by immurement. Similar to his other works, like in “The Black Cat” and “The Tell-tale Heart," the author narrates the story from a murderer's perspective. In Edgar Allen Poe’s “The Cask of Amontillado,” the symbolism presented throughout the text, the overall setting, and the actions of the narrator sets up the sinister principle of revenge as the theme of this short story.

Discussion

Edgar Allan Poe’s piece of writing “The Cask of Amontillado” is considered a masterpiece in the area of detective fiction writing. He is viewed as the pioneer of the genre and has given many short stories to English Literature on the said topic. The central theme running through the whole story is of revenge.

Plot Summary

The story takes place in an unnamed city of Italy, during the carnival time. The year of the occurrence of the story has also not been specified. The narrator of the story and the main lead, Montresor, is a fine young man who seems to have good taste in wines. His antagonist, Fortunato, who also happens to be his very good friend, has also got a good taste in wines and is very fond of drinking.

The story starts with the main character, Montresor, thinking bitterly about the times when Fortunato had insulted him multiple times. The starting line of the story portrays the amount of remorse that the lead of the story feels towards Fortunato "Fortunato had hurt me a thousand times, and I had suffered quietly." Montresor is hurt even over the fact that Fortunato makes fun of his name. Filled with boiling rage, he decides the murder of his friend, Fortunato, and plans to execute it on the eve of the Carnival.

On the planned day, Montresor finds Fortunato in a very shabby state. He is heavily drunk and not able to think straight. Montresor recognizes this instantly that today, again, Fortunato has gone out of limits of drinking and the devil inside him awakens. He finds it a perfect chance to fulfill his desire of taking revenge of all the insult that he had faced in the hands of Fortunato and ultimately kill him. Montresor lures him into a trap that he has got the finest collection of wines with him at his place, as he knew that drinks, especially old and quality wines are a weakness of Fortunato. He tells Fortunato that he has just got one of the finest and the oldest type of wine, Amontillado, and wanted the latter to try it. Fortunato, too drunk to think straight, fell into the trap and went with him to his palace. Montresor told him that he keeps all the collections in the catacomb, just below his mansion as it had the perfect environment and temperature for the storage of wines. Fortunato once again fails to understand the evil plan of Montresor and follows him blindly down the vault. The catacomb, which in the form of a long and narrow passage, served as a burial place for the family members of the Montresors, that is why it was filled with bones and decompositions of the human bodies.

The vaults keep going on and on, and both the men keep following each other until they reach a narrow niche. Montresor tells Fortunato to enter inside first as the Amontillado is right inside. Fortunato still does not understand the plan and in his greed for the wine, heads inside to get it first. Montresor, grasping the opportunity, quickly pulls the chains and confines him inside the niche. Fortunato, surprised by this unexpected action, tries to free himself but fails. Montresor on the other hand, reveals a brick and mortar which he had hidden beneath the bones nearby and starts building up a wall in front of the niche. When Fortunato finds out Montresor’s intentions, begs him to free him, pretending like he is subject of a joke, but Montresor never listens and keeps working quickly. When he just to put the last stone to the wall, Fortunato pleads to him to release him “For the love of God," to which Montresor pays no heed and throws a torch inside before sealing it forever.

Analysis

"The Cask of Amontillado" is an excellent piece of writing, which includes only two characters and a short span of time to narrate a long range of events and a horrifying murder. The raw emotions, the vivid descriptions, the elaborated situations, and the vengeance, are all enough to pass the chills down a reader’s spine. A bibliophile can easily feel the emotions that the author has intended to present and can relate to each and every step of the story.

In the story "The Cask of Amontillado," Edgar Allan Poe has made use of many symbols and imagery to create a perfect setting for the story and portrays the real emotions and rage going through the nerves. Every single detail presented in the text seems to be something else and point towards a flashing and encoded message that is equally gruesome and horrifying. The writer has used the symbols and left the rest upon the reader to decipher.

The first and foremost symbol that sets the stage perfectly for the story is the underground vault or the catacomb. The underground catacomb serves as the theater of the tale, where it takes place. It serves as a perfect place for a story that talks about revenge and murder in cold blood. Nothing could be better than the usage of a graveyard or a vault to create a horrifying and gothic feel for such a piece of writing.

The making of the catacomb also sets a perfect setting for the story as it has been portrayed as a dark, enclosed space with damp walls and bones all around. As Montresor and Fortunato keep going further, the cellar or the catacomb keeps getting smaller and smaller and fouler and fouler. The walls also keep becoming damper and damper. Although the dampness of walls is due to the fact that the catacomb is just beneath the river bed, the author has used it to create a perfect setting for revenge. The darkness of the crypt depicts the darkness of the intentions in Montessori’s heart.

Moreover, Poe has used the symbol of coldness various times in the text. The symbol or the “temperature” of the objects has been intentionally mentioned as cold to depict the coldness and cruelty of the emotions. The symbol cold used at multiple places represents the cold blood that was running through the veins of Montresor throughout the story. For instance, when Montresor and Fortunato enter the crypt, the former feels that "the floor was cold and hard." On another occasion, Montresor feels that the atmosphere of the catacomb as "here in the cool, dark, still air under the ground."

One positive thing about the story is that it shows no use of violence. Although it includes a murder, in the end, it consists of no blood, no guts, and no gore. The writer only triggers the readers emotionally and plays with their psyche. “The Cask” presents a strange psychological study of two creepy men, following each other in the middle of the night. Both the men on a quest, Fortunato wants the wine whereas Montresor wants Fortunato to feel his revenge, the heat of the insult that he had faced for years in his hands. And where there is revenge, there is tragedy; somebody usually gets killed in the end.

Conclusion

Shortly, it can be summarized that “The Cask of Amontillado” is a brilliant work of fiction, which introduces the reader to a wider range of cold and murderous emotions in an elaborated yet simple manner. It goes without saying that “The Cask” is an excellent work of Goth and horror that progresses along with its plot without any use of violence or blood.

Works Cited

Poe, Edgar Allan. The cask of Amontillado. The Creative Company, 2008.

Subject: English

Pages: 5 Words: 1500

Brainstorming The Blog Assignment

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Social sciences are part of the study that elaborates more of how the humans mind works on his or her social way of life. While natural sciences deal with what occupies space and have weight, energy and their interactions, in other words, the events that happen in the world (Batch T.N.T 12). Both sciences establish the relationship between variables and make predictions in both instances.

It this case quantitatively and qualitatively the social sciences are often expressed or discussed verbally by word of mouth. In the other instance, natural sciences are mathematically calculated (fang et al 45). This involves more writing for explanation than the other aspects. When getting the variables in social sciences there is more of questionnaires or observation of polls. On the other hand, the natural sciences are more practical experiments to get the exact outcome or results by calculations.

To some extent both sciences, they both involve the establishment of relations between variables. They both look for patterns and generalities. With this, the natural sciences cannot take everything into account since its for simplifications. The social aspects of the categories and values are so important in modeling (Jiang et al 23). Naturally, some unimportant things are neglected while socially logical generalization based on patterns observed hence predictions are made. Naturally what is important is not so obvious while socially it comes through modeling. The results presented in the natural aspect has fewer discussions the data speaks for itself while the social part it includes more discussions since the data researched are not always available. In natural sciences, the research presentation has a large structure involving introduction, methodology, results and the conclusion while in the social its always in essays.

In conclusion, social sciences are important to humans since it helps them understand and imagine future alternatives. When issues are deliberated widely to find better solutions for the future, informed choices that make the one shape the future. Psychologists, sociologists, and political scientists help us understand the economic crisis by weighing up our decisions we make to ourselves and the ones which governments make on our behalf. Social sciences in a serious way contribute to our wellbeing and our health. From physical exercise, diet, nutrition and more of lifestyle, it creates awareness on more of what to be done and left. Social science may also save your life. Accidents do happen when proper training is offered to staff they always take necessary precaution and first aid when needed since awareness was created. Moreover, it makes the world a better place to stay where all humans can enjoy dignity and rights with fellow humans.

