Business Analysis 2

Smith Transportation

Name of student

Name of institution

Data Analysis

The work that has been done so far includes the following two models. These models have been put in place to see the breakdown of the life cycle costs and to analyze the various factors affecting the costs associated with the maintenance of the vehicles. The study will only throw the light on the findings of various past studies that have taken place. These studies are analyzed in terms of the authors, the factors considered, the components in which the costs are broken, the factor range in terms of the $ per vehicle mile, types of vehicles included and the model used to analyze the data. All this information is provided in the following table

Source

Factor and component item

Factor Range $/ vehicle mile

Vehicle types studied

Model

Cohan et al

Fuel, oil, tires, maintenance

Automobiles0.025-0.039 gal /miles

Large vehicles0.23-0.4 gallon /mile

Others0.095-0.112 gallons /mile

Almost all types of vehicles. Van, car, truck and SUV

AASHTO red book

Zaniewski et al.

Fuel, oil, tires, maintenance, repair, depreciation.

$0.16 (1999)

4 Car types5 truck types

HERS

Zaniewski et al.

Fuel, oil, tires, maintenance, repair, depreciation.

0.18-0.33 (1996)

Car, truck bus

StratBenCost

STRIDE

Electrical and Mechanical

127000/year

3 tonne 4 X 4 trucks

RELEX

Barnes

Fuel, maintenance, tires and depreciation

15.3/mile19.2/mile43.4/Mile

AutomobilePickup/Van/SUVCommercial

Intellichoice

Studied Research

Mileage, fuel, spare parts, tires, battery

3 ton trucks

Regression

Conclusion

The overall process to ascertain the costs associated to the fleet of vehicles is complicated. In order to make some arguments related to the costs calculation, the researchers have to look deeply in the various aspects of the process. They will have to mark out the major factors that have caused the increase in costs of maintenance. After pointing out the major factors, the researcher will be able to calculate the costs of maintaining the vehicles. The repairing costs are subdivided into the cost of spare parts, battery, engine and the labor work. The environment and the external factors also have an important impact on the cost determinants. This study has undertaken a vast review of literature to identify the cost components as well as the factors affecting the maintenance costs. There are certain variables that are more important than others in deciding the costs of maintenance. The important variables identified are fuel consumption, tires, battery and mileage. According to the usage, some variables are different among different kinds of vehicles. The research methods of management sciences, operations management or database management can be used to ascertain the costs. The models can be linear, exponential or power. Some of the software like CPLEX can also be used to find out the costs. The development of the model will serve many purposes for different users. The investors who want to buy vehicles fleet will know the exact amount of the yearly costs that the vehicles would need. Those who are already running some system will benefit by maintaining a proper record of the costs incurred. This will in turn allow these people to compare these costs with those considered best practices. The people who are running the systems will also be able to control the current costs. This study has shown the various studies with respect to the models used, components of costs and key factors in ascertaining the costs of vehicle maintenance. The vehicle cost calculation is not an easy task because the cost has a lot of different components. No single study has been able to describe all the factors that affect the matter. Thus the calculation of costs will require a comprehensive analysis. The fleet consists of various vehicles. Thus the researchers must indicate properly what type of vehicles they are studying.

Recommendations

The studies that have been examined show certain level of consistency. There are certain weaknesses that exist in the ascertainment of the truck maintenance costs. The further improvements in the selection of dependent variable is required. The reason for this is that the change in the dependent variable will give us the opportunity to study the relationships between certain different variables and assess the relative importance of the cost components. Some method should be devised that can be used to consider the impact of the external factors on the scenario. A factor that is of particular importance is the condition o roads on which the vehicle will be driven. The roads in bad condition can reduce the average life of the tires, engine and suspension. There should be enough amount of data and certain amount of time to ascertain the costs associated with the maintenance of vehicles. A more sophisticated database system is required to be developed that can store large pieces of data which will be used for research. Currently no data is available.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY Deshmukh, G. &. (2006). Maintenance management: literature review and directions. Journal of Quality in maintenance engineering. doi:10.1108/13552510610685075

Fatin Amirah Ahmed Shukri, R. M. (2013). An overview of fleet maintenance and operating cost:Key components and Methods. International journal of Commerce, business and management, 2(6).

Momcilovic, V. &. (2017). Influence of an integrated maintenance managementon the vehicle fleetenergy efficiency. Thermal Science. doi:10.2298/TSCI170209122V

Business Article

[Your Name]

[Instructor Name]

[Course Number]

[Date]

Business and Management: Business Article

Summary/Analysis

The press release chosen is a current business press published on 4 October 2019. The business press is about to communicate a business expansion through Product Development of the company called KPMG. The main purpose of the press is to analyze and convey the product development of the company where the company has launched an online assessment which enables families in the business to uncover a number of insights that would help them to thrive. According to the press released, the online assessment is a confidential online self-diagnostic assessment that evaluates the opinions of respondents about the importance of an issue to the family or businesses and how they feel capable and strong as a family and/or a business about addressing the problem or issue.

With this assessment tool, the company (KPMG) assists the families in businesses to gain more insight into the required skills and capabilities for the purpose of supporting their goals and objectives. Beyond that, they have been offered a comparison with other different family businesses with a number of similarities like generational span and/or industry sector, etc. (KPMG, N.P).

Impact

The impact of this launch by KPMG which is a Product Development on the company (KPMG) is much positive in several ways. It enables the company to generate more revenues as a result of this launch while it enables the company to increase the market share in the international as this product helps the company to gain more and new customers (family businesses). On another side, the impact on the consumers is highly credible because it enables family businesses to improve their businesses, businesses' operations, and accomplish their set and desired goals through gaining more insights into their capabilities regarding their businesses (KPMG, N.P). Beyond that, it also enables users to make comparisons with industry and other business which would help them to improve accordingly.

Work Cited

KPMG. "KPMG Launches Family Business Dynamics Assessment." KPMG. N. p., 2019. Web. 04 Oct. 2019.

Business Assignment

Computer and electronic category: Seiko Epson Corp

Student’s Name

Institution affiliated

Computer and electronic category: Seiko Epson Corp

Seiko Epson Corp is a Japanese company specializing in the development of printing solutions, wearables, communications, and industrial products. It is headquartered in Suwa-shi, Nagano, Japan

The United States is a favorite destination for many companies seeking to expand externally. This is due to the favorable business environment. Based on the PESTEL analysis of the US, it is easy to find the pros and cons of Seiko Epson expanding to the US. To start with, the US is a preferable destination thanks to its political and economic liberties. The US is the largest democracy with a good political environment. US Elections are free, fair, transparent, and conducted regularly (David, 2018). US remains a global economic leader with a good GDP. Importantly, the US has a large population with diverse sub-groups comprising blacks, Hispanics, Asians, Latinos, and whites. This population provides a substantial market (David, 2018). One main con of business expanding to the US is the legal constraints imposed by the government. There are stringent regulations barring migrants and people from visiting and working in the US.

There are emerging markets across the world potential for Seiko Epson Company to expand its market. These potential countries are Brazil and China. Based on their PESTEL both countries have high populations, politically stable, and strong technologies (Rahaman. 2019). Compared to China, Brazil has weaker technological development. However, existing tension and rivalries between China and Japan will make it difficult for Seiko Epson to expand to the Chinese market. The best country for Seiko Epson Company to expand to is Brazil due to its fastest-growing economy, and large population as well as favorable social factors.

In summary, the USA ranks second for Seiko to expand its markets. The best destination is Brazil and the third is China. Other potential countries include Russia, Britain, South Africa, and India, which rank consecutively. The reason for choosing Brazil is its fastest-growing economy, low labor costs, favorable political environment, and a high population providing a market for Seiko Epson (Rahman, 2019).

References

David, J (2018) PESTEL Analysis of USA. Retrieved 12 Oct, 2019 from https://www.howandwhat.net/pestel-analysis-usa/

Rahman, M (2019) PESTEL Analysis of Brazil. Retrieved 12 October, 2019 from https://www.howandwhat.net/pestel-analysis-brazil-brazil-pestel-analysis/

Business Blog Assignment

Business Blog Assignment

Tambo

[Institutional Affiliation(s)]

Author Note

Topic 1: Tariffs and China

Topic 2: United States, Mexico and Canada Agreement (USMCA)

Business Blog Assignment

Tariffs and China

Since the beginning of the tenure of President Trump, the US and the Chinese have locked horns in an ever-escalating trade war, imposing tariffs on each other. China seems to be winning due to its skilled workforce and larger population, but some steps can be taken from the United States to turn the tide in their favor. One of those should be making its dependence lesser on foreign products so that there is no need to impose such high tariffs on imported Chinese products CITATION Dan19 \l 3081 (Kopf, 2019). One of the ways it can be done by forcing one of the largest companies Apple, to bring all their manufacturing apparatus back with in the US. As the world's first company to hit a trillion-dollar worth CITATION Tim18 \l 3081 (Rooks, 2018), Apple has no shortage of capital needed to bring its complete operations in the territorial United States. This can be used to put pressure on China via the UN and create a lot of employment opportunities in the US in the process.

The USMCA

The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) is no doubt a great initiative, especially after the recent "Mexico Wall" standoff between different factions of the government. The Democrats view this as a shady venture as they have several reservations on the agreement, which still makes its ratification pending in the US Congress CITATION And19 \l 3081 (Andrea Shalal, 2019). The most obvious concern posed by the Democrats is the Labor wages in the car industry among the three states. The lowest car worker wages are in Mexico, so naturally, all the work will be diverted to the Mexican car manufacturers CITATION Cam18 \l 3081 (Campbell, 2018). I would like to suggest that there should be a new standard implemented in this regard. Instead of monetary standards, there should be a fixed number of percentage of workers allocated to the industry from each country. This will not only render the need for making the Mexican Wall unless, but also curtail the need for spending millions of dollars on the strict measures of containing Coyotes on the Mexican Border.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY Andrea Shalal, R. C. (2019, November 21). House Democrats see progress on U.S.-Mexico-Canada trade deal, passage possible this year. Reuters, pp. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trade-usmca/house-democrats-see-progress-on-u-s-mexico-canada-trade-deal-passage-possible-this-year-idUSKBN1XV1Z8.

Campbell, A. F. (2018). Trump's new deal is better than NAFTA was, but obstacles remain. VOX.

Kopf, D. (2019, July 30). The US will have a hard time not getting these products from China. Quartz.com, pp. https://qz.com/1654798/these-are-the-products-the-us-is-most-reliant-on-china-for/.

Rooks, T. (2018, August 2). Apple is the world's first trillion-dollar company. DW, pp. https://www.dw.com/en/apple-is-the-worlds-first-trillion-dollar-company/a-44931038.

Business Career Fair Memo Report

Business Career Fair Memo Report

[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees]

[Institutional Affiliation(s)]

Author Note

[Include any grant/funding information and a complete correspondence address.]

Business Career Fair Memo Report

Date: September 25th, 2019

To:

From:

Subject: Business Career Fair Memo Report

I attended the Business Career Fair at TSU Pavilion which was scheduled from 1000 hours to 1400 hours. The venue was over-crowded, nevertheless, I got the chance to advertise myself and expand my networking with a lot of brands. Although I was declined from a few recruiters, I didn’t give up and managed to hold a potential post of Fulfillment Centre Operations Intern in Target.

Business Career Fair

A business career fair was arranged by the collective administration of different universities and multi-national organizations in the pursuit of creating numerous opportunities for students and fresh graduates to have basic knowledge about the company that they want to work with and to gain information about potentially lucrative jobs, requirements needed by various companies, and about the description of positions which are currently vacant. Contemporary business career fairs are sponsored by widely renowned businesses, for instance, Target, American Textile Maintenance, Enterprise Rent-A-Car, Northwestern Mutual Irvine, Houzz, CINTAS, and Sherwin Williams. Among this starry constellation, some of the companies that are of my interest regarding their organizational health assessment, are Boing, Target, Macys, Amazon, and Southern California Edison.

