Article Critique Gun Violence

Aliyah

Instructor Name

Literature

5 November 2019

Gun Control and its effects on Gun Violence

The notation of gun control is a problem that has been the topic of discussion among the general public for a long time. In light of the mass shootings, this issue has become a political flashpoint with regards to seeking a solution to this age-old problem. Largely, the camp of this discussion is divided into two groups. On one side, there is a strong lobby that wants to make guns scarce, but on the other side, there are people who think that regulating guns will do more harm than good. The first side of the camp thinks that the containment of all guns is the answer to all their gun-related problems. In my opinion, all law-abiding should be given the right to carry a gun to defend themselves, especially against the perpetrators of mass shootings.

As for controlling all the guns and firearms, this will not solve any problem regarding gun violence in the US. There should never be any doubt in anyone's mind is that gun laws will not have the desired effect when it comes to deterring criminals from getting hold of a gun. Also, there is a hefty chance that any sort of enforcement of these laws may ever result in the containment of mass shooting incidents. This is simply the most logical argument that any criminal does not acquire any firearm to uphold and obey the law. They mostly use guns for performing mass killings and other contemptuous acts. So, this should be noted that the effectivity of these laws is based on the treatment of psychotic tendencies in a criminal and finding ways to integrate them into the fabric of society. Also, it would help if the bracket market supply of firearms is choked to make any sort of firearm difficult to obtain for a criminal. Otherwise, we will initiate a crime spree unlike any other because criminal will face normal people that would not be able to defend themselves, as common folk goes through the regular process to lawfully obtain a gun, a barrier non-existent for a criminal. For example, some people wait for at least a month to get hands-on an ordinary handgun in Chicago. Yet, it is exceedingly funny that in the same state, it is also the easiest to get a gun. There