References

Jiang, W., Wang, G., Wu, J. (2014). Generating trusted graphs for trust evaluation in online social networks.Future generation computer systems,31, 48-58.

Fang, J. Q., Wang, X. F., Zheng, Z. G. (2009). Dynamical complexity of nonlinear networks.Progress in Physics,1.

Bach, T. N. T. (2014). Similarities of Vietnam and South KoreaLinking to the Strategy Cooperation Partnership and Its Future Direction.International Journal of Social Sciences and Management,1(3), 88-92.

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Subject: English

Pages: 1 Words: 300

Easing Brain Fatigue With A Walk In The Park

Sunny

Instructor Name

Course Number

10 June 2019

Easing Brain Fatigue with a Walk in the Park

Introduction

The busy city life has created a number of issues for healthy human life. It has shown a significant impact on the working of the brain; exhaustion of the brain activity has led to brain fatigue. Brain Fatigue signifies forgetfulness, lack of attention and lower levels of mental activity. Researchers in Scotland have found a cure to release the burden off the individual’s brain. They emphasize that brain fatigue can be easily released just by taking a walk in a park. Researchers conclude that overall brain activity heals which results in better and improved cognitive, psychological and physical health in the individuals. It suggests that over-engaging work routine shall be managed to take time out for a walk, or view nature, in order to have a healthy recovery from fatigue and stress.

Thesis statement

The essay tends to explore how walking in the park is beneficial for individuals through a comprehensive study of literature and research available. The essay demonstrates an in-depth understanding of the effects on the individual’s emotional and physical health as a result of reduction in stress.

Effects of walk-in nature on brain and stress relief

In today’s world with the emergence of urbanization there is a significant decrease in trees and areas with natural habitat. Although people widely believe that nature benefits society, however, it is difficult for them to take benefit from them. Since people spend more and more time occupied with gadgets, online games and television. In addition to this, life has become busy and people rarely have time to indulge in activities that help them live a happier life. Leisure has been limited to indoor and outdoor activities are planned one in a while. Therefore, with most of their activities centered in metro life, it is difficult for them to take time out and revel in nature.

Proximity to nature has surprisingly fruit bearing effects on the human brain. Research shows that it helps the brain break free from the burden of stress; a mechanism that exhausts it. It takes. Scientists hold the belief that staying near nature relieves one of stress and other mediums and Research suggests that the people who walked in areas surrounded by trees had higher heart rate variability, signifying lower levels of stress and higher levels of relaxation, lower levels of heart rate and anxiety. The researchers suggest that nature had a positive impact on the overall health of human beings. Such people are known to be happier moods, exuding positivity. Brain fatigue has been found to be significantly lower in such individuals. The study concluded that nature had more beneficial effects on an individual's stress reduction as compared to other mediums of stress relief such as exercise and therapy. Another laboratory experiment by a university in Texas found that participants who were more prone to activities and mediums like movies that induced stress, when exposed to scenes of nature and videos showing natural scenes, showed drastic recovery from the stress immediately. Moreover, in a study conducted in Japan, the participants were assigned to take walks in urban centers and forests. The study included measuring heart rates, moods and questionnaires regarding them. The results showed that participants who spent more time in nature had happier moods, lesser stress levels and anxiety levels. Scientists found that living near natural habitat had noteworthy effects on the human brain. Walking in nature also effects rumination, reflecting and making amends accordingly aids in exuding optimism and happiness which in return helps in eliminating stress. Scientists believe that nature restores creativity and enhances problem-solving skills in individuals. Nature induces feelings of kindness and generosity throughout as a gesture of instilling positivity in people.

With the advent and increasing levelof urbanizations and metropolitan systems, trees have been a rare sight. However, inorder to maintain a human association with nature, cities no have parks with trees and grass. These green places are preserved to help individuals reduce their stress. They create a restorative effect. Nature improves are a social association with people which is otherwise impossible to get through social media applications. Scientists suggest that walking briskly 30 minutes daily aid in coping with our hectic lifestyles, it not only burns fat and calories but also eliminates excessive sugar in our bodies which lead to severe diseases. The effects are visible in lifting self-esteem, self-improvement and overall bond within the society. With all these benefits of just walking in the park, the struggle remains with only taking time out and getting outside. Therefore it is essential to follow a schedule for a walk and develop a routine for a walk in the midst of a busy life. Walking in the park or nearby green spaces is rewarding for individuals in all ways.

Conclusion

Staying in touch with nature and limiting the tech life individuals prone to in today's will release the burden of stress which happens to be one the leading causes of deteriorating human advancement, it limits creativity, decision-making abilities have multiple health implications and lingers as a constant burden on the brain consuming it. The proximity to nature and taking time out for walks helps in healing brain fatigue in astounding ways, this helps in reducing anger, anxiety, fear and stress from daily life. This inculcates positive feeling by making an individual's mood happy and induces pleasant feelings of self-satisfaction. Not only does taking a walk in the park stimulate emotional wellbeing it also has many health benefits such as reducing blood reduces, muscle tension, production of stress hormones and eliminate the threat of heart diseases. People should preserve and protect the habitat in order to maintain and sustain a healthy and happier lifestyle.

Works Cited

BIBLIOGRAPHY Reynolds, Gretchen. "Easing Brain Fatigue With A Walk In The Park." New York Times 27 March 2013.

Subject: English

Pages: 3 Words: 900

Essay

Take my privacy, please

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of the Institution]

Take my privacy, please

In his article" Take my privacy please," David writes about the issue of privacy faced by the current world. He uses different evidence to support the argument. At the same time, he is focusing the internet screen ads which are targeting the user on the basis of their interests. He argues that people are scared of using online ways for the transaction and share any personal information. He also claims that it is not necessary that using the online sites, individual may lose their privacy, there are other ways too. In the meantime, the essay also highlights the negative consequences.Pogue expresses the negative results of privacy loss in various ways. There are chances people may not want to share their address, but due to the internet, their locations are easily tracked by someone. It can be threatening. Sometimes, people with serious diseases face problems due to medical records, and they lose opportunities. Moreover, he also informs that people fear to lose cash from their credit card or they might have experienced it in the past. It is agreeable because I have experienced losing money through a credit card. Another lousy experience of online shopping is receiving WhatsApp messages from online sellers. They saved the number and started sending messages directly to the number, and it is really annoying.

The people above 50 still prefer to use cash instead of using credit cards. These people are seen at different, and they receive their salary in cash form. They even do not take paychecks or cross-checks. It is not necessary that they are afraid of online services or concern about their privacy. Some of them are not used to the latest technologies, and they face difficulties in using credit cards. Secondly, they have experienced manual system from their childhood, and they prefer it. The elderly do not like the direct deposition of social security into their accounts. It is not because of fear of losing privacy or bad experience with online services. There are other reasons like it is difficult for them to visit the bank every time they are in need. At this age, people are more conscious about their health and relaxation. Therefore, they keep money with them every time.

However, some people fear to take online services due to some bad experiences. They are also concerned about online privacy and security risks. There some solutions for those people in order to protect their privacy like they should be more careful about using their credit cards while shopping online. It is also necessary to be attentive in a line at a grocery store while buying with a credit card, where someone can take the picture from the back. Moreover, people should not trust every website which asks for personal information. People should shop from renowned and trustworthy sites like Amazon, Ali Baba, etc. Every individual should use the online sites and social media wisely. People should be careful while downloading different Apps because they ask for permission to have access to various data like contact list, photos, and camera.

Pogue informs his opinion so well it is necessary to surrender your privacy if you need convenience (p. 866). He is right about it, but it could be a form of trouble for a person who follows him by surrendering the whole information on any site. For instance, a person should be careful while making any transactions and filter some information. Cybercrimes are very common nowadays, so people should be cautious about putting their information on the internet. When I googled my name, I found all my social media profiles, and in the images sections, I found my pictures which were available for the public. After that, I removed all the basic information from my profiles. Also, I secured my accounts by using the privacy tools and setting options available on those sites.