Walk-in interviews and Recruitment activities

Upon entering the venue, I was slightly amazed to see the space being filled to its rim with the representatives of 62 different businesses, numerous students and fresh graduates, and professional employees along with heads of talent acquisitions of several companies. My first stop was Southern California Edison, which is the primary company for supplying electricity for much of Southern California. The reason towards my interest for being part of the workforce of this company is their initiative of drastically reducing carbon emissions, thereby striving to solve the climate change crisis. The job vacancy in Southern California Edison also aligns with my major and I have prior knowledge and the necessary skills required for an internship position. After acquiring the information about the job and the procedure for applying, I told a bit of information to the recruiter about my position as an international student. Upon receiving this information, there was a slight shift in the recruiter’s attitude and he exhibited indifference towards me. This made me realize that internship positions for the international students are scarce, thus adding to my frustration.

The perseverance and determination in my personality did not let me give up and I went back to the Check-In desk and informed them about the issue I faced. I was instructed to present my best skills which attracts the potential employer. Enacting upon this sincere advice, I put up an application with Target there and then for the post of Operations Manager. The job offered two choices, full-time or the internship position and the job description was inclined towards the management of Operations and Supply Chain. I was highly interested towards this opportunity but the recruiter from Target, Jennifer, who was extremely cooperative, steered me in the proper direction and advised me to apply for the position of Intern at Fulfillment Centre Operations Management. Jennifer apprised me that in this capacity, I will be able to gain a realistic job preview of the Operations Manager and it will be an enriching experience. Furthermore, during this 10-week summer internship program, I will be able to work closely with a mentor which is a promising opportunity in itself. I am willing for this internship program and by the end of this summer, I will be able to lead and motivate a team, proactively plan to increase supply chain efficiency and drive productivity. The capacities of my position will be fortified with the extensive training provided by Target in my pursuit of becoming a successful Operations Manager and a potential leader.

Highlights of the event

Apart from being denied for my desired job opportunity, my entire experience of attending this business career fair was highly appreciable and I would recommend every student who has graduated or is currently enrolled in undergraduate degree programs to ensure their presence at such career fairs.

Business Communication

Name

Professor name

Subject

Date

Step 1: Plan of sales letter

The audience of the letter include young male and female having ages between 18-40 years. They are target of the product because the machine can be used by them for best gym substitute. The machine can be used by them for doing gym at home. The reason for selecting this age group is the fact that people between 18-40 years are more inclined to do workout. They want to look smart, active and attractive because they are moving in society and wants to develop a good impression. Youth is more concerned about their looks and also ready to invest in their grooming.

The list of information include;

Thanking the customer.

Information about the specific age group selected for the product.

Addressing both male and female customers.

Explaining the product and its benefits.

Explaining the user-friendly nature and easy installation.

Explaining how the product is a better substitute than going to gym.

Talking about cost and time effectiveness.

It is important to write in the letter about the product features and benefits because it will have direct impact on the customers. By highlighting the positive aspects of the machine it is possible to create attraction for the customers. By mentioning some immediate effects such as energy boost and high efficiency will create positive feelings among viewers.

Step 2: Sales letter

Dear Customer

Addressline[State, ZIP Code]

Subject: Sale of Best Home Gym

I want to inform you about our exercise and fitness equipment ‘Best Home Gym’. It has always been a pleasure to serve our valued customers. I hope you will like the product and it will fulfill your needs. Our company offers a manual for setting the machine and follows guideline for best results. Best Home Gym has won many prizes and is recognized by health and lifestyle magazines.

I would like to explain you that Best Home Gym is a hot selling machine among youngsters who are aspiring to maintain physical fitness and healthy lifestyle. The product is well-suited for the customers who want to do gym at home. The best thing about this machine is that you will save money and time because you wont have to visit gym daily. The idea of Best Home Gym is to offer convince to the customers by helping them in meeting their daily fitness goals. Having Best Home Gym at home will encourage you to spend some time with it. Best Home Gym is well suited for male and female customers.

Best Home Gym offer numerous benefits to the customers including fast ways of losing weight. You only need to buy the product and install it. The equipment is so amazing and perfect for the customers who are looking for ultimate body works. The best part of the machine is that it allow users to use their own weight for resistance. Best Home Gym is a great value home gym that is easy to assemble. The machine is user friendly and can be installed by everyone in no time. The smart layout of the equipment is another advantage for the small homes. It consume little space and can be placed anywhere in the apartment. It comes with a starting weight of 210 pounds and is upgradable to 310 or 410 pounds. 60 plus exercise combinations offers maximum possibilities of killing fat. The rowing machine is best for the cardio workouts and allow users to get rid of extra weight. It also allow full body workout for just fifteen minutes.

I assure you that you will not regret buying Best Home Gym. Invest in your fitness and your future. I am looking forward to sell this smart built fitness equipment to you.

Sincerely,

XYZ

Step 3: Analysis of letter

The sales letter is created for informing the customers about the product and convincing them to buy it. The first paragraph provides information about the product and its purpose. This gives a clear idea about the nature of product and how it is linked to the customers. The credibility of the product is built by explaining the prices won by this product and its reputation in the market. The second paragraph highlights the customers who can purchase the products and benefits. The purpose of adding the benefits is to persuade readers to buy it. This paragraph explains the features like time saving and cost effectiveness. These elements plays significant role in building ethical appeal. Reading the benefits develop emotional appeal in readers and they show inclination for buying the product. The letter has managed to build continuous interaction with the customers by using words like user friendly, fitness, attraction and healthy. In the third paragraph the letter talks about the features of the machine such as the capacity of 410-pound weights and more then 60 combination of exercises. This depicts that the letter has attempted to convince the readers through logic by mentioning features. The purpose is to convince the readers that the machine offers amazing benefits. The use of terminologies like ‘killing fat’ is also an effective way on convincing readers that the product is extremely amazing and worth purchase. In the last the customers are assured that they will enjoy the product.

Reference

BIBLIOGRAPHY Cardon, P. (2017). Business Communication: Developing Leaders for a Networked World. McGraw-Hill Higher Education;.

Business Communication

Title page

Business communications

Credibility forms a basis of persuasion because people are inclined to evaluate speaker’s competence. They are interested in finding the credibility of the speaker that is based on their experience, skills and expertise. People are less likely to listen someone who lacks credibility. This also minimizes their possibilities of accepting their viewpoints. It is also apparent that a person exhibits high willingness of accepting the viewpoints of a person who has credibility. Credibility is developed on the basis of person’s experiences and affiliations. Therefore a person is always interested in finding the past experiences. Credibility plays significant role in building trust among people. Listeners exhibit high trust for the speaker who is credible CITATION Pet17 \l 1033 (Cardon, 2017). Compared to that when they listen to a non-credible speaker they will not be convinced with his arguments or claims. It is always important for a speaker to built his credibility. When audience trust speaker they are more likely to accept his claims.

Tone and style of speaker has great role in building feelings of persuasion in listeners. By choosing right style and tone the speaker manages to build a close association with the listeners. A persuasive tone is important for transmitting the message in appropriate manner. This means that whatever that a speaker says must be clear and audible to the listeners. A person must avoid negative impressions or expression during debates that include seriousness, lack of humor and anger. If a speaker appears too serious the audience will not be interested in listening them CITATION Pet17 \l 1033 (Cardon, 2017). The speaker who makes proper use of body gesture gives a positive message and build acceptance in the audience.

Personal touch is equally important for building a close link with the audience. This is important because personal touch develops positive feelings and encourages listeners to remain attentive throughout the debate. Personal touch is developed by making audience feel that the speaker understand them by emphasizing on real-life issues. Tone and facial expressions can also be used for building personal touch. The expressions of smile, softness and compassion plays positive role in evoking the audience. Without personal touch the speaker might fail in convincing the audience to understand his viewpoint. The possibilities of persuading the listeners are also removed. Another element required for persuading the audience is confidence of the speaker. The speaker must display confidence because it gives the impression to the audience that he possess expertise on the topic. If a speaker lacks confidence the listeners will not be willing to accept his viewpoints or listen him. The choice of diction, language and rhythm are also important tools that could help speaker to convince listeners. The speaker must be able to make use of right words and avoid using complex terms that are difficult to understand. The best debate realize that the focus is on persuading audience so choosing appropriate language is essential. Rhythm can be maintained by managing breathing effectively. The speaker can do this by slowing speed. He must be able to pronounce each word clearly that removes the ambiguity. Diction and structure of speech also helps in building a positive interaction with the audience. Positivity is also an important aspects of a speech. A speaker must be able to speak positively for promoting feelings of trust in the listeners. This is important for generating positive energy and evoking feelings of the audience. These characteristics makes the speaking interesting for the listeners.

Reference

BIBLIOGRAPHY Cardon, P. (2017). Business Communication: Developing Leaders for a Networked World. McGraw-Hill Higher Education;.

Business Communication

Memorandum

Name of Student

Name of institution

MYTHIC UNIVERSITY ONLINE

Memorandum

Date: November 7, 2019

To: All middle level managers

From: Roy Bang

Subject: Review of new Safety policies

There have been three incidents in the last year when our operational staff has narrowly escaped fatal accidents. This has prompted me to address this issue because you play an important part in communicating policies from higher management to the lower staff. You also communicate concerns of lower staff to the top management. This memorandum will help you in understanding the whole set of policies in a better way and specifically improve your knowledge of responsibilities pertaining to you.

These policies have been developed after thorough research by our Safety Guideline Committee. Responsibilities pertaining to you are as under:

All middle level managers are expected to read the fresh safety guidelines thoroughly and clear any confusion that they face with me or with any member of the committee.

On a quarterly basis, you will send a report to the top management regarding the extent to which your supervisors are implementing these safety guidelines in true spirit.

You will check if all safety prerequisites have been fulfilled before the start of any new project.

On six-monthly basis, managers will have to make sure that all staff working under them is given refresher training on safety principles.

To make sure that all staff members know the importance of safety issues, there will be a clear requirement in job description of supervisors and assembly workers which will state that they know basics of safety principles.

You will assess the level of expertise of your supervisor and assembly workers by observing their work on weekly basis. Any discrepancies may be noted and rectified as soon as possible.

In case of any accident, provide medical treatment to the affected employee and an accident report should be generated for director of personnel and safety management committee CITATION Pet16 \l 1033 (W.Cardon, 2016).

The latest set of safety guidelines have been attached with the message. If there are any further queries, feel free to communicate to me in person.

Roy BangChairman Safety Guidelines Committee

Reference

BIBLIOGRAPHY W.Cardon, P. (2016). Business Communication Developing Leaders for a networked world. New York: McGraw Hill.

Business Communication

Title page

Communications

Social media

Part 1

Jack Taylor’s Seafood can use four applications for persuading customers. The most effective tools for building social interaction with the customers are Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest and Linkedin. Mrs. Taylor can use Facebook for creating an amazing business page for the restaurant. The page will include images, content, links, information about the food and prices. The page will be promoted as Facebook ad that will spread information about the restaurant among users. Demographic targeting will be used for determining the prospective customers by identifying age, gender, education, location and interests. It is also practical to rely on the built-in ad measurements. This will evaluate how many customers have been influenced by the Jack Taylor’s Seafood business page on Facebook. Some marketing tactics can be used such as offering free meal on sharing link to 10 users or posting a picture with friend at Jack Taylor’s Seafood restaurant.

Twitter is also an effective tool that can be used for capturing customers. Twitter page will be created and promoted through Twitter ads. This will allow the restaurant to reach wider audience. Attractive tweets will be created with glamorous pictures. Stories of customers can also be shared that will build interest and encourage users to visit the restaurant. Buyer personas and brand awareness can be generated easily through this platform. The first step will be to research customers such as by studying demographics. After this the company can aim at targeting particular group such as millennial. Hosting Twitter chat and driving traffic for the site are common strategies used for interacting with customers.

Pinterest is also an effective marketing platform that will be used for choosing right keywords base on SEO strategy. Selection of keywords would allow Mrs. Taylor to reach larger audience through this platform. Celebrity images can be added with catchy hastags. It is practical to add customer covers that will make the page attractive for the viewers. Broad titles can be used with celebrity pictures that will create fascination.

Linkedin is also a practical tool for generating customers. This platform is focused on defining the goals of the Jack Taylor’s Seafood restaurant in appropriate manner. Organized profile will be created that will explain the specialties. Keywords will be inserted for adding information and links.