In the United States citizens have rights which protect them from some of the severe circumstances that occur in China or other parts of the world. This could go south real fast in the future if changes occurred at a governmental level and it can cause the "big brother" problems for real. This article is old and published in 2000. During these 19 years, many things are changed. However, there is no any such policy implemented by the government to use the personal information of a person. Instead, the US government has strictly standardized the policies against the privacy breach at the healthcare sector in the country. It is good that people should have some privacy in their lives.

It is true that I like watching my life, but I don't like someone to watch me doing my daily activities. It is not only about kayaking on the trail, but it is about privacy being lost. No one would ever love to walk on the path holding hands with somebody and have some deep private conversations anymore. At the same time, it is more awkward to walk consciously knowing that someone behind the cameras is observing you. People travel into nature in order to enjoy and be themselves. They do not feel comfortable when they find cameras, and the aim of enjoying solitude does not appeal anymore. It would look like you are being imprisoned and your every action can make the authorities judge you. Therefore, I would like to have my privacy ensured when I am having some time with myself. I prefer to go to places where my privacy is secured.

References

Pouge, D. (2018). Take my Privacy please, A Practical /Guidebook for English Composition and Technical Writing, Custom Edition for Lake Michigan College. Pearson.

Subject: English

Pages: 3 Words: 900

Facial Recognition

Facial Recognition

Hector Castillo

Facial Recognition

The ever increasing security concerns have led to an increase in surveillance and technological advancement to support state initiatives all over the world. The facial recognition system has been installed in the Hangzhou School in China. It works by identifying the expressions on the students the information is then processed by smart technological sensors showing the mental state of the studentsCITATION Jac14 \l 1033 (Whitehill, 2014).

Many researchers suggest that the system encourages public safety and a way of self-awareness that helps peoplebehave themselves.Surveillance and monitoring are hence as part of the expanding the security horizons on the educational institutions CITATION Kri10 \l 1033 (Best, 2010). The surveillance has led to categorizing the facial expressions with the present mental state of the students.

The monitoring system has raised questions about being a true representation of the student’s emotional state. Instilling fear amongst the students from the camera. This disciplining technique may increase the attention span of the students but it has long term repercussions that lead to anxiety, fear, and depression CITATION RMu19 \l 1033 (R Mustapha, 2019).

The frustration amongst the students is evident as theydespise this type of surveillance. Facial recognition system has been by large advocated fort the use of the systematicmonitoring that creates a better association amongst teachers and teaching methods, attendance and identity of students. The system has digitized the student-teacher relationship from a personal one leaving the emotional quotients below artificial intelligence CITATION Elf03 \l 1033 (Elfenbein, 2003). The facial recognition strategies lead to charging students for their behaviors. It is widely criticized for not enhancing more indulging education systems like in the US, but establishingassumptions on the student’sfacial expressions ignoring their psychological conditions.

Facial recognition systems are deployed all over public areas to keep track of the citizens and to avert any mishaps. This helps manage citizen behavior and detect deviating tendencies amongst them, the technique is widely used in the immigration and security policies. These AI systems help develop strategies and control the population behaviors in line with the law.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY Best, K. (2010). Living in the control society: Surveillance, users and digital screen technologies. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 5-24.

Elfenbein, H. A. (2003). When familiarity breeds accuracy: Cultural exposure and facial emotion recognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 276-290.

R Mustapha, M. S. (2019). The Effect of Trait Anxiety on Recognition of Threatening Emotional Facial Expressions: A Study among High School Student. the International Journal of Humanities and Humanities Invention, 5312-5318.

Whitehill, J. S.-C. (2014). The Faces of Engagement: Automatic Recognition of Student Engagementfrom Facial Expressions. IEEE.

Subject: English

Pages: 1 Words: 300

Feasibility Report For Healthcare Difference Between The US And Other Countries

Your Name

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English: Feasibility report for health care difference between the US and other countries.

Purpose: The purpose of this memo is to highlight the issue of unhygienic food in university cafeterias.

Introduction: This feasibility report will study issues that the students and faculty face regarding unhygienic food at the university cafeteria. The purpose of this proposal is to highlight the issues that consumers of campus food face and to improve and promote the availability of healthy and clean food to the students, which will have a positive effect on the students’ health and enhance their academic performance at WSU.

Research Options: According to the survey, Food hygiene is one of the three aspects of hygiene, with the others being environmental and personal hygiene. Food hygiene is a conscious effort to keep food safe from potential contamination and protect the health of consumers.

Dining on campus usually involves buffet style dining with a number of food options. Limitations like time, money, space, and cooking equipment, students have to settle for the food that is unhygienic. According to the IFS (International Food Standard) the supply of good quality food on Campus is related to the quality management system, supported by detailed prerequisite programs i.e. (Good Manufacturing Practice), GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) and GHP (Good Hygiene Practice) requirements. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2015), out of 150 million University scholars, almost 1 in 10 fall sick after eating contaminated food at campus and 2160 die every year. There are still food suppliers and distributors who do not have satisfactory knowledge of food hygiene and therefore cannot practice what they do not know. According to the highest Food Authorities in the country, it will be made sure that only registered persons can operate food stalls inside the campus. Moreover, it will also be necessary for them to have medical and quality assurance certificates.

A number of research studies suggest that there is a need to scrutinize and evaluate the quality of food that the students are consuming on campus and to educate food handlers about nutritional requirements for health. There is a lack of knowledge about nutritional values among most food suppliers and distributors. Most university scholars develop poor eating habits due to these unhealthy and unhygienic food items. They have no other option but to select food on campus according to convenience, time, and price available to them, rather than their nutritional values.

A study on quality of food on campus conducted by the American Research Institute for policy Development in 2017 stated that four universities and several colleges in the state of Washington were vulnerable and students were left with no option but to take unsafe and unhygienic food. When it comes to cost of healthy food, the biggest question by the authorities is, "Who will pay for it?" The expenses and the effort that goes into maintaining the food quality and standards must be comparatively high. That is one of the areas in which different campuses have different opinions on how to provide high quality food to the students. WSU’s student federation recommends that students’ annual university fee should cover the expenses rather than them having to worry about it afterwards. Food suppliers and a quality control department should maintain a check and balance on the matter. CITATION Ado18 \l 1033 (Ado)

 The Food and Agricultural Organization has set rules for food hygiene and all the practical measures that must be taken in keeping food safe and nutritious through all the phases of production till the point of sale or consumption. It is also clarified that the implications of this definition are that food must be sheltered from spoilage and harmful microorganisms. Any toxic germs present in the food that might result in illness of the consumer should be prevented from reproduction to the fullest. Harmful bacteria in the food should be eliminated by careful cooking or processing and that food should be placed somewhere that is safe and free from germs. The quality of food must be maintained during the process of moving it from one place to another i.e. from the kitchen space to the cafeteria. CITATION Bru18 \l 1033 (Y)

Methodology

Area of the study: The study was conducted in Washington State University (the main campus).There are many vendors and cafeterias, where a number of food handlers work. It was picked as the location of study because researchers observed that the students and faculty, who make up the most important part of the country’s population, depend on the food that is being served there.

Design of the study: A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used in this study.

Population for the study: The population sample for the study contained all food handlers in the campus including cooks and waiters. Students and faculty members who consume food from cafeteria occasionally or on a daily basis.

Instrument for data collection: A questionnaire was used as the primary tool for data collection. It was designed based on facts and figures obtained from research options, literature review and the objectives of the study. The questionnaire was validated and verified by two Food Quality Assurance experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was also determined by incorporating the split-half procedure.

Data collection techniques: 130 copies of the questionnaire were distributed within the campus. From which 112 copies were filled and returned. This represents a 91% return rate.

Data analysis techniques: Data was analyzed using regularities and percentages.