Part 2

The use of social media was unethical because it has been used for personal interest. The use of derogatory comments on Twitter is also unethical because every employee has a responsibility to protect personal information of clients. The salesman had engaged in an unethical conduct by violating the terms of protecting client’s information. The second unethical behavior is using that comments as an evidence against the salesperson. This threatened his job and resulted in his termination. It is crucial for the employees to maintain secrecy of personal information. Both behaviors reveals breach of privacy and confidentiality.

I encountered similar situation when I was working for a retail clothing company. My colleague, Jack faced severe criticism from a valuable client who complained about his attitude. This offended Jack and the next day he made a racist comment and also shared the picture of client. Few days later the boss found it from someone and jack was fired.

I think that employees can avoid such situations by realizing their responsibility. They must follow code of ethics and avoid exploiting situations. The code of ethics states that employees must maintain confidentiality of client’s information. by realizing this and considering the consequences of violation they can avoid such situations.

Reference

Forbes. (2012). The 6 Basic Components Of A Strong SEO Strategy For Online Retailers. Retrieved Nov 10, 2019, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/theyec/2012/08/03/the-6-basic-components-of-a-strong-seo-strategy-for-online-retailers/#1908143ea533

Business Communication

Business Communication

Student’s Name

Institution

Date

Part 1: Opening Paragraph. How effective is the opening paragraph?

The opening paragraph of the email is very effective. It conveys the core objectives of the company to employees to show how the company cares for people. It also draws attention of employees to the email before delivering the message which is the goal of the email. In the first paragraph it is pointed that Microsoft focuses on productivity and desire to help people, this means that the company would look at the interest of its employees and therefore, the company is forced to lay off employees though they would wish to have everyone on board. However, there is no clear message in the first paragraph. The first paragraph should be able to deliver the message to the audience.

Part 2: Immediate Impacts. How effectively does the message explain the immediate impacts?

The email is generally vague because it focuses on the services and strategy of the company rather than providing direct message to the audience (employees). The core message is placed in the middle of the message and cannot be easily identify. Therefore, the message does not explain the immediate impact, action to be taken and the intended solutions.

Part 3: FAIR Test. Conduct a FAIR test of the message and report your findings. Support your conclusions

Stephen wrote the email to employees with good intention to information employees of the intended lay off of some of the Microsoft workforce. Though the message was delivered to the audience, it was not clearly articulated as it supposed to be. It failed to mention immediate impact of the intended action and the message of lay off did not come out in paragraph as supposed to be done. The email also failed to provide reasons for the company to take action to lay off its workforce.

Overall, the email is vague and focused a lot of unnecessary things, instead of pointing out the issues and providing immediate impact to employees. The email focuses on the company’s strategies, plans and products it offers customers and therefore, it failed to deliver message to employees as expected. It also discuses other brands which was very unnecessary when a bad message is being conveyed. The email is also long and very boring since it talks about what employees already know and therefore, is no different being achieved by telling employees about the company’s strategy a time when they are being laid off.

In conclusion, the writer’s main points are not clearly expressed throughout the email. Stephen cannot tell employees that some of them are going to be layoff and inform them of the impact of such action without talking about the products and other brands. He spent a lot of time talking about things employees are not interested on at the time when a company is lay off its workforce. Therefore, there are several loopholes in the communication and it does not deliver the message as expected. It is therefore, vague and lack clarity. The information cannot influence readers based on the message it intended to pass.

Part 4: Recommendation

I would recommend for the changes to be made on the first paragraph. The first paragraph should be able to deliver information to the audience. The employees should know that some of them are going to be sacked after reading only the first paragraph. The second paragraph shall provide the reason for such decision and the impact to employees to have a clear objective of the email just by writing the first and second paragraph.

Business Communication

Title page

Business communications

The two countries compared are United States and Vietnam. Cultural dimensions of two countries exhibits some similarities and differences. Individualism is significantly high in America which is accounted as 91 CITATION Hof19 \l 1033 (Hofstede, 2019). This feature reflects that majority of the population in lives independently. Individual needs are emphasized over group needs. People in the country prefer independence and are autonomous. This ideology also states that society values independence more then collectivism and tend to be self-reliant. They are free to make choices and think about personal interest. Compared to America, Vietnam values collectivism more because individualism is scored at 20. This reflects that people are not self-reliant and believes in group needs. Independence is least prevalent in Vietnam. This reflects that people are willing to sacrifice self-interest.

Masculinity is scored as 62 in United States, which reflects that the society is inclined to believe that men are superior and powerful than females. Masculinity is prevailing at all aspects of life such as in media and television, which results in overrepresentation of males and under representation of females. These traits have also prevailed in the corporate culture which convince owners to give leadership position to males. Another aspects of masculinity can be seen in mass shootings, domestic violence and abuse. Compared to this, Vietnam in terms of masculinity is scored as 42 CITATION Hof191 \l 1033 (Hofstede, 2019). This reflects that level of male power or dominance is slightly lower which means women can compete with males at different aspects. Power, possession and entitlement is also with women in Vietnam. While in America males are holding more wealth and majority of the females are only earning 20 of what males earn in their career.

Power distance is scored as 70 in Vietnam, which states that power is unequally distributed among the members of the country. The upper class or the rich are holding most of the wealth of the country compared to the poor or the low strata. This reflects high level of power difference due to unequal distribution of wealth. Compared to this power distance is slightly low in United States, which is scored as 40. The distribution of wealth is not very unequal. This suggests that in American culture middle and low class also have chances of gaining power and wealth. Power inequalities are also apparent in the political system.

Another cultural attribute that exhibits differences between the two countries is indulgence. This reflects the way in which people attempts to control their impulses and desires. Indulgence is scored as 68 in America that indicates that youth is not influenced by the adult teachings. This reflects that contradictory attitudes and behaviors are prevalent in the modern age. The people have relatively weak control over desires. Vietnam is scored as 35 in terms of indulgence. This indicates that youth is influenced by the teachings of older people. Contradictory attitudes are less prevalent in the country.

Long-term orientation indicates society’s ability of maintaining link with its past and also with the future. It is scored as 24 in America reflecting that people are inclined to investigate new information and have taken a pragmatic approach for analyzing traditions. Long-term orientation is scored as 57 in Vietnam, reflecting that people are less concerned about their past traditions and values. Americans are more concerned about differentiating between good and evil CITATION VN16 \l 1033 (VN, 2016)

America is ranked as 42 in terms of uncertainty avoidance. It reflects the way in which society handled the fact that future is uncertain. This indicates Americans are willing to accept changes and new things. Vietnam is scored as 30 which reflects resistance of society towards change.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY VN. (2016). American Culture series: American Food . Retrieved 10 20, 2019, from https://e.vnexpress.net/news/travel-life/what-s-on/american-culture-series-american-food-3479552.html

Hofstede. (2019). Vietnam. Retrieved 10 20, 2019, from https://www.hofstede-insights.com/product/compare-countries/

Hofstede. (2019). COMPARE COUNTRIES . Retrieved 10 20, 2019, from https://www.hofstede-insights.com/product/compare-countries/

Business Communication Protocols

Title Page

Business communication protocols

Issues of business communications

Managers in the global economy need to adopt a practical communication strategy for addressing people from different cultural backgrounds. Manages in the culturally diverse workplace are responsible for fulfilling communication duties that involve giving regular updates, informing about progress, initiatives, and changes that affect them. Clear communication protocols are crucial for customer satisfaction, employees engagement, and organizational success. The strategy focuses on clear goals, appropriate leadership and effective communication that builds positive relations between staff and also improves their motivation.

Business communication protocols

The coordination is maintained in all current organizations that reflect from the adoption of effective networking systems. The control is maintained through the top management that supervises and checks the performances of staff and employees. The current organizations adopt the functions and principles of the administrative management theory that leads to a better organizational structure. The protocols are designed at three levels for managing daily operations, corporate actions and governance. The protocols identify the message, audience and the frequency. Communications for managing daily operations will be conducted on a daily basis. The manager will take notes on the performance of the employees, supervise them and instructs them about their roles. The manager ensures that all activities are performed by the strategic planning. The message is conveyed by the manager to the employees. This process will also identify the problems/ issues encountered by the employees such as difficulties in handling tasks or conflicts. This will allow the organization to manage daily activities efficiently. The second level of communication involves sharing corporate information from the top level to the managerial level. The managers are supposed to provide updates on the markets and the company's performance to the top leaders and CEO. The process involves discussions on the implications of the strategic plans and the need for change. Corporate communications have profound impacts on business growth and revenues. These communications occur at monthly and yearly basis. The third level includes communications for managing governance. The message is transmitted from the board of directors to the managers and directors. The message uncovers the issues of governance level and identifying negligence of duty.

Type of message

Communicator

Audience

Frequency

Daily operations

Regular updates on business activities.

Strategic planning

Manager

Employees

Daily

Monthly

Quarterly

Performance

Daily issues

Meeting timelines

Managers/ directors

Employees

Staff

Weekly

Monthly

Annually

Corporate strategic directions

Sharing information

Updates on market performance

Strategic Actions

Manager

Team leader

Employees

Weekly

Monthly

Yearly

Business returns

Growth

CEO,

Corporate leaders

Managers

Monthly

Yearly

Governance

Issues of governance

Negligence of duty

Board of directors

Stakeholders

Quarterly

Annually

Challenges of these protocols

Effective communications pose significant challenges for the manager. The biggest challenge of protocols involves maintaining robust communications relying on offsetting employees engagement and alignment. Lack of feedback from employees or high employee turnover makes it difficult for the manager to transmit information. The protocols exhibit two-way communication flow. Information is transmitted from managers to the employees in the form of instructions and from employees to managers as feedback. It is difficult to generate information about employees issue in a culturally diverse organization. Generating feedbacks is crucial for identifying how well staff understands the instructions and how they manage stress. The manager has a critical task of examining if the protocols are adequate for determining how employees meet their goals or not. To engage employees in the process of feedbacks, the manager will need to encourage employees for taking part in the process of feedbacks. Another challenge faced in the implementation of the protocol includes taking action on the feedback. The responses are useless if the manager fails to act on them. This will demand to adjust behaviors, attitudes and improving perceptions of the staff.

Some employees may be dissatisfied their jobs and are unable to work due to lack of coordination. Managers will thus face pressures in providing sufficient information about constant changes. It is also difficult to attain common goals when employees are taking independent roles. Most of the communications occur through devices due to advancement in technology. This exhibits challenges because all employees may not feel comfortable to use them. Introducing communication methods to new employees demands time and training CITATION Geo171 \l 1033 (Bucăţageorge, 2017).

Recommendations

Checking employees on a regular basis is a practical solution for removing the information gap between management-employees. Direct interaction with employees will allow the manager to discuss their understandings and thoughts on the project. Improvements in internal communication prevent delays in information. Providing easy access to internal knowledge is another key step for enhancing communications. Relying on more than one communication methods such as email, telephones and video conference are useful for addressing larger employees.

The managers must not rely on a single method. Implementation of social intranet software will build time efficient and highly responsive connectivity between manager and employees. Social intranet software builds more robust communications that also offers the feature of retrieving old conversations. Adoption of open-door policy gives employees the opportunity to talk directly to the manager. All employees are not bold enough to bring issues to the boss so the manager must encourage them to share their problems. the open-door policy will address concerns of all employees fairly irrespective of their cultural backgrounds and ethnicities CITATION Far12 \l 1033 (Khan & Khan, 2012).

The manager must adopt strategies for encouraging employees to focus on company culture. This will allow all employees to feel more connected and comfortable in the organization. Managers can identify employees who are overworked and give them breaks for improving productivity.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY Bucăţageorge, G. (2017). The Role of Communication in Enhancing Work Effectiveness of an Organization. Science , 22 (1).

Khan, F., & Khan, M. E. (2012). Achieving Success through Effective Business Communication. Information and Knowledge Management, 2 (2).