Evaluation and Feasibility Assessment: Some of the food available at the campus meets the quality standards while the rest needs to be taken care of by the University’s quality assurance team. In general, meeting food quality standards is a complex process, but some things are easier than others. For example the Partnership for Healthier America (PHA) started the Healthier Campus Initiative to make the availability of hygienic food possible on campus. Their CEO stated that authorities of food quality assurance must regularly manage the hygienic situations under which food distributors are working for them to prepare food. There are a large number of canteens all around the country that are selling unhygienic food to students, who are the most likely to be victims of this situation, especially those who live on campus and have no other option other than to eat whatever they can find inside or close to the university premises.

Food is the basic source of energy and it needs to be cooked and preserved in an appropriate environment to ensure that it fulfils the eating needs of the students rather make them sick. Eating expired or unhygienic food can damage a person’s abilities to function in a proper way. Overall at this point, students are not eating good quality food. CITATION Tac19 \l 1033 (Tachalyn)

Conclusion: There was no proper check and balance for the food quality on campus. Students who spend a good part of their day at this place have no option other than to consume unhygienic food from the café. The university’s concerned professionals for food quality assurance started to look into the matter and assured all concerned that quick and effective measures would be taken towards this matter.

Works Cited

BIBLIOGRAPHY Ado, Amelia. "Food Hygiene Knowledge and Practices among Food." Sciendo 12 November 2018: 250. Document.

Lee, Hui Key. "Assessment of Food Safety Knowledge." International Journal of Environmental research and public health (2017)pp. 34-38. Document.

Tachalyn. Star online. 16 January 2019. Document. 24 March 2019.

Y, Bruce. "College food needs to get better, This PHA initiative is helping." Forbes (2018)pp 24-24. Print.

CITATION Hui17 \l 1033 (Lee)

Subject: English

Pages: 4 Words: 1200

How Can The Sex Trafficking Rate Be Reduced In Communities By Law Enforcement And What Actions Are Necessary To Make Them Possible?

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of Instructor]

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Annotated Bibliography

Breuil, Brenda Carina Oude, et al. "Human trafficking revisited: legal, enforcement and ethnographic narratives on sex trafficking to Western Europe." Trends in Organized Crime 14.1 (2011): 30-46.

The author Brenda along with her fellow researchers in their research paper investigated the ways by which victims and perpetrators are imagined in the context of females who have been trafficked to various parts of West Europe. The authors focused on three domains that are local law enforcement, ethnographic academic perspective and national law to analyze the perspective of people regarding sex trafficking. According to the author, the narratives of legal law enforcement diverge from the ethnographic narratives. Thus, there is a need to consider all three narratives to mitigate the issue of sex-trafficking. This will encourage realistic and locally adapted law enforcement practices.

Davy, Deanna. "Anti–human trafficking interventions: how do we know if they are working?." American journal of evaluation 37.4 (2016): 486-504.

The author Deanna Davy in her research discusses the issue of sex trafficking that is prevalent in our society. According to the author, many interventions are proposed earlier yet most of them were not evaluate to test their effectiveness. A quality evaluation serves as a key to determine whether the objectives of the interventions were fulfilled or not. Additionally, the author highlighted that the data collection techniques and evaluation methods of anti-trafficking programs have been insufficient. Although several challenges such as hidden victim populations are faces by the evaluators while evaluating anti-trafficking interventions yet still there is a huge need to examine the intervention closely before deploying it. Specifically, imposing evaluation requirements on organizations that are within the project funding arrangement can help in making policies and interventions that can reduce sex-trafficking.

Kotrla, Kimberly. "Domestic minor sex trafficking in the United States." Social work 55.2 (2010): 181-187.

The author Kimberly Kotrla in her research highlighted the issue of minor sex trafficking in the US. According to the author, there has been an alarming increase in the issue of child sex trafficking. This heinous practice exists in the US is all because of the principle of supply and demand. Thousands of American children are subjected to commercial sexual exploitation because there exists an increasing demand for them in the market. Additionally, the author also discussed the factor of cultural tolerance. According to the author, in the Netherlands, Jamaica, US, and Japan the reason for increased child sex trafficking is due to the culture that supports sex traffic markets. The author also proposed several interventions such as practice and agency-based responses and the need for awareness among people to reduce child sex trafficking.

Litam, Stacey Diane A. "Human Sex Trafficking in America: What Counselors Need to Know." Professional Counselor 7.1 (2017): 45-61.

The author Stacey in her research paper discussed the social justice issue of human sex trafficking. According to her, sex trafficking is a form of modern slavery. Furthermore, she highlighted several factors that are the reason for the widespread of this issue. The author discussed the association of location with sex trafficking. The author highlighted that people belonging from third world countries are the ones have a large supply of victims. This is because mostly underdeveloped countries due to poverty, war and other social crisis and therefore sex traffickers can lure victims by promising them a safe future. The author also discussed inter and intrapersonal risk factors. According to her females are more likely to become a target of sex traffickers due to their huge demand. Thus, there is a need to treat the victims of sex trafficking effectively to help them cope up with the trauma.

Market, Finding‘Common Ground’in Drug, et al. "Sex Trafficking: Identifying Cases and Victims."

The author Robert Moody in his research paper discussed the role of law enforcement agencies in mitigating the issue of sex trafficking. According to the author, although congress created laws regarding sex trafficking yet still the issue is prevailing in our society. In these circumstances, there is an immense need to educate and aware of law enforcement agencies regarding this issue. The author provided examples of several case studies in which police officers had encounters with the sex traffickers many times but were failed to identify them. Due to this reason many sex traffickers were not caught red-handedly on time. This because of a lack of awareness and plan. According to the author, many sex traffickers were caught due to the information provided by the anonymous. Thus, developing a proper confidential system and educating law enforcement officers can help to prevent sex trafficking.

Sanchez, Rosario, and Sharon W. Stark. "The hard truth about human trafficking." Nursing management 45.1 (2014): 18-23.

The author Rosario along with her fellow researcher Sharon in described sex trafficking as modern slavery in her article According to the author, victims of sex trafficking are only subjected to sexual abuse but they had to face emotional and physical abuse as well. This results in serious health issue especially, child victims are more to develop several mental disorders when they are subjected to reduce. Additionally, forensic nurses can help a lot in improving the health of the victims however law enforcement agencies must educate people regarding this issue as well. According to the author, several policies are there that can reduce sex trafficking yet there is a need for collective efforts from both law enforcement agencies, healthcare departments, and communities to mitigate the issue of sex trafficking.

Samarasinghe, Vidyamali, and Barbara Burton. "Strategising prevention: A critical review of local initiatives to prevent female sex trafficking." Development in Practice 17.1 (2007): 51-64.

The author vidyamali along with her fellow researchers discussed several local initiatives to prevent female sex trafficking. According to the author, due to macro-economic reforms, females can attain new paid jobs that also increased women’s mobility across the borders. However, owing to the economic vulnerabilities, sex traffickers are exploiting women by luring them and promising them to get highly paid jobs. Furthermore, the author focused on the prevention of sex trafficking by recommending, anti-trafficking training sessions for both law enforcement officials and community people so that people can get awareness regarding this issue. Specifically, females residing in third world countries must be educated so that they can protect themselves from sex traffickers.

Wilson, Jeremy M., and Erin Dalton. "Human trafficking in the heartland: Variation in law enforcement awareness and response." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 24.3 (2008): 296-313.

The author Jeremy in his research paper discussed the characteristics of human trafficking for sexual exploitation. The author further limited the research by selecting states like Ohio, Columbus and Toledo to determine the causes of sex trafficking and the role of law enforcement officials in each state. The author discussed five different cases and observed that in most of the sex trafficking cases victims were largely from the local area. In contrast, human trafficking for forced labor include victims belonging from foreign countries. The author suggested that there is a need to refine old law enforcement departmental policies and also improved collaboration above different departments of law enforcement agencies to crack down against the sex-traffickers.

Works Cited

Breuil, Brenda Carina Oude, et al. "Human trafficking revisited: legal, enforcement and ethnographic narratives on sex trafficking to Western Europe." Trends in Organized Crime 14.1 (2011): 30-46.

Davy, Deanna. "Anti–human trafficking interventions: how do we know if they are working?." American journal of evaluation 37.4 (2016): 486-504.

Kotrla, Kimberly. "Domestic minor sex trafficking in the United States." Social work 55.2 (2010): 181-187.

Litam, Stacey Diane A. "Human Sex Trafficking in America: What Counselors Need to Know." Professional Counselor 7.1 (2017): 45-61.

Market, Finding‘Common Ground’in Drug, et al. "Sex Trafficking: Identifying Cases and Victims."

Sanchez, Rosario, and Sharon W. Stark. "The hard truth about human trafficking." Nursing management 45.1 (2014): 18-23.

Samarasinghe, Vidyamali, and Barbara Burton. "Strategising prevention: A critical review of local initiatives to prevent female sex trafficking." Development in Practice 17.1 (2007): 51-64.

Wilson, Jeremy M., and Erin Dalton. "Human trafficking in the heartland: Variation in law enforcement awareness and response." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 24.3 (2008): 296-313.

Subject: English

Pages: 3 Words: 900

How Can The Sex Trafficking Rate Be Reduced In Communities By Law Enforcement And What Actions Are Necessary To Make Them Possible?

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Sex-Trafficking

Outline

Introduction

Hook: Sex-trafficking is an international social problem that gives rise to illegal trade and crimes in a society.

Transition: Many people are becoming victims of sex trafficking as the traffickers use several tactics to perform this crime.

Thesis Statement: Sex trafficking is the gravest issue in the United States that can be controlled through proper policymaking, education, and awareness.

People involved in this Crime

The rate of people involved in sex-trafficking in the United States

The group of people that is at more risk to get involved in sex-trafficking

Causes

Reasons for the rise of this horrible crime in society

The tactics used by the traffickers to get people involved in this crime

Theories and Effects

The two theories on sex-trafficking (the socioeconomic theory and the feminist theory)

Effects of this issue in the psychological and social lives of people and on the whole nation

Reduction of this crime

The steps that can be taken by the government to reduce sex trafficking and create awareness among people about this rising issue.

Conclusion

The growing epidemic of sex trafficking should be controlled as it is largely exploiting the nation.

Works Cited ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY

Beck, Megan E., et al. “Medical Providers’ Understanding of Sex Trafficking and Their Experience With At-Risk Patients.” Pediatrics, vol. 135, no. 4, Apr. 2015, pp. e895–902. pediatrics.aappublications.org, doi:10.1542/peds.2014-2814.

Subject: English

Pages: 1 Words: 300

Is Welfare Is The Best Way To Eliminate Poverty?

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Is Welfare the Best Way to Eliminate Poverty?

Poverty is an issue that is persistent and prevalent in many parts of the world. In America, more than 48 million people live a life of poverty and that includes one in every child. Only 1/3 of the people that are born in the abyss of the income ladder make it to the middle rung. In The work responsibility reconciliation act of 1996 basic changes were made in the federal system of public assistance in America. It particularly bound the admissibility of refugee families to obtain many sorts of assistance. In the country many of the welfare programs run as in the rest of the countries, to assist the poor. These programs extend aid and assistance to the poor, low-income families and individuals. Though the programs aim at reducing the poverty and to help the poor, however, there still is a question that raises from many fractions of the society, and that is whether or not the welfare helps remove poverty. The answer is that welfare though provides the temporarily support to the needy and the poor people yet for the long term benefits it does not seem to work.

There is considerable proof that welfare obstructs development against insufficiency. In a lot of the countries, the welfare programs actually increased the rates of poverty than to decrease them. The policy of those governments needs to be revised as they are not meeting the requirements. As Walter Williams says, lecturer of economics at George Mason University, that sentiments based strategy needs unemotional study of effects of policy. Examination of welfare displays it to be problematic for poverty, instead of a solution.

Many of the social scientists, politicians, and people who support the welfare government rely on the welfare programs in some measure since they consider social-welfare plans benefit to decrease the occurrence of poverty. However, a mounting sum of critics emphasizes that these programs in actual fact flop reduce poverty, as too trivial a part of transfers essentially stretches to the poor, or for the reason that these programs make a welfare/poverty con, or because they deteriorate the economy ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"neaVjUIT","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Kenworthy)","plainCitation":"(Kenworthy)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":80,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/M64HQ7VQ"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/M64HQ7VQ"],"itemData":{"id":80,"type":"article-journal","title":"Do Social-Welfare Policies Reduce Poverty? A Cross-National Assessment","container-title":"Social Forces","page":"1119-1139","volume":"77","issue":"3","source":"JSTOR","archive":"JSTOR","abstract":"[Most social scientists, policymakers, and citizens who support the welfare state do so in part because they believe social-welfare programs help to reduce the incidence of poverty. Yet a growing number of critics assert that such programs in fact fail to decrease poverty, because too small a share of transfers actually reaches the poor, or because such programs create a welfare/poverty trap, or because they weaken the economy. This study assesses the effects of social-welfare policy extensiveness on poverty rates across fifteen affluent industrialized nations over the period 1960-91, using both absolute and relative measures of poverty. The results strongly support the conventional view that social-welfare programs reduce poverty.]","URL":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3005973","DOI":"10.2307/3005973","ISSN":"0037-7732","shortTitle":"Do Social-Welfare Policies Reduce Poverty?","author":[{"family":"Kenworthy","given":"Lane"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1999"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",5,13]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Kenworthy).

Afore becoming the leading contender for the Republican presidential nomination, Ben Carson showed up on The View to talk welfare modification a matter that carries on to be discussed in GOP spheres on and off the movement track. He claimed that the social security net could create dependence on America's deprived class. the good thing is that mounting proof all around the world proposes there is a modest proposal for a safety-net scheme that might not cause reliance and can aid boost folks up and out of poverty.

There are three basic problems regarding the issue of poverty. The first one is that poverty can only be overcome when people are self-sufficient. Even if they live temporarily in the acceptable standard of financial status and are dependent upon the assistance provided by the others, it is not the permanent solution. The second thing is that the production brings prosperity. The yield or production needs to be produced and increased constantly for the prosperity and the development to come to the door. If the process of increase in the production stops, the way to prosperity and the higher level of overall well-being also stops. The third and the last thing is that the way to prosperity demands long-term strategy and the methods that are not temporary and have short term effects. When we apply this very ides to the programs that are offering the welfare to the poor people, we come to realize that these programs make the people less self-sufficient and more dependent, which the way that further pushes them away from the path of prosperity ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"QooGRNb7","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jr)","plainCitation":"(Jr)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":76,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/3MQBQLVC"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/3MQBQLVC"],"itemData":{"id":76,"type":"webpage","title":"Does Welfare Diminish Poverty? | Howard Baetjer, Jr.","URL":"https://fee.org/articles/does-welfare-diminish-poverty/","shortTitle":"Does Welfare Diminish Poverty?","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Jr","given":"Howard Baetjer"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1984",4,1]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",5,13]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jr).