Business Communications

From

To

Dear Customer:

RE: Fee adjustment on the subscription package

We would like to inform you that Netflix has made certain adjustment on its subscription fees of various packages it offers customers. The adjustment of subscription fee is done so that we can be able to provide efficient and elaborate services to customers. It is also done due to additional services on each package so that our customers can have variety of products under one package. The adjustment of charges is listed below.

Plan 1: Unlimited Streaming (no DVDs) has been adjusted to $7.99

Plan 2: Unlimited DVDs one-out-at a time without streaming adjusts to 7.99 for a month

On adjustment client has the right to choice on the right package to continue enjoying our service. It is therefore, means that there will not any extra charges has been previously been while switching to a different subscription.

We at Netflix we value as our customer and therefore, for any information or questions regarding the adjusted subscription fee. Kindly feel free to contact through our usual line.

Thank you.

Yours Sincerely

Business Concept

New Business Initiative Plan

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of the Institution]

New Business Initiative Plan

The Youth Sports Centre and the Fitness point is one of the needs of the moment at the community level these days. The idea that there is going to be a place where young people can work out and make the most of the energy at their disposal is quite compelling and enticing to say the least. What is needed to be done is that the effort should be place towards ensuring that the high performance centre has to be created where it not only allows the youth to indulge in a good positive sporting activity, the machinery and the setup as well as the sort of training that is going to be provided should be such that it should create athletes and performers with the higher ceiling in terms of the what they can achieve.

Even though the need of the youth centre is not a new one, the idea that the state-of-the-art facility and performance centre has to be created is something that is going to be quite interesting for the people in the community. As it is a positive initiative that is going to bring about considerable positive externality, there is a likelihood that people are going to be quite receptive to the idea in the long run. One of the ways this centre is going to be difference as compared to some of the other centres that are available in the market is that it is going to be provide coaching as well as high level training to the athletes and people who are just cautious about their overall fitness level. At the same time, as people are quite receptive about any initiative that is going to increase the level of physical activity on their part, people would be more than please to support the initiative. Furthermore, the business concept is such that it is enticing to more or less all the stakeholder.

References

Bull, M. (2016). “Balance”: the development of a social enterprise business performance analysis tool. Social Enterprise Journal, 3(1), 49-66.

Lalkaka, R. (2015). Business incubators in developing countries: characteristics and performance. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 3(1-2), 31-55.

Rentschler, R. (Ed.). (2017). Innovative arts marketing. Allen & Unwin.

Business Continuity And Crisis Management



Business Continuity and Crisis Management

Rozina

[Name of the Institution]

April 30, 2019

Table of Contents

TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc7604515 \h 2

Background of The Company PAGEREF _Toc7604516 \h 3

Main Discussion PAGEREF _Toc7604517 \h 4

SWOT Analysis PAGEREF _Toc7604518 \h 5

Strengths PAGEREF _Toc7604519 \h 5

Weaknesses PAGEREF _Toc7604520 \h 5

Opportunities PAGEREF _Toc7604521 \h 5

Threats PAGEREF _Toc7604522 \h 6

Crises Management by Starbucks PAGEREF _Toc7604523 \h 6

Recognizing the Threat PAGEREF _Toc7604524 \h 6

Exclusion of Anti-defamation League PAGEREF _Toc7604525 \h 7

Anti-bias Trainings PAGEREF _Toc7604526 \h 8

Encourage Teamwork PAGEREF _Toc7604527 \h 8

Customer Satisfaction PAGEREF _Toc7604528 \h 9

Managing Power Politics PAGEREF _Toc7604529 \h 10

Role of Managers PAGEREF _Toc7604530 \h 10

Strategies for Business Continuity PAGEREF _Toc7604531 \h 11

Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc7604532 \h 11

References PAGEREF _Toc7604533 \h 13

Introduction

In the increasingly competitive world, organizations are constantly improving their system to better respond to customers needs. The customer's demand for different products is increasing which requires a high focus of companies to make loyalty towards their customers. However, the increasing trends also required the Multinational Companies to not only focus towards their productivity and profit but they have to respond to certain social responsibilities as well. These responsibilities include equality for recruiting employees, maintaining the quality of products, discourage discrimination against employees, and provide their support for resolving social issues. Also, there is a high sensitivity attached to the image and product delivery of companies. Their responsiveness and ignorance towards certain issues result in threats. They require a strong network chain to connect with their overseas franchises and make them responsible for the rules and regulations drafted by the company. Every company has there set rules and all the franchises worldwide are obliged to follow the same code of conduct. However, at times companies fail to follow the prescribed rules that result in strong criticism against the organization. A similar incident happened with Starbucks when the company was accused of racial discrimination against two African-American men in Philadelphia. They had requested to use Starbucks restroom, and thus they were arrested. This paper highlights how the issue arose and how it spread globally and ultimately impacted the companies image. It further states the strategies adopted by Starbucks for effective crisis management as well as its business continuity.

Background of The Company

Starbucks Corporation is a coffee company established in Seattle, America in 1971. It has distinguished itself from other companies due to its great quality and taste that has gained them high popularity among the customers. Starbucks serves different items such as coffee like espresso, latte, VIA, cold drinks, fresh juices, snacks, and crackers. They also have "Starbucks Evenings" at certain cities that offer wine, beer, and appetizers. Since its formation, the company has gained much attention that resulted in establishing outlets in different cities around the world. The company owns a remarkable marketplace globally. Starbucks distinguishes itself from other competitors due to their high focus towards social responsibilities such as providing health care to employees, promoting diversity and inclusion of all groups. They promote and certify Fairtrade products, friendly farming policies in coffee growing regions. The company has also formed stores in underserved areas and is highly considering human capital as an important asset. The company famous slogan of ‘do-the-right-thing is highly reflected in its policies towards the customers and employees. The company has been highly successful and owns approximately 30,000 stores worldwide and holds an unmatched share in the marketplace ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"ty6xJllI","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Duffy, 2005)","plainCitation":"(Duffy, 2005)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":98,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/NZH636IF"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/NZH636IF"],"itemData":{"id":98,"type":"article-journal","title":"The evolution of customer loyalty strategy","container-title":"Journal of Consumer Marketing","page":"284-286","volume":"22","issue":"5","author":[{"family":"Duffy","given":"Dennis L."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2005"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Duffy, 2005).

Main Discussion

Starbucks is well-known for its reputation globally, thus when the incident of racial discrimination happened in Philadelphia in 2018. Two African-America came to Starbucks to meet their friend and requested to use their restroom. However, instead of allowing them to use the restroom, Starbucks arrested the two men without any clear reason. A cell phone video made by a customer vent viral that attracted the concerns of people worldwide. The public criticism was loud and furious and the accused the company of racism. The video highlighted that the two men had done nothing and was subjected to pressure and arrest without any reason. For the very first time, the public was mad at Starbucks, and their reputation was at stake. Due to their effective responsive nature towards the social issues and the policies suggesting inclusion and equality, it was hard to absorb any negative incidence done by the company. Although the company has been highly sensitive towards racial issue it was hard for them to secure their image. It was critical to manage the crises of racial discrimination and continue their business with the same public trust and loyalty.

SWOT Analysis

Strengths

Starbucks is one of the top-rated coffee businesses in the world. They have more than 30,000 outlets around the world. The total number of employees working at Starbucks constitutes for 238,000 around the world. The total number of assets is of US$14.366 billion whereas the net income is US$2.885 billion. The company has a high success rate and is ranked 132nd on the Fortune 500 list that evaluates the US corporations based on their revenue. Thus for such a Multinational corporation, it was easy to consider any policy for safeguarding their image and reputation. In the case of Starbucks, the company was not concerned about their profits first due to their strong strength of assets accumulation but then the priority was the satisfaction of their customers and maintaining their loyalty in the company ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"9JdwtqYG","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Taecharungroj, 2017)","plainCitation":"(Taecharungroj, 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":99,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/KTMVDXY2"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/KTMVDXY2"],"itemData":{"id":99,"type":"article-journal","title":"Starbucks’ marketing communications strategy on Twitter","container-title":"Journal of Marketing Communications","page":"552-571","volume":"23","issue":"6","author":[{"family":"Taecharungroj","given":"Viriya"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Taecharungroj, 2017).

Weaknesses

Starbucks has expanded its business without considering the ethical values in different regions of the world. The company's employees have not trained in correspondence to the treatment of customers. Although the company was highly active in taking part in social issues it never trained their customers to do so. The first step towards any social actions needs the organization to start from their own selves besides looking for outside sources. Being in a business that regularly interacts with customers the employees needed to be provided with communication and customer friendly approaches which Starbucks lacked at some point.

Opportunities

Since the formation of Starbucks, the company has widely extended to different cities globally. The market expansion was a great opportunity for the coffee business because they were the initiators of such business. They have got high popularity in their country and the same success could have been achieved at other countries as well. Thus, maintain a positive reputation was necessary for Starbucks and thus the company decided to provide training to employees for better customer satisfaction. That will result in the good image of the company and ultimately will increase the affiliation of customers with them. Starbucks was widespread across the world with a high number of employees and could manage global support if their employees adopt friendly strategies ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"xWV2LQ8R","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Moon & Quelch, 2003)","plainCitation":"(Moon & Quelch, 2003)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":100,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/KVXWUK8J"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/KVXWUK8J"],"itemData":{"id":100,"type":"book","title":"Starbucks: delivering customer service","publisher":"Harvard Business School","author":[{"family":"Moon","given":"Youngme"},{"family":"Quelch","given":"John A."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2003"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Moon & Quelch, 2003).

Threats

Starbucks inquired a greater threat to their reputation which questioned their responsibility and actions towards a social issues. The company was called as fake in term of their equality slogans, thus it was a hard time for Starbucks to quickly react to such criticism. The high competition from other countries in the coffee business required the company to take quick actions towards the incident and make strategies to convince their customers. The fear of losing the customer loyalty and reputation of the company called for employees training to avoid any future concerns regarding such sensitive issue ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"J9y4uI0a","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Butler, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Butler, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":115,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/33VYEV7D"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/33VYEV7D"],"itemData":{"id":115,"type":"article-journal","title":"Coffee's Dark Secrets: Linguistic Variation in Starbucks and Dunkin Donuts","container-title":"Lingua Frankly","volume":"4","author":[{"family":"Butler","given":"Lilah"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Butler, 2018). It will better results in the friendly environment between the employees and the customers and will ultimately overcome the threats.

Crises Management by Starbucks

Recognizing the Threat

The first consideration in crisis management is to recognize the intensity of the prevailing threat and avoid the situation from getting worsened further. The charges which Starbucks made against the two men stated that they have allegedly trespassed the boundaries. However, the video that went viral stated a different story and showed the behavior of the company with their customers and thus, their reputation was at stake. Starbucks made the first consideration in immediately recognizing the threat of public mistrust in the company. The issue an unequivocal apology stating that “We’re sorry if we offended anyone” and the authorities flew across the country and met the arrested persons to deliver apologies ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"p0o9zGiW","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Krishna, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Krishna, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":114,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/8RYJLHD2"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/8RYJLHD2"],"itemData":{"id":114,"type":"article-journal","title":"Starbucks Communication Strategies–More Than Just a Cup of Coffee","container-title":"IUP Journal of Soft Skills","page":"23-53","volume":"12","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Krishna","given":"Chethana G."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Krishna, 2018). Starbucks CEO, Kevin Johnson discussed in an interview given to the ABC, that his company had no intentions towards such racism. He stated how Starbucks has come across a long way in their concerns about social issues. He stated that the company has been highly active in inclusive strategies in the past and will continue to do so. He again apologies to the arrested men and took the responsibility for the discrimination. The CEO further asked them to join hands with Starbucks to remove such racism in the future. They agreed to acknowledge their decision and made sure that such an issue do not happen again. This requires high leadership skills to take the responsibility on your shoulders and come up with solutions. Starbucks was quick in recognizing the fact that they need to contact the arrested person personally and take them in confidence to avoid further escalation ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"uy2Y6hDg","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tidwell, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Tidwell, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":107,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/DXMU886L"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/DXMU886L"],"itemData":{"id":107,"type":"article-journal","title":"Strong prior reputation: A help or a hindrance in reputational crises?","author":[{"family":"Tidwell","given":"Matt"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tidwell, 2018).

Exclusion of Anti-defamation League

In 2018, following the incidence of the arrest of two young African-Americans in Philadelphia, Starbucks announced its collaboration with Anti-defamation League (ADL). The league was a Jewish civil rights organization that worked for the right of all citizens without any discrimination. Starbucks wanted to restore their lost reputation among the customers, however, such an immediate decision to join the league was not suitable at that time. However, Starbucks again comes under criticism that the ADL is responsible for attacking Black people. A prominent activist Tamika Mallory, stated that the ADL is responsible for the increasing attacks on the Palestinians. She said that the league is affiliated with Israel and the US sends its police for military practices there. Thus, the initiative taken by Starbucks was highly troubling due to its responsiveness towards the Palestinians. Thus Starbucks ended the agreement with ADL and dropped them from their anti-bias training. There was high political pressure on Starbucks to initiate training for employees rather than working with any agencies ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"kGRw0RYk","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Bhattacharya, Smith, & Vogel, 2004)","plainCitation":"(Bhattacharya, Smith, & Vogel, 2004)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":104,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/C64NPFZR"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/C64NPFZR"],"itemData":{"id":104,"type":"article-journal","title":"Integrating social responsibility and marketing strategy: an introduction","container-title":"California Management Review","page":"6-8","volume":"47","issue":"1","author":[{"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"C. B."},{"family":"Smith","given":"N. Craig"},{"family":"Vogel","given":"David"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2004"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Bhattacharya, Smith, & Vogel, 2004).

Anti-bias Training

The increasing protest against Starbucks for their arrest of two African-American resulted in a national boycott of the company. Due to the highly sensitive world in terms of racial discrimination, people are not acceptable towards and biases. The long history of racial biases has compelled people to actively respond to such situations and eliminate inequality and racism. Thus, due to the increasing threat of public appreciation, Johnson announced to close 8,000 US stores on May 29, 2018. The reason was to provide training to the employees for their anti-bias behaviors towards different racial groups. Employees working in different cities were called to join the platform and acknowledge bias sensitivity training. Johnson continues to apologize to the public and stated that the training is the first step to ensure equality. He also encourages to provide similar training in other parts of the world as well to make the employees responsible towards their societies. Working in Starbucks is not only about getting paid but to deliver a positive image of the company ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"iKKJqqA9","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Chung, Liao, & Chang, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Chung, Liao, & Chang, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":110,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/688LVLLZ"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/688LVLLZ"],"itemData":{"id":110,"type":"article-journal","title":"Long live friendship? Relationships among friendship, trust and brand loyalty: a study of Starbucks","container-title":"International Journal of Web Based Communities","page":"335-352","volume":"14","issue":"4","author":[{"family":"Chung","given":"Yu-Chun"},{"family":"Liao","given":"Shu-Hsien"},{"family":"Chang","given":"Wen-Jung"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Chung, Liao, & Chang, 2018).

Encourage Teamwork

Starbucks was all focused to initiate policies that work collectively for removing biasness against any group. From working towards the environmental impact of their actions to the social issues they have been actively involved in tackling the issues. The introduced farmer's equity practices which would encourage high compensation for the coffee producers. They have adopted fair trade policies and food bank donations. The company has a long chain of social work which has benefitted the majority of people. Thus, to consider the anti-bias training and policies, it required teamwork from their employees to work collectively ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"KKyMhD7L","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Sawhney, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Sawhney, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":108,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/B8LGWTJU"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/B8LGWTJU"],"itemData":{"id":108,"type":"book","title":"Starbucks: Driving growth through new dining occasions","publisher":"Kellogg School of Management","ISBN":"1-5264-9191-5","author":[{"family":"Sawhney","given":"Mohanbir"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Sawhney, 2018). In the era of high sensitivity towards certain issues, organizations are required to enhance the personalities of their employees so that they can act positively to different cultural groups. Starbucks has achieved its long success in different parts of the world due to their high team management skills. They encourage teamwork and emphasizes such inclusive policies. In the case of crises, Starbucks could just have trained the employees of Philadelphia but due to its inclusive policies, the companies asked to train employees of 8,000 outlets ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"YN7VHjqT","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Kang & Namkung, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Kang & Namkung, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":113,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/5VU6FMZK"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/5VU6FMZK"],"itemData":{"id":113,"type":"article-journal","title":"The effect of corporate social responsibility on brand equity and the moderating role of ethical consumerism: The case of Starbucks","container-title":"Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research","page":"1130-1151","volume":"42","issue":"7","author":[{"family":"Kang","given":"Jee-Won"},{"family":"Namkung","given":"Young"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Kang & Namkung, 2018). This shows the company responsiveness towards the issue and significant measures to tackle the crises.

Customer Satisfaction

The policies and procedures of Starbucks initially fall short of handling the problem. The company was unable to prevent the outcome that should not have occurred considering the reputation of the company. The company's value emphasizes on ‘Creating a culture of warmth and belonging, where everyone is welcome'. However, these values were highly under criticism and were subjected to remove false claims. The company responded to the accusation of considering their customers as a significant asset of the company and will do anything to maintain their loyalty with the customers ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"XrVunYIs","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Kumar & Chong, 2019)","plainCitation":"(Kumar & Chong, 2019)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":112,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/PBPT5BMR"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/PBPT5BMR"],"itemData":{"id":112,"type":"article-journal","title":"Management Style in Retaining Loyal Customers and Quality of Products: A Case Study of Starbucks","container-title":"Economics, Finance, Business and Management","volume":"1","issue":"1","author":[{"family":"Kumar","given":"Bavani Chandra"},{"family":"Chong","given":"Nur Afiqah Liyana Hazrin"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2019"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Kumar & Chong, 2019). Thus, Starbucks developed strategies in consideration towards the biasness, they were not considered about the loses due to closing down the major outlets rather they focused on their customer satisfaction and loyalty. The closing of the outlets means less productivity and profit, however, the company prioritizes their quality and reputation against the profits ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"rGKQkgob","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Talpau & Boscor, 2011)","plainCitation":"(Talpau & Boscor, 2011)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":101,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/CHZMGWAX"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/CHZMGWAX"],"itemData":{"id":101,"type":"article-journal","title":"Customer-oriented marketing-A strategy that guarantees success: Starbucks and McDonald's","container-title":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Economic Sciences. Series V","page":"51","volume":"4","issue":"1","author":[{"family":"Talpau","given":"A."},{"family":"Boscor","given":"D."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2011"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Talpau & Boscor, 2011). Many companies initially considered the profit and losses in the crises, however, Starbucks differentiated themselves and focused towards their social responsibilities and keeping their customer's satisfaction to the company.

Managing Power Politics

Starbucks was quick to respond the public grievances. The CEO quickly apologized to the public and accepted the responsibility for biases. Although the video was widely spread worldwide, resulting in hatred from the people especially the Black who called it a deliberate action towards racism. But due to their strong influence and continuous apologies on the national television, people accepted that at least the company had not ignored the issue ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"W0H2l08l","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Gallaugher & Ransbotham, 2010)","plainCitation":"(Gallaugher & Ransbotham, 2010)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":105,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/F7C2DD7M"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/F7C2DD7M"],"itemData":{"id":105,"type":"article-journal","title":"Social media and customer dialog management at Starbucks.","container-title":"MIS Quarterly Executive","volume":"9","issue":"4","author":[{"family":"Gallaugher","given":"John"},{"family":"Ransbotham","given":"Sam"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2010"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Gallaugher & Ransbotham, 2010). Starbucks also apologized to the arrested men which m, eans that do not want any interference from the outside world and have the capacity to tackle their issue. Starbucks accepted the loss of closing down 8,000 outlets to make the people believe they are truly concerned about the matter and will solve the crises with their internal available capacities ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"OiTC6fzi","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Aiello & Dickinson, 2014)","plainCitation":"(Aiello & Dickinson, 2014)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":103,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/XFQJ48ZR"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/XFQJ48ZR"],"itemData":{"id":103,"type":"article-journal","title":"Beyond authenticity: A visual-material analysis of locality in the global redesign of Starbucks stores","container-title":"Visual Communication","page":"303-321","volume":"13","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Aiello","given":"Giorgia"},{"family":"Dickinson","given":"Greg"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2014"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Aiello & Dickinson, 2014).

Role of Managers

The managers and other high officials play an important role in crisis management. The solution to different crises are based on their decisions and the policies adopted to handle the situation. They are required to incorporate their leadership skills and form solutions that are in the best favor of the company. The quick decision taken by Johnson and apologies to the affected person reflects the nature of the leader that how far they can go for the company reputation. The leaders of Starbucks has maintained their policies for social concerns and were ready to work with outside people such as the arrested men for better responsiveness towards racism. He called for the best policies and ideas to eliminate any kind of discrimination against different groups. The leaders have to manage the positive code of conduct of Starbucks by associating with any-bias training and providing awareness to people. They have worked hard to maintain the reputation of the company and achieve the organization goals of equality ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"ZpqIjL6U","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Flammer & Ioannou, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Flammer & Ioannou, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":109,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/99SR2Z7Y"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/99SR2Z7Y"],"itemData":{"id":109,"type":"article-journal","title":"To save or to invest? Strategic management during the financial crisis","container-title":"Strategic Management during the Financial Crisis (October 28, 2018)","author":[{"family":"Flammer","given":"Caroline"},{"family":"Ioannou","given":"Ioannis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Flammer & Ioannou, 2018).

Strategies for Business Continuity

Starbucks has considered multiple policies for the elimination of racial bias against different groups. Their settlement with the City of Philadelphia as well as the two arrested person was a strategy to improve the employee's relations with all customers without any discrimination. They have developed constructive intentions to end racism as well as developed policies for the continuity of their business. They have paid high attention to that issue which become the subject of public sensitivity. There should be skilled personnel in every organization who presents themselves globally so that they can train the employees. Starbucks has quickly responded to the crises which result in the satisfaction of its customers. Also, it protected the company from high legal actions due to their apologies to the concerned persons ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"Z3lTfS8h","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Laufer & Wang, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Laufer & Wang, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":106,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/I77TDD37"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/I77TDD37"],"itemData":{"id":106,"type":"article-journal","title":"Guilty by association: The risk of crisis contagion","container-title":"Business Horizons","page":"173-179","volume":"61","issue":"2","author":[{"family":"Laufer","given":"Daniel"},{"family":"Wang","given":"Yijing"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Laufer & Wang, 2018). They have quickly acted upon their crises without making just excuses, it showed their actual concern towards the issue. Starbucks has also trained its employees to adopt a welcoming gesture that could great the customers coming to spend quality time at the outlet. They also formalized policies for customers to necessarily buy something to become eligible to use the restrooms, the company is welcoming to non-customers as well. However, due to the quick response and strong leadership the company was able to preserve its reputation from the greater crisis which could have banned the company in different regions globally ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"O1DNyODP","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tidwell, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Tidwell, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":107,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/DXMU886L"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/5651625/items/DXMU886L"],"itemData":{"id":107,"type":"article-journal","title":"Strong prior reputation: A help or a hindrance in reputational crises?","author":[{"family":"Tidwell","given":"Matt"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tidwell, 2018).

Conclusion

Starbucks has achieved high success due to its customer-friendly policies. The company pays high attention to customer choices and their concerns. The incident of African-Americans has impacted the reputation of the company badly which resulted in vast criticism against their ignorance towards anti-bias concerns. Although the company was highly active in different social concerns still they were criticized for the incident. There is no doubt that the company was guilty of the incident but they quickly accepted their faults and responded to the situation. Besides hiding the truth and preserving their reputation, the talk openly about the crises and ask different stakeholders to collaborate on the present crises so that they will be in a better position to minimize the threat. This crisis was an example for the company to set a code of conduct for employees and train them on issues related to biases. In the era oh high sensitivity towards social concerns, it is essential to develop such ethics in the employees that they become friendly towards all groups without any discrimination.

References

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Aiello, G., & Dickinson, G. (2014). Beyond authenticity: A visual-material analysis of locality in the global redesign of Starbucks stores. Visual Communication, 13(3), 303–321.