The 1st failure of welfare plans is to errand help with existing depletion while employing practically no stress on job preparation or whatsoever new that may let today’s deprived people become independent in the upcoming. Most of the states have been safeguarding renunciations from the Obama management so as to people on numerous welfare plans (such as SNAP, what used to be called food stamps), is not required to either the work or go to occupation training courses with the intention of continuing to obtain assistance. It is short-sighted as it makes individuals reliant on government welfares ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"65HGTJkM","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Dorfman)","plainCitation":"(Dorfman)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":78,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/RR564MFC"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/RR564MFC"],"itemData":{"id":78,"type":"webpage","title":"Welfare Offers Short-Term Help And Long-Term Poverty, Thanks To Asset Tests","container-title":"Forbes","abstract":"The federal government has over 100 welfare programs that collectively do an excellent job of ensuring that people have sufficient resources to maintain a decent standard of living. Unfortunately, those same programs act in ways that make it harder for welfare recipients to escape the welfare system and become self-sufficient.","URL":"https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffreydorfman/2016/10/13/welfare-offers-short-term-help-and-long-term-poverty/","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Dorfman","given":"Jeffrey"}],"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",5,13]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Dorfman). The 2nd failure of government welfare schemes is the shared condition to have negligible possessions to be qualified for aid. Even though a lot of states have eradicated their asset assessments, still they continue in nearly one dozen states and can be so low as $1500. Although it gives the impression to be sensible to refute well-being profits to, say, a superannuated pair with fewer earnings but 2 million dollars in belongings, it does not seem right to push individuals to run through almost all their possessions afore giving them assistance. By making the receivers of welfare so fiscally insubstantial, we guarantee that slightly petite unanticipated economic holdup will be very destructive. The 3rd weakness in these welfare schemes is the way that assistance ends when the receiver’s salary rises. As a family’s salary reaches the deficiency mark and increases above it, families on numerous welfare schemes may essentially face real peripheral tax amounts of 50 or 60 %. Which actually means that the mixture of levies allocated on new wages and aids have gone for the reason that of the growing salary makes the household to lose 50 to 60 % of its original salary gain to the centralized government.

To put it simply, a deprived domestic trying their best to avoid poverty pays an operative border line levy rate that is significantly greater than a middle class domestic and greater than or approximately equivalent to the bordering income tax rate of a household in the highest one %. Keeping these facts our central income tax organization is supposed to advance, meaning higher earnings people pay a higher proportion of that salary in levies, it is ridiculous to force such extraordinary tax rates on folks in poverty.

Life is not the same for every one of us, as some of us are more fortunate than the others. Not everyone gets to seek the same level of education nor all of us live the same life, as the discrimination prevails and it is the reality of life. Every so often the persons we blame for 'taking advantage' of welfare have in fact beforehand been unsuccessful by our people. Some of these people may be of the kind that take the advantage of the others, but not all of them are alike and everyone is definitely not the same. We should not punish all of them for just a few people. The fact is that the welfare is given to those who actually need that, so we should not be judgmental, but it is not beneficial for them even. As they need our long term help and for that they need to be trained to work and to get the job trainings so that they can have a prosperous life ahead ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"27ratWVD","properties":{"formattedCitation":"({\\i{}Debate Topic: Welfare Should Be Abolished | Debate.Org})","plainCitation":"(Debate Topic: Welfare Should Be Abolished | Debate.Org)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":82,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/VZN3WXNZ"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/VZN3WXNZ"],"itemData":{"id":82,"type":"webpage","title":"Debate Topic: Welfare Should be Abolished | Debate.org","URL":"https://www.debate.org/debates/Welfare-Should-be-Abolished/2/","accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",5,13]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Debate Topic: Welfare Should Be Abolished | Debate.Org).

At the beginning of the American welfare state president, Franklin D. proposed social security and aid to the poor children. After 60 years the dependency of the deprived still continues and the failure of the program is evident. Welfare is the consequence as well as the cause of many of the conditions, that are known as social pathologies ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"R2Jw59HN","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Niskanen)","plainCitation":"(Niskanen)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":84,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/QMUX7A5Q"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/QMUX7A5Q"],"itemData":{"id":84,"type":"article-journal","title":"Welfare and the Culture of Poverty","container-title":"Cato Journal","page":"1","volume":"16","URL":"https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/catoj16&id=3&div=&collection=","journalAbbreviation":"Cato J.","author":[{"family":"Niskanen","given":"William A."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1996"]],"season":"1997"}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Niskanen). America every year spends about 1 trillion$ for the fight against poverty. The spending on the welfare programs increased in the era of George W. Bush, and even more, raised in the regime of Obama. Despite the increase in the welfare programs, the rats often poverty are the same almost as they were when the programs started. This clearly shows that the state is throwing the resources in the wrong direction ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"YAyaq8JX","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tanner)","plainCitation":"(Tanner)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":86,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/23QWJJCN"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/CyMh1xNF/items/23QWJJCN"],"itemData":{"id":86,"type":"report","title":"The American Welfare State: How We Spend Nearly $1 Trillion a Year Fighting Poverty — and Fail","publisher":"Social Science Research Network","publisher-place":"Rochester, NY","genre":"SSRN Scholarly Paper","source":"papers.ssrn.com","event-place":"Rochester, NY","abstract":"News that the poverty rate has risen to 15.1 percent of Americans, the highest level in nearly a decade, has set off a predictable round of calls for increased government spending on social welfare programs. Yet this year the federal government will spend more than $668 billion on at least 126 different programs to fight poverty. And that does not even begin to count welfare spending by state and local governments, which adds $284 billion to that figure. In total, the United States spends nearly $1 trillion every year to fight poverty. That amounts to $20,610 for every poor person in America, or $61,830 per poor family of three. Welfare spending increased significantly under President George W. Bush and has exploded under President Barack Obama. In fact, since President Obama took office, federal welfare spending has increased by 41 percent, more than $193 billion per year. Despite this government largess, more than 46 million Americans continue to live in poverty. Despite nearly $15 trillion in total welfare spending since Lyndon Johnson declared war on poverty in 1964, the poverty rate is perilously close to where we began more than 40 years ago. Clearly we are doing something wrong. Throwing money at the problem has neither reduced poverty nor made the poor self-sufficient. It is time to reevaluate our approach to fighting poverty. We should focus less on making poverty more comfortable and more on creating the prosperity that will get people out of poverty.","URL":"https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2226525","number":"ID 2226525","shortTitle":"The American Welfare State","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Tanner","given":"Michael"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2012"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",5,13]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tanner).

Poverty is one of the major issues as it directly affects society and gives rise to many other problems, such as crimes. The stats show that the welfare programs that are offered for the reduction of the poverty actually do nothing but to give the temporary relief and in long term they actually deteriorate the situation, as the people become lazy and dependent on the state. To sort out a long-term solution for the prosperity the government needs to take the steps to make the people self-sufficient rather than just providing them.

Works Cited

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Debate Topic: Welfare Should Be Abolished | Debate.Org. https://www.debate.org/debates/Welfare-Should-be-Abolished/2/. Accessed 13 May 2019.

Dorfman, Jeffrey. “Welfare Offers Short-Term Help And Long-Term Poverty, Thanks To Asset Tests.” Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffreydorfman/2016/10/13/welfare-offers-short-term-help-and-long-term-poverty/. Accessed 13 May 2019.

Jr, Howard Baetjer. Does Welfare Diminish Poverty? | Howard Baetjer, Jr. 1 Apr. 1984, https://fee.org/articles/does-welfare-diminish-poverty/.

Kenworthy, Lane. “Do Social-Welfare Policies Reduce Poverty? A Cross-National Assessment.” Social Forces, vol. 77, no. 3, 1999, pp. 1119–39. JSTOR, JSTOR, doi:10.2307/3005973.

Niskanen, William A. “Welfare and the Culture of Poverty.” Cato Journal, vol. 16, 1997 1996, p. 1, https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/catoj16&id=3&div=&collection=.

Tanner, Michael. The American Welfare State: How We Spend Nearly $1 Trillion a Year Fighting Poverty — and Fail. SSRN Scholarly Paper, ID 2226525, Social Science Research Network, 2012. papers.ssrn.com, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2226525.