Bhattacharya, C. B., Smith, N. C., & Vogel, D. (2004). Integrating social responsibility and marketing strategy: an introduction. California Management Review, 47(1), 6–8.

Butler, L. (2018). Coffee’s Dark Secrets: Linguistic Variation in Starbucks and Dunkin Donuts. Lingua Frankly, 4.

Chung, Y.-C., Liao, S.-H., & Chang, W.-J. (2018). Long live friendship? Relationships among friendship, trust and brand loyalty: a study of Starbucks. International Journal of Web Based Communities, 14(4), 335–352.

Duffy, D. L. (2005). The evolution of customer loyalty strategy. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 22(5), 284–286.

Flammer, C., & Ioannou, I. (2018). To save or to invest? Strategic management during the financial crisis. Strategic Management during the Financial Crisis (October 28, 2018).

Gallaugher, J., & Ransbotham, S. (2010). Social media and customer dialog management at Starbucks. MIS Quarterly Executive, 9(4).

Kang, J.-W., & Namkung, Y. (2018). The effect of corporate social responsibility on brand equity and the moderating role of ethical consumerism: The case of Starbucks. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(7), 1130–1151.

Krishna, C. G. (2018). Starbucks Communication Strategies–More Than Just a Cup of Coffee. IUP Journal of Soft Skills, 12(3), 23–53.

Kumar, B. C., & Chong, N. A. L. H. (2019). Management Style in Retaining Loyal Customers and Quality of Products: A Case Study of Starbucks. Economics, Finance, Business and Management, 1(1).

Laufer, D., & Wang, Y. (2018). Guilty by association: The risk of crisis contagion. Business Horizons, 61(2), 173–179.

Moon, Y., & Quelch, J. A. (2003). Starbucks: delivering customer service. Harvard Business School.

Sawhney, M. (2018). Starbucks: Driving growth through new dining occasions. Kellogg School of Management.

Taecharungroj, V. (2017). Starbucks’ marketing communications strategy on Twitter. Journal of Marketing Communications, 23(6), 552–571.

Talpau, A., & Boscor, D. (2011). A customer-oriented marketing-A strategy that guarantees success: Starbucks and McDonald's. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Economic Sciences. Series V, 4(1), 51.

Tidwell, M. (2018). Strong prior reputation: A help or a hindrance in reputational crises?

Business Creative Q&A Writing

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of Instructor]

[Subject]

[Date]

Questions and Answers

Consider the following scenarios, each of which necessitate some kind of written correspondence. Based on mediums(genres of writing) and their relative appropriateness.

A. state which medium you’d use and

B. explain why you chose that medium(i.e. what is it about the context/setting informing your decision).

For example, if a close colleague suffered a death in their family I would likely utilize a sympathy card. My reasoning for this choice is that I want to express compassion and a card is not only nonintrusive (allowing the recipient to read it at their leisure) but it also shows initiative on my part for writing and sending a card to express my sympathies.Be specific about the medium.

Assume all mediums of communication are available and Feel free to use multiple mediums

Due to an increase in rent, you’ve decided you need to increase prices for your services. You want to send a message to your customers conveying your gratitude for their patronage but also informing them of the price increase.

An advertisement in the local newspapers.

The news will reach to the maximum number of people. The negative impact of such information is minimized when communicated through some mass media. A huge chunk of the population will have the information.

The president and the vice-president of the company are giving a presentation in just half-an-hour. While on the subway, the vice-president says they cannot attend due to an emergency. You must tell the president they will be presenting alone.

We will call the president and also send an email to the official address of the person.

The person will be able to transfer a clear and concise message. There will be no delay in the communication since the person does not have time at hand.

3. You’re the CEO of a clothing company and you want to begin brainstorming the summer collection at a company-wide meeting. Because the project is in its early stages, you want to include the opinions of essentially every department within the company (finance, marketing, research & development, etc). How will you reach out to these departments to inform them of a meeting?

An email on all the official addresses. Memos will also be sent to the heads of all the departments.

The memos are the most practical source of communication within the offices. The emails will help the spread of information to all parts of the office without much hassle.

Consider, what comprises persuasive rhetoric.The relationship between goal, audience, rhetoric and voice.

Please select one of the following videos and analyze the use of persuasion within the video you select. Please discuss the following ideas regarding persuasion within the video you selected:

A. Key questions regarding persuasion: What is the goal of the speaker? i.e. what is the speaker hoping to gain? Who do you believe is theintended audience for the video? Based on the audience you believe the video is aimed at, how does the speaker attempt to appeal to this audience? In other words, how is the argumentation they deploy related to their audience?

B. Please define what yourdefinition of persuasive rhetoric is. You may use the traditional ethos, pathos, logos terms, if you want, but you don’t need to. If you find it easier to define your perception of effective rhetoric through other terms, you’re free to do so. 4-6 sentences should suffice.

C. Based on your definition of effective persuasion, assess the speaker you selected. Did they meet your definition of good rhetoric? Why or why not? Do you feel you’re part of the intended audience? There should be consistency between your definition and your assessment of the rhetoric within the video. Please use specific examples of the speech in your assessment. My hope here is that you become aware of what is persuasive to you and that you’re able to evaluate others’ rhetoric with this definition in mind. Some of these video are long, so you don’t need to watch the entire thing but select a period within the video of approximately 10-15 minutes.8-10 sentences will suffice.

Please select one of the following speakers to assess and analyze:

Sana Amanat (editor of Marvel comics)

The goal of the speaker is to communicate that the people should respect the differences in personalities of various people. The speaker is trying to communicate that the society and people should identify the differences between various people. Some particular group of people should not be considered as stereotypes. The audience of the video is the general public in the USA. This is because the Muslims have been seen as showing some particular behaviors and traits by the people out there.

B. The persuasive rhetoric is defined as some conversation that is needed to clarify certain aspects related to a person or a community. The person in the video firstly used ethos by telling that she is an American so she cannot hate the Americans. The person shared the whole life story and concluded logically that the person under consideration was lonely so she was attracted to the super heroes.

C. Yes the speaker communicated the rhetoric in an impressive way. She warned the audience about the consequences of joining some stereotypes to a particular set of people. The role of the media in this regard has also been highlighted. The community will apply the image developed for the group of people to every individual. Thus the speaker had to face this situation when her class accused her of killing the Americans.

The following statements deliver various modes of communication. However, the manner in which the ideas are conveyed isn’t ideal. Rewrite each statement so as to convey the message more effectively/clearly/less harshly.

5. The Friday’s meeting was attended by a majority of the marketing employee, however, some of the employees could not join in because of other responsibilities.

6. All the candidates are equally qualified but we have to choose one from the lot. The chosen candidate will be communicated via an email.

7. Vacancies at our office are full at this time, we will get back to you soon.

8. The warranty period has expired but as a goodwill gesture, we will offer u 25% discount on your next purchase.

9. The following is the opening to a university letter informing an applicant that they will not be admitted. Please critique this document.

A. What do you feel—based on our discussions of bad news messages—the writer could have done for this letter to be more effective? In other words, what doesn’t work about this letter?

B. Rewrite this opening—adding, subtracting or rewording anything you deem appropriate.

Dear Ms. Jenson,

Unfortunately we cannot offer you admission at this time.We thank you for applying

Sam Brown,

Director of Admissions

The bad news messages should not be given up front. The letter should have thanked the candidate in the first line and given the bad news later.

Thank You for applying in our institution. We are unable to offer you admission this time but we will stay in touch and will offer you admission to some related field as and when available.

10. Typically in business communication you’ll be writing using a direct approach pattern. However, there are a few situations when you’ll want to use an indirect approach. Please name one of these situations.

Sales messages are delivered with an indirect approach. This is because the seller prepares the mind of the target audience in the first paragraph. The offer is communicated in the middle and further information is provided at the end of the message.

11. Please, explore the cultural facets of JAPANwith regards to written business etiquette. But in this question, I’d like you to meta-cognitively explore the etiquette, rules and ideas that comprise your own style of business writing.

Please examine two pieces of writing. First, examine an email you have sent to a boss, professor or somebody else In a professional setting. Then, please look at a message (email, Facebook message, text, etc) that was sent in a more personal context. Compare the high-context VS. low-context nature of these messages. Is one more high context than the other? Do the circumstances that the messages were written under have any bearing on how you wrote the message?

(about one paragraph)

What do you feel influences these preferences? How much influence—if any at all—does your home culture have on your writing/reading within these contexts? When considering this question, you may consider your home culture, but you don’t necessarily need to do so. Perhaps there are other influences that influence the way you write.

(about one paragraph)

A high context culture is the one in which there is a clear difference between the official and private conversation. A low context culture is the one that has very little difference in the official and private conversation.

In a high context culture, one should expect more formal language and business tone in the email in the office. The language or tone in the private messages will not be too formal in a high context culture. The low context culture is the opposite to the above mentioned characteristics. There will be some informal tone in the official conversation as well. The private conversation in this case will be completely informal

Yes the type of culture does affect the preferences in the communication style. This is because the people living in the high context cultures automatically adapt to the formal style of communication. The tone in politer, there is less use of slangs. The people living in a low context culture adapt to more informal talk style. This is also reflected in their writings as well.

12. Consider our discussion on the elements of an argument.

The motive for the text is to criticize the social media websites for spreading the fake news. These news can create havoc as seen in the India elections in 2014. The audience of the article are the general public that uses the social media site. The people should not believe the news spread by the social media. The advertising is the main source of income for the social media website. The rhetoric here is negative and persuasive as well. The company has not reacted as it should have to the problem which allows it to continue earning profits.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY Hornikx, Jos. "The influence of High/Low Context Culture on Perceived ad Complexityand Liking." Journal of global Marketing (2017): 228-237.

Usunier, Jean Claude. "Teh influence of High and Low Context communication Styles on the Design, Contant and Language of Business to Business Websites." International Journal of Business Communication. (2010): 189-227.

Business Decision Analytics

Research Analysis Report

Student’s Name

Institution

Date

Introduction

Running a business requires decision making and with the rapid advances in technology and methods of communication, it means there is a demand of efficient communication with teams. Business leaders and managers have daily communication with team located in different geographical areas. For instance, Wal-Mart makes major decision daily and any wrong decision can create a critical damage to the company. Wal-Mart Managers are involved in decisions regarding the products production, logistic, hiring new employees, and also sales and marketing, which are critical important to the company CITATION Ahm18 \p 23 \l 1033 (Ahmed, Bwisa, & Karanja, 2018, p. 23). Therefore, decision making is a critical component for efficient management of businesses. It is required of business leaders or manager to involve decision making process and tools when deriving at a better decision which is meant to spearhead a company to the next level. Hasty decision making could be a wrong decision, which can expose a company to a lot of risk. It is important for business leaders to be engaging and in the same process a better and appropriate decision is made. This report therefore, presents some of the key decision making process applied daily by several corporations. It analyses the three major decision making process, and decision making tools and technology.

Efficient decision making should be done after serious outthought to before deciding on any item. Corporate are usually have to identify decision, gather relevant needed information, identify the alternative, weigh the evidence, and choose among the alternative and take action and finally review the decision if it is making sense and meeting the core goals of a company. It is important to identify a problem before taking any CITATION Pet15 \p 32 \l 1033 (Patterson, 2015, p. 32). In decision making process managers should be clear and involve consultative measures. It ensures that a popular decision is made, which is beneficial to the entire stakeholders. In organizations, where leaders make unilateral decisions, there are high chances of failing to succeed in the market. For instance, Wal-Mart usually have key staff meetings, management meetings and board meetings as well. On these meetings key decisions are made based on the figures obtained through intensive research and analysis of the market. The competitive market requires collaborations and understanding among the key stakeholders. It helps to derive at appropriate decision hence better performance and profitability. According to Sousa, Galante Porto, Takenouchi, and Marcatonio (2015 ), the process of identification of decision is meant to ensure that various methods are considered and this is helpful in limiting or reducing the chances of making decision under the influence of any actions or events. In most cases, it is required to look into the alternative of various issues before deciding on the best decision For instance, in order for Wal-Mart to expand to India various issues were considered before that decision was made. First, a market research was conducted to determine the viability of the market. Based on the report, the decision was done based on the benefit the company would obtain if it invested in India. This is a clear testimony of the importance of the decision making process. It limits the risk because several options were weighed before a single decision was made.

Decision making tools and technologies

There are several elements which contribute to the success of any business. As stated by Ahmed, Bwisa, and Karanja (2018) the decision making is one of those components, which are critical for the success of business. However, for a successful decision to be made such decision must be weighed whether it is appropriate or not. Therefore, the decision making tools are decision matrix, T-chart, cost benefit and conjoint analysis. Although these are the tools, which might be used in decision making process, there are a number of processes, which are involved in the process. The key elements in decision making are to understand the repercussion of every decision. This could only be achieved is the decision is properly diagnosed to establish the interest of parties involved. In business, it is important to consider the interest of customers and the major stakeholders. Decisions which are made through a process are helpful in the limitation of risk and therefore, it is important for a company to involve every stakeholder when a major decision has to be made.

Market Research

Market Research is an essential tool for decision making. Most corporations or companies ensured that efficient research is conducted before any major decision is made. According to Fulop (2015, p. 23) market research focuses on gathering information on customers, competition in the market, and state of the market among other things. These are some of the strategic tools which entrepreneurs need to make efficient decision. For instance, Torrens usually conduct market research on how its products is perceived in the market in order to make decision regarding pricing, and introduce coupons or any other discounts which can make the product move fast. It is a strategic tool, which entrepreneurs normally use to make decision. Companies before investing in a new market, conduct intensive research about the market to understand every aspect of the market before taking any action CITATION Muñ15 \p 32 \l 1033 (Muñuzuri & Gonzalez-Feliu, 2015, p. 32). This is critically important since it gives a company a clear understanding of a market. And therefore, the decision of whether to invest, expand in the market or not depends on a real data and therefore, it helps in the limitation of risk, which a company can be exposed to as a result of poor decision making.

Decision matrix

Decision matrix is a tool, which is used to analyze different options. It gives the managers an opportunity to look at other factors, which affect the before making decision. It is best tool for making Decision matrix is done using comparative analysis to arrive at the right decision. For instance, Wal-Mart makes decisions regarding its discounts and coupon after evaluation of its sales in the market for the previous period. The sales evaluation would allow the company to understand where action is required and therefore, immediately decision is made. Decision matrix is therefore, a key tool which is used by corporations regarding the future sales. Decision matrix is more of comparative and in the process where the company is not performing well is established and immediate action is taken. The decision must base on the market happenings to determine whether more business oriented actions is required.

Cost-benefit analysis

The cost benefit analysis focused on the financial benefit of a company. The decision is made based on what the company is expected to spend and its return. In business, the cost benefit analysis is applied the managers, CEO, and investors are making critical decision on where to invest especially on the stock exchange on a new market. It weighs the financial ramifications and the possible alternatives, which can be applied to achieve the best result from the investment. It mostly used by business leaders, investors and even managers to make critical decision based on the performance of a company CITATION Sri18 \l 1033 (Reddy, 2018). The cost benefit analysis is applied mostly on issues related to investment and dealing with entering to a new market. For instance, Wal-Mart would apply the knowledge or the cost benefit analysis as a tool to address the challenges it faces, which relate to profit and loses and investment in a new market. Cost benefit analysis as a tool would be applied in deciding whether to invest outside United States or not CITATION Ahm18 \l 1033 (Ahmed, Bwisa, & Karanja, 2018). The company would be forced to analyze its performance and the amount required for it to investment and earned profit from the market. Therefore, the cost benefit analysis depends on the figures to earned and invested as well.

Decision-making mistakes

There are some mistakes, which business leaders usually make which affect a company badly. It is required of an individual to take his or her time before deciding on what to do or any action to take. Studies have indicated that decisions which are made in rush always lead to poor choices and therefore, it is important to take time before deciding on what to do CITATION Pat14 \l 1033 (Michael, 2014). Jeff Miller, the director in charge of training and development for human resources and business performance solution highlighted that leaders usually make quick decision without consideration other key factors. This affect the company’s performance since such decision was made without thinking of the alternative CITATION Col15 \p 25 \l 1033 (Colorni & Luè, 2015, p. 25). It is also important to note that avoid making decision can also hurt the reputation of business. And therefore, it is required for a business leader, manager to make quick and appropriate decision without delaying because such delaying may hurt the company. Many organizations have made mistakes when making decision but it is important for an organization to take necessary action to avoid such mistake again in the future. Avoiding these mistakes means that a company or a business leader must come up with the best method address the problem and the method could be through proper decision making.

Source of Information

The question, which has been asked, is the source of information which is used by business leaders to make critical decision. The source depends with the kind of decision which needs to make. It is important to state that Wal-Mart depends on its customer care data on major decisions regarding sales. However, the most appropriate source of information would be customers’ feedback, financial statements, marker research report, stock performance, and employees’ feedback. According to CITATION Bak14 \p 32 \l 1033 (Baker, Bridges, & Hunter, 2014, p. 32), this information provides detailed information regarding various aspect of business and therefore, it is important to use them to arrive at appropriate decision. These data would help a company with necessary information needed to solve the problem in the market and therefore, they can be used in making some of the major decisions in business. However, it is important for a company to conduct survey among its customer maybe monthly or quarterly to determine the perception of clients against or on specific items or the brand itself. The result could be useful in making appropriate decision which could help in spearheading the company to the right direction.

Recommendation

The study has established that decision making is essential for efficient management of a business and therefore, it is important for managers, CEO and nay other business leaders to involve key stakeholders when making any decisions. It is therefore, recommended for organizations to have a proper policies regarding the decision making, which can ensure that mistakes are limited. The fact that companies are involved in constant research, it means that customers are key stakeholders in many decisions which are made by several companies. It is therefore, recommended to have a proper way, which a company can use to engage customers. Therefore, it is important for organizations to have customer relationship management application because of its efficiency in providing feedbacks. This would be able to available efficient and update information to the company and therefore, major decision would be made easy and faster.

Conclusion

Every business leaders is required to make a major decision daily regarding the business. And therefore, the process of making decision is important since a wrong decision can lead to a lot of risk. In this report, the process of decision making is illustrated and key themes are highlighted as well. It is also established that sources of these information are critically important as well and therefore, it is important for a business to establish a proper mechanism of obtaining relevant information which are needed for decision making. Some of the key issues established to be essential are trends, actions, decision matrix, market research and decision tree. It is therefore, important for business leaders to have a clear method of data collection and application of these data as well.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY Ahmed, A., Bwisa, H. M., & Karanja, K. (2018). Strategic Decision Making: Process, Models, and Theories. Business Management and Strategy , 2-35.

Baker, D., Bridges, D., & Hunter, R. (2014). Guidebook to Decision-Making Methods. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255621095_Guidebook_to_Decision-Making_Methods , 2-18.

Colorni, A., & Luè, A. (2015). Methods and Models for Decision Making. 3-25.

Fulop, J. (2015). Introduction to Decision Making Methods . https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e0d8/d4fd210c4aeae40560c7332711c7cc8dc5df.pdf , 2-35.

Michael, P. (2014). Effective decision making . http://www.cimaglobal.com/documents/importeddocuments/40_effective_decision_making.pdf , 2-35.

Muñuzuri, J., & Gonzalez-Feliu, J. (2015). Decision-making tools and procedures for City Logistics. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278824059_Decision-making_tools_and_procedures_for_City_Logistics , 2-38.

Patterson, P. (2015). Decision-Making Tools and Techniques. https://wesharescience.com/na/guidebook/Section%203B.pdf , 2-38.

Reddy, S. (2018). management Science . https://www.ejmanager.com/mnstemps/69/69-1380786322.pdf?t=1557446034 , 2-34.

Sousa, W. H., Galante Porto, M. C., Takenouchi, P., & Marcatonio, P. M. ( 2015 ). Planning the Decision Making Process: A Multiple Case Study. Engineering Management Research; Vol. 4, No. 1 , 2-35.

Business Decision Analytics

Australia and New Zealand Group Group Gained Cultural Diversity

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of the Institution]

Executive Summary

One of the most important things that the organizations have to ensure these days is that how they are going to be managing diversity at their level. In the past, there was not much awareness among different societal stakeholders that how the diversity is supposed to work out but with the passage of time, people have started to develop this realization that workplace needs to be more inclusive to ensure that differentiation is being needed to be managed at the broader level at the given point of time. As a matter of fact, the organizations in Australia have started to realize some of the implicit benefits of value diversity is going to be adding at their workplace. There have been many recent studies that have showed that if there is greater cultural diversity at the workplace, then it translates into the greater profits for the organization.

Contents

TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc6572658 \h 3

Importance of Handling Diversity at the Workplace PAGEREF _Toc6572659 \h 4

Australia and New Zealand Banking Group PAGEREF _Toc6572660 \h 5

Value System of the Organization PAGEREF _Toc6572661 \h 6

Reconciliation Action Plans PAGEREF _Toc6572662 \h 6

Integrating Maori and Pasifika People into the Fold PAGEREF _Toc6572663 \h 7

Given the Chance PAGEREF _Toc6572664 \h 8

Integration of the LGBT Community in the Organizational Fold PAGEREF _Toc6572665 \h 9

Celebrating of the Diversity Week PAGEREF _Toc6572666 \h 10

Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc6572667 \h 11

References PAGEREF _Toc6572668 \h 13

Australia and New Zealand Group Group Gained Cultural Diversity

Introduction

Diversity is one of the major issues that is being faced by the organizations these days. The businesses have to be very clear with regards to their policies and perspectives. Specially in the countries like Australia where the ethnic and racial demographic is quite diverse and thus effort is needed to be made to ensure that all the stakeholders. Not only that, the representation in the social demograhics is needed to be there in terms of how the diversity concerns are going to be managed. Especially due to the fact that how the dynamics of the businesses have changed these days and not only they have to ensure that they take care of their services and operations, but public relations have become quite an important part of the whole debate (Stevens et al, 2018). Specially for the organizations that are in public service spheres, it becomes imperative that they take care of the diversity management. In this paper, it is going to be seen that how Australia and New Zealand Group, also known as the ANZ Group takes care of the diversity, what is the extent the diversity as a problem is being faced in Australia and what sort of decision making methodologies are needed to be used to bring a level of control in this regard (Fine et al, 2018).

Decision Making Framework

There was a survey that was carried out in 2013 and it showed that how about 50 % of the organizations that are part of the Australian workforce can take. Not only that, as the organizations are expanding their scope of services at the global level, it has become rather important for them to make sure that they take into account of the whole level (Abbasi & Hollman, 2017). With the multitap cultural workforces being witnessed all around the world, it has become important for all the stakeholders to make sure that they realize some of the intrinsic benefits of having diversified workplace. Not only that, it also leads towards employee satisfaction and lower employee turnover which in turn is good for the long-term goodwill of the organization. Not only that, it also allows the businesses to make sure that they have better understanding about how the marketplace is operating and what are some of the things and changes that they can bring in their organization to make sure that the customer base is being catered (Rubaii & Beck, 2016). Now some insight is developed about the importance of how the diversity management is supposed to benefit the organization, in the next section, it is going to be seen that what are some of the broader steps that are taken by ANZ Group to ensure that they work towards more diversified workforce (Thomas & Plaut, 2016).

Australia and New Zealand Banking Group

The organization that is going to be discussed during the course of this paper is Australia and New Zealand Banking Group, also known as the ANZ Banking Group. It is the third largest bank in the region in terms of the market capitalization and is one of the largest banks in the Australia in terms of the market penetration with regards to its customer base (Prasad et al, 2018). The other advantage that the entity enjoys is that they are one of the biggest banks that is operating in the New Zealand as well (Wentling & Palma, 2017). The bank is operating in other countries as well such as United States and United Kingdom thus making it one of the few organizations in Australia that is operating at such a multinational level (Mor Barak et al, 2018). The bank has gained fame for its sustainability policies and how they have managed diversity among their ranks. In this paper, it would be seen that how ANZ Banking Group was able to make sure that they were able to sustain diversity among their workplace in terms of the cultural relevance and what where some of the things that were done by them in this regard (Rivas et al, 2017). Below mentioned is how diverse the workforce in Australia is at the moment.