Subject: English

Pages: 5 Words: 1500

Issue Proposal Peer Review

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Issue Proposal

Poverty is a social evil that affects the society and its people negatively. There are many causes of this social issue. The main causes are unemployment, social injustice, illiteracy, natural disasters, and overpopulation. The changing trends in the economy of a country also cause poverty. It affects society and people in such a way that they end up trapped for the whole life. The highest-ranked among the effects of poverty is the Crime rate in society. When a person is unable to make both ends meet, he tries to earn and fulfill his needs through illegal means. It gives rise to terrorism and fuels a state of misery and frustration in the nation. The issue of inequality arises in society due to poverty and it creates a lot of social tensions and differences among people. Measures should be taken to cut down this social evil and create peace in the country. The best way is to create jobs so that most of the population can fulfill the basic needs and live a contented life. The minimum wage should be raised to reduce poverty. More people should be educated so that they know the difference between right and wrong and prevent illegal means of earning. A proper criminal justice system should be reformed to serve the barriers of poverty in a society. There is nothing impossible in cutting down poverty. The government should take necessary steps to increase economic security and provide opportunities to the middle and lower class.

Subject: English

Pages: 1 Words: 300

Issue Proposal Peer Review

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Issue Proposal Peer Review

Peer Review 1

1. What issue is presented? Explain the "exigence" or problem surrounding the issue. Write out the central question posed by the writer. 

The importance of music education in the education system is the issue presented in the peer draft. The school systems do not look upon the music education the way they consider sports and other co-curricular and extra-curricular activities important. The writer poses a question why music education is important in all school systems.

2. Explain why the issue is compelling to the writer.

The issue is compelling to the writer because most people now days are not aware of the importance of music education. They consider it a distraction from the academics and do not see any point of including it in the education system.

3. Explain what the writer knows about this issue.

The writer believes that people have no imagination that is why they are unaware of the benefits that music provides to the learners. It instills creativity, teamwork, intellectual skills, and discipline in them. According to most people, music cannot offer what academic education can offer them. In other words, they consider it a waste of time.

4. Explain some more that the writer needs to learn about this issue.

The writer needs to mention and appreciate those who are in favor of music education. They believe that music trains the brains to work better.

5. What other suggestions for revision (such as spelling, grammar, structure, readable, etc.) do you have for the writer? 

Revision of the draft should be done, as there are spelling errors that need to be corrected.

Peer Review 2

1. What issue is presented? Explain the "exigence" or problem surrounding the issue. Write out the central question posed by the writer. 

The writer in this draft presents the issue of gun control. People are freely allowed to carry guns with them in the country but this can lead to very serious issues.

2. Explain why the issue is compelling to the writer.

The issue is compelling to the writer because he has two boys that makes him worry constantly for them and the problems that may arise if someday the guns are used other than some safety purpose.

3. Explain what the writer knows about this issue.

The writer states the issue of gun control and the problems that may arise if the purchase of guns is not limited by the government. He has mentioned enough details regarding this issue and is trying to convince the readers to have a proper law for the control of gun purchase and use.

4. Explain what more the writer needs to learn about this issue.

The writer needs to focus on examples of the problems that have arisen due to the purchase and use of guns to a larger extent.

5. What other suggestions for revision (such as spelling, grammar, structure, readable, etc.) do you have for the writer? 

The draft must be revised as it contains some grammar and spelling errors that are affecting the structure of sentences.

Subject: English

Pages: 1 Words: 300

Macbeth Is A Sociopath

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Thesis: Macbeth is a sociopath

Introduction

Sociopathy is a disorder associated with antisocial tendencies in a person. A person going through this disorder lacks attributes of normality which are required to live in a society. Such a person lacks empathy, sympathy, and feelings for others. In this thesis, the life of a sociopath whose name was Macbeth is discussed. Macbeth is a character from Shakespeare's play namely, the ‘Tragedy of Macbeth’. He is a Scottish army general and is very brave and ruthless. His life is characterized by violence and an urge for supremacy over others. He would not care about killing anyone who may come in his path of power and rule because he is a sociopath and has lost all the feelings of mercy and empathy. His wife Lady Macbeth is also a furious and violent lady who is the helper and counselor of her husband. According to this poem, Macbeth receives a prophecy from the trio of witches that one day, he will become the ruler of the Scotland. Blinded by the lust of power and frenzy of rule and also driven and motivated by his wife, he killed the king of Scotland. After killing the king, he occupied the throne of the king as per the prophecy.

Following are some of the famous quotes from Shakespeare’s Macbeth: 

“Look like the innocent flower, but be the serpent under ‘t.” (Shakespeare)

– Lady Macbeth (Act I, Scene V)

In this phrase, Lady Macbeth is trying to convince her husband to behave like an ideal host and receive King Duncan warmly. Actually, she was planning the murder of the King and wanted her husband to deceive him so that she could kill the King successfully. Therefore, she tells her husband (Macbeth) “to look like an innocent flower but be like the serpent which hides underneath it”.

“Yet do I fear thy nature, It is too full o’ thy’ milk of human kindness to catch the nearest way.” (Shakespeare)

– Lady Macbeth (Act I, Scene V)

Lady Macbeth receives a letter from her husband. This letter mentioned the details of the prophecy performed by witches which tells that the next king would be Macbeth. Lady Macbeth is very excited but at the same time afraid of the fact that her husband is too ‘full of the milk of human kindness’, to adopt the shortest path to the crown which would be to murder the king.

“There’s daggers in men’s smiles. The near in blood, The nearer bloody.” (Shakespeare)

– Donalbain (Act II, Scene III)

In this line, the younger son of Duncan (Past King) is telling his brother that the murderer of their father is present in this crowd of people, gathered here for his funeral. By saying this phrase, ‘daggers are present in men’s smile’, he has probably referred to the hounds which indicate that when a person smiles, it is signifying that not everyone who acts friendly is a friend. ‘The near in blood, the nearer bloody’ warns the people to stay alert and don’t put their trust in somebody just because he treats you with kindness and love. People may cheat and once they are trusted by someone, they may betray them at the right moment.

Conclusion

Macbeth was blinded by lust of power and gone through the mental disorder called a sociopath. He had all the symptoms, sociopath possess including, untruthfulness and insincerity, lack of guilt, shame or any kind of rumors that one can feel after committing a crime. He killed the king to occupy his throne and then became so obsessed with it that he started killing anyone who may become a potential threat to his king. Sometimes when one achieves something, instead of satisfaction he may start living in the continuous fear of losing it. To retain the power gained by oppression, he continued oppressing others until he became a sociopath.

Works Cited

Shakespeare, William. The tragedy of Macbeth. Vol. 2. Classic Books Company, 2001.

Subject: English

Pages: 2 Words: 600

Memoir/Personal Narrative (create A Title)

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Title: Best High School Memory

Memories are a vital component of human life. They shape personality and impact us in several different ways. Memories can be good and bad; some remind us of our tough days and some take us to or cheerful days. Memoirs also help us shape our lives, besides these shape our future and lives as well. School life is a golden period of learning; its significance can never be negated. Every student has some good and bad memories pertaining to school life. As of me, they are a treasure and the joys of school life are just incomparable. School life is a time that offered me a great learning experience and shaped what I am today. This essay shares one of the most significant memories of my school life that; it remained that taught me dedication, motivation, and hard work.

Let me engage you in one of the most significant memories of my life, something I never get tired talking about and something that still set me on fire. It was in the 5th grade and the time of my life where most of the learning occurs that leaves an everlasting impact on one's life. This memory of my school life stood out all the other reminiscences I made as a student. I had never been a performing student but after immense motivation from my parents, 5th grade was the start of my academic prowess. For the first time, I started getting no C's on my report cards. I started getting A's and B's much to my parent's delight. 5th grade was when I jumped on the "Straight A" train for the first time and completely "A" my way through that year. 6th grade came and I was on the straight-A roll until a history class put me at risk for breaking that streak.

I took one of the tests that introduced a new element that I’ve never seen. That element was the essay question. The essay question now seems a standard, but imagine looking at one from the eyes of a 6th grader. I was petrified and in that test, I got a very poor grade and showed it to my mom. My mom asked me, “Why didn’t you answer the question?” I responded with, “I didn’t know the answer.” My mom was baffled as she looked through the rest of the test and discovered that the essay question was the only thing I missed.