Source: (Rivas et al, 2017)

Method of Introducing Diversity in the Organization

One of the most important things for the organization is to make sure that they are operating at the level that is allowing them to be culturally relevant at the given point of time and it is one of the core values of the ANZ Banking Group (Prasad et al, 2018). At the same time, they have leveraged internal strength as well as developed the culturally diverse workforce that is allowing them to make sure that they are creating value for their customers and shareholders as well at the given point of time (Hearns et al, 2017). Not only that, the celebration of the diversity is one of the key aspects of their overall culture (Mor Barak et al, 2018). The other thing that they have attempted to inculcate in their culture is to ensure that they are supporting the employees all around the world in the pursuit of the value system. This value system is going to allow them to make sure that they are performing their duties to the best of their abilities at the given point of time and the diversity is prevailing in the organization (Wentling & Palma, 2017). So, one of the basic things that the organization can do is that they can look at their value system and make diversity the major part of the way these values are going to be playing their part in their business operations (Prasad et al, 2018). This was an important step keeping in mind the below mentioned matrices.

Source: (Prasad et al, 2018)

Reconciliation Action Plans

It is very important for the organization that is operating at such a massive level to make sure that they are allowing the different stakeholders that are working at the level of the organization to understand what are some of the cultural constraints. Specially in country like New Zealand where there are lot of the things that can be done in this regard to make sure that the social and economic participation of the people is going to be made possible (Leveson et al, 2018). One area that has always been neglected when it comes to the broader policy making and integration is the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australia (Prasad et al, 2018). What this reconciliation action plan is intending to is that it is trying to make sure that enough diversity tools are being prepared that are going to eventually make sure that the Division of the Diversity across the board in Australia is going to be managed in the appropriate manner and the prior commitments that are witnessed in this regard are taken care off. They have specially worked with the Reconciliation Australia to identify the talent pool that belongs to these regions to make sure that the cultural diversity module is being developed and the people from the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island are being integrated at the broader level in Australia (Hartenian & Gudmundson, 2017). Not only that, the policy and its blue print is readily available on the open sources which means some of the other organizations that are the part of the system are going to be able to take the cue and they can work on the same set of ideals to make sure these things are achieved (Ang & Van , 2015).

Integrating Maori and Pasifika People into the Fold

Now, despite the fact that Maori people are an important demographic in the region, not much of an effort is being made to make sure that they are being integrated into the job market fold (Konrad et al, 2018). One of the reasons that they are not being allowed that much at the workplace is that their culture is quite different as compared to the one that is being seen in the normal workplaces around the world (Triandis et al, 2015). They form an integral part of the demographic of the region and thus there is a need to make sure that an effort is being made that these unique set of people are integrated somewhat into the job market (Devine et al, 2016). What ANZ Banking Group has done is that it has made sure that the people of this region are brought into the fold with the help of the specialized cultural exchange programs (Ang & Van , 2015). With that, effort was being made to not only customized products being made for this market segment, but effort was also being made to ensure that how specific promotional offerings were created for these people (Watson et al, 2016). The idea behind the whole thing was to make sure that the engagement level of these people have to be increased. One of the ways through which it could have been done was to allow greater representation of these people of every demographic (Watson et al, 2016). The continuation of this whole effort was to make sure that the staff training programs were also carried out as well as making sure that how the language and the culture of these people is being showed during the course of the cultural campaign (Ang & Van , 2015). The idea was to make sure that all the communities that are involved in the decision-making process of these people have to be involved. It resonated well with the set of values that were set by Australian and New Zealand Banking and group and went a long way towards making sure that how these people were allowed the recognition and some sort of celebration of the culture of these people was carried out at the given point of time.

Given the Chance

Even though the Australia as a nation does not face the same issue in terms of the refugee population, but they are still considerable people that are coming into the country (Patrick & Kumar, 2016). Thus, it is very important to make sure that the contribution of these people in the economy is being realized and effort is being made to make sure that they are integrated into the economy at some level (Ang & Van , 2015). One of the ways through which it can be done is to make sure that the people who have refugee background and are migrants are brought into the workplace fold (Watson et al, 2016). Not only that, the ANZ Banking Group is one of the few organizations that have made a conscious attempt towards making sure that people who are seeking asylum in Australia are also being involved in the way decision making has been done for the good of the country (Devine et al, 2017). One of the key thing that ANZ has done in this regard is that how they have partnered with the Brotherhood of the St Laurence. The idea is to ensure that considerable job opportunities are provided to the people who are looking to work this way and thus allowing greater opportunity to these people to integrate into the job market (Watson et al, 2016). The idea behind this initiative was to ensure that people who do not have the best of opportunity to enter into the Australian job market are also given a chance (Watson et al, 2016).

Integration of the LGBT Community in the Organizational Fold

The problem at the moment is that it has become increasingly hard for the LGBT community to make sure that they integrate into the job market (Prasad & Mills. 2017). The problem for them is that how they are going to be making sure that even in the times when the community is gaining relevance among different stakeholders in terms of diversity, it has become extremely hard for these people to make sure that they are well represented (Prasad & Mills. 2017). And it goes way beyond the conventions of the job market due to the fact that even in the normal societal routine, they have a hard time making sure that they become the part of the way things are being done (Watson et al, 2016). The idea by ANZ Banking Group was to make sure that the sense of inclusion is being provided to the people that belonged to this group and thus allowing them various avenues through which they would find it easier to interact with one another (Prasad & Mills. 2017). The campaign was carried out and during the course of the campaign, effort was being made to make sure that the simple things such as homosexual couples holding hands and raising awareness about the issue that how the support system must be developed. The crucial things that is needed to be done during the course of the organizational cultural policies are needed to be amended as well (Prasad & Mills. 2017). The research showed that the movement and the campaign had a positive impact in terms of the way homosexuals were feeling at the workplace and it allowed them an environment through which they are going to be able to make sure that they are among the select group of people who are secure when it comes to showing their sexual inclination in public (Devine et al, 2017). The campaign generated lot of positive goodwill for the Australian New Zealand Bank and it was one of the prime reasons that the they were able to land diversity award for three consecutive years (Ely & Thomas, 2016).

Celebrating of the Diversity Week

The ANZ Banking Group is one of the few organizations that regularly celebrates the diversity week for its employees. The idea behind the program is to make sure that the diverse and vibrant workforce was carried out (Lewis & Geroy, 2016). Each day of the diversity week focused on the premises that how it can be made sure that the different aspects of the organizational diversity can be managed (Ely & Thomas, 2016). For instance, there was a whole day that is dedicated to the Maori community, and then there was a day that is dedicated towards the refugee and indigenous communities (Robinson & Dechant, 2017). The idea behind the whole week was to make sure that the understanding and realization has to be there are among different stakeholders that what is the composition of the people that are working in the Australian New Zealand Banking Group and how effort is needed to be made to make sure that the individuals are able to understand the overall banking system and make an effort to innovate in an appropriate manner (Ely & Thomas, 2016). Not only that, the other thing that is needed to be done during the course of the whole process was to make sure that the people tend to understand how the process regarding the diversity is needed to be managed (Robinson & Dechant, 2017). It was a celebrated event and one of the major corporate events in the Australia where effort was being made to make sure that the more inclusive of the region was being showed (Christian et al, 2016). In the hindsight, it can be said that the ANZ Banking Group is a major contributor towards how the diversity management is being done and stands out as a great example of what are some of the perceived benefits of diversity (Lewis et al, 2017). Being one of the top organizations, below mentioned is their performance with respect to the management towards change.

Source: (Lewis et al, 2017)

Conclusion

Diversity has become an important aspect of the organizational management in this day and age. It is very important for all the stakeholders to have an understanding about how the diversity in the organizational culture is needed to be looked at and what are some of the key concerns in this regard (Ely & Thomas, 2016). ANZ Banking Group has stood out as somewhat an industry leader when it comes to the way management of the diversity in the organization is supposed to be carried out (Lewis et al, 2017). They have showed different stakeholders what are some of the broader things that can be done at the level of the organization to ensure that the diversity is being managed. Not only they have integrated people from different cultures in their organization, but even the other communities such as LGBT and refugees are also given due consideration during the course of the whole process (Ely & Thomas, 2016).

References

Abbasi, S. M., & Hollman, K. W. (2017). Managing cultural diversity: The challenge of the'90s. Information Management, 25(3), 24.

Ang, S., & Van Dyne, L. (2015). Handbook of cultural intelligence. Routledge.

Christian, J., Porter, L. W., & Moffitt, G. (2016). Workplace diversity and group relations: An overview. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 9(4), 459-466.

Davidson, M., & Fielden, S. L. (2016). Individual, diversity and psychology in organisations. John Wiley and Sons.

Devine, F., Baum, T., Hearns, N., & Devine, A. (2016). Managing cultural diversity: opportunities and challenges for Northern Ireland hoteliers. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19(2), 120-132.

Devine, F., Baum, T., Hearns, N., & Devine, A. (2017). Cultural diversity in hospitality work: the Northern Ireland experience. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(2), 333-349.

Ely, R. J., & Thomas, D. A. (2016). Cultural diversity at work: The effects of diversity perspectives on work group processes and outcomes. Administrative science quarterly, 46(2), 229-273.

Fine, M. G., Johnson, F. L., & Ryan, M. S. (2018). Cultural diversity in the workplace. Personnel Administration, 19(3), 305-320.

Hartenian, L. S., & Gudmundson, D. E. (2017). Cultural diversity in small business: Implications for firm performance. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 5(3), 209.

Hearns, N., Devine, F., & Baum, T. (2017). The implications of contemporary cultural diversity for the hospitality curriculum. Education+ Training, 49(5), 350-363.

Konrad, A. M., Prasad, P., & Pringle, J. (Eds.). (2018). Handbook of workplace diversity. Sage.

Leveson, L., Joiner, T. A., & Bakalis, S. (2018). Managing cultural diversity and perceived organizational support: Evidence from Australia. International Journal of Manpower, 30(4), 377-392.

Lewis, D., French, E., & Phetmany, T. (2017). Cross-cultural diversity, leadership and workplace relations in Australia. Asia Pacific Business Review, 7(1), 105-124.

Lewis, J. S., & Geroy, G. D. (2016). Employee spirituality in the workplace: A cross-cultural view for the management of spiritual employees. Journal of Management Education, 24(5), 682-694.

Mor Barak, M. E., Findler, L., & Wind, L. H. (2018). Cross-cultural aspects of diversity and well-being in the workplace: An international perspective. Journal of Social Work Research and Evaluation.

Patrick, H. A., & Kumar, V. R. (2016). Managing workplace diversity: Issues and challenges. Sage Open, 2(2), 2158244012444615.

Prasad, P., & Mills, A. (2017). Understanding the dilemmas of managing workplace diversity. Managing the organizational melting pot: Dilemmas of workplace diversity, 1.

Prasad, P., Mills, A. J., Elmes, M. B., & Prasad, A. (2018). Managing the organizational melting pot: Dilemmas of workplace diversity. Sage.

Robinson, G., & Dechant, K. (2017). Building a business case for diversity. Academy of Management Perspectives, 11(3), 21-31.

Rubaii-Barrett, N., & Beck, A. C. (2016). Minorities in the majority: Implications for managing cultural diversity. Public Personnel Management, 22(4), 503-521.

Stevens, F. G., Plaut, V. C., & Sanchez-Burks, J. (2018). Unlocking the benefits of diversity: All-inclusive multiculturalism and positive organizational change. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44(1), 116-133.

Thomas, K. M., & Plaut, V. C. (2016). The many faces of diversity resistance in the workplace. Diversity resistance in organizations, 1-22.

Triandis, H. C., Kurowski, L. L., & Gelfand, M. J. (2015). Workplace diversity.

Watson, W. E., Kumar, K., & Michaelsen, L. K. (2016). Cultural diversity's impact on interaction process and performance: Comparing homogeneous and diverse task groups. Academy of management journal, 36(3), 590-602.

Wentling, R. M., & Palma‐Rivas, N. (2017). Current status and future trends of diversity initiatives in the workplace: Diversity experts' perspective. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 9(3), 235-253.