Before the next test, the teacher always talked about academic progress. When she talked to me, she gave me some news that I didn't expect to hear. "Mya, you have a B in history. You have a very low score. What you get on the next test will be your ending grade for the term." I uttered loudly, "I will definitely get an A in the next test." The younger version of me was very determined and responded in a firm tone. I realized that everyone was looking at me with a surprise and got familiar with the challenge I took in front of the whole class. However, the young version of me hasn't lived to those expectations, yet.

In the coming days, the teacher gave us example essay questions for our understanding before two weeks of the actual deadline of the test. I was all set, from day one I got the essay questions, I started preparing for it. I grabbed my textbook long before the actual textbook and spent the next time reading, writing and practicing. I refused to have the essay question mess me up. Once I wrote the key essays down in my notebook, I ripped the pages out of the notebook and taped the answer to my closet door. Every morning and every night for three weeks straight, I looked at the essays, their thesis statement and by the time the test came around, I knew precisely what do I have to write in my essay questions and in what manner.

As always, my hard work and effort paid off. I was able to score a direct 100% on the essay. When I got my essay back in class, I yelled, “Yeah! I did it”. The test was for sure not an easy one as expected, and therefore I was some faced staring at me with envy. I did not pay any attention; everyone felt I lost my mind but I was just pumped up. This was not the end of the story but there was much more than made this memory settle down in my head. The very next week, we had a ceremony in the school in recognition of the excellent academic performance of the students. My teacher praised me in front of my parents; my mom was smiling with pride. The moment I was awarded, my hand shook and the next moment was very magical for me.

My teacher stayed there and proceeded to tell the entire school and parents the following, “I want you all to hear the story of this guy story. I told him, based on his previous performance that he will not be able to score well in the next test. He said to me, “I will definitely get an A in the next test.” He was very determined and to your surprise, let me tell you, he got 100% on the test as he promised to himself.” The next moment I heard wows, ohhhs, and similar sounds. It was the day I enjoyed the fruit of my hard work. Now I understood, “Success is not about the end result but what it taught on the way.”

Subject: English

Pages: 3 Words: 900

Navigating Genres

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Navigating Genres

Introduction

In the essay, “Navigating Genres” by the renowned writer Kerry Dirk, a genre is more of a category used in writing. The creation of a writing piece pertains to vast characteristics and carry the notion that a certain type of formula should be followed. As an authentic writer, an individual should firstly understand and choose a genre that to pursue throughout the writing. In reading and comprehending Dirk’s work, a few questions were answered using the text. These questions include; what is Dirk saying about the nature of rhetorical genres? Which genres do you follow most closely? What are the hallmarks of these communication types? What, in your view, are the important components of the advertising genre? What about the contemporary speech or verbal address? The answers given were developed from “Navigating Genres” to retain the essay’s subjectivity.

Body

Genres have evolved over the years obtaining new meaning and perception from both readers and writers. Rhetorical genres are based on the nature of things or the convention of the writer. According to Dirk, the comparable day-to-day situations guide the creativity of a writer interested to utilize the rhetoric genre. Not only are rhetoric forms generated form these situations, but the writer is also able to obtain; grammar, style, and vocabulary. Currently, genres are perceived as repeating rhetorical forms that occur in part of our day to day endeavors. ”The definition of genre has changed even more since Bitzer’s article was written; genres are now viewed as even more than repeating rhetorical situations. Carolyn Miller, a leading professor in the field of technical communication, argues that “a rhetorically sound definition of genre must be centered . . . on the action, it is used to accomplish” (Dirk, 249)

Knowing what a genre is considered a prerequisite for any writer. The rhetorical genres have power over vast activities that can be innate or abstract. For instance, the utilization of a specific genre in writing can assist individuals to attain goals that may be unattainable through verbal means. The awareness of different genres helps one to be versatile and more functional when it comes to expressing oneself. “Learning about genres and how they function is more important than mastering one particular genre”. (Dirk, 259) Readers can treat texts as rhetorical objects since they already know that context can elicit some type of response in them. It is, therefore, a necessity for writers to familiarize themselves with the right type of rhetoric genre which helps in creating texts that stimulate their target response.

Before genres were viewed as rhetoric, there was a negative notion about them. However, research and other efforts have helped them to receive a positive notion in the writing industry whereby they are viewed as an aid for writers in making relevant decisions before developing a creative text. “But on a brighter note, genres also help us to make more efficient decisions when writing, as we can see how people have approached similar situations. Creating a new genre each time that writing was required would make the writing process much longer, as we would not have past responses to help us with present ones.” (Dirk 252)

The genres that I follow closely have to do with adventure and creative imagination. My most profound genres are; Drama, Science Fiction abbreviated as (Sci-fi) and crime fiction. The particular aspect that makes me obliged to read texts that apply these particular genres is the level of creativity and language used in these texts.

Drama is a genre through which an author creates fictional representations that are performed in the texts. A writer can choose to dramatize a fiction or non-fiction narrative, which makes the text more interesting. A dramatic text could be in the form of a; play, mime, ballet or an opera. The most common form used in texts is the ‘play’ form. Science fiction (Sci-fi) is a modern rhetorical genre that mainly deals with futuristic concepts or imaginative themes related to advanced science and technology. Sub-genres found in this fiction are mostly superhero fiction, fantasy, and horror. Lastly, the crime fiction genre is a common rhetorical genre that has been applied over the years by authors. The narration in this genre deal with; murder, mystery, detective stories, and investigation theatrics.

In my view, there are important components found in the following genres; advertising, contemporary speech and verbal address. The advertising genre is driven towards attaining a specific objective that is sales. Primary components include; persuasive language, promotional themes, and eye-catching headlines. A contemporary speech is common in most functions and is mostly read from written text. The text should have; a grabber, subject, perfect structure and themes that convey the target message. Verbal addresses ought to have the following components included perfectly depending on one’s audience; standard grammar, voice tone, voice speed, and diction.

Conclusion

In choosing a rhetorical genre, a writer should choose that which creates a desired result from the target audience. One should be aware of the various writing genres to improve writing skills. In my opinion, Dirk did a remarkable job in teaching writers about genres and there are a few lessons that I obtained which I can apply in creating texts.

Sources

Dirk, Kerry. "Navigating genres." writingspaces (2010): 249.

Subject: English

Pages: 3 Words: 900

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Crossing Brooklyn Ferry

“Crossing Brooklyn Ferry” is a poem written by Walt Whitman and published in the second edition of Leaves of Grass in 1856. The poem was published in its original state, but it was edited, revised and even retitled in the later versions of the book.

In the poem, the poet has used many brilliant expressions and phrases that explain the philosophy behind the actual words. The poem is about life; the uncertainty of life and how the people in lie come and go. The poet wants to remind us that how short this life is by giving the example of a ferry and the passengers as the people who get on it as the people who come in your life and go.

The poem makes use of the two important places as references. One of them is mentioned in the very title of the poem “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry." The poem mentions in it that a ferry that starts from Brooklyn end its Journey in London. The two places are very far apart; in fact, both are in different continents. Brooklyn is in New York, situated in the United States of America. And London is in located in England. The London Bridge, in 1857 has been described as a tall and vast bridge with big and strong walls. On the other hand, Brooklyn has been described as a prosperous and thriving place where the ships and ferries used to come and get parked, with the sailors working all the time on the docks. The poet has explained the hustle and bustle of the city in the following words “Crowds of women and men, attired in usual costumes," and at another instance, “On the ferry boats, the hundreds and hundreds that cross” (Whitman). This feature of bot these places is still present at these places that they are very thriving and busy.

Works Cited

Walt Whitman. “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry.” Leaves of Grass. 1867.

Electronic Text Center. University of Virginia Library, 2000. 23 February 2006. http://etext.virginia.edu.

Subject: English

Pages: 1 Words: 300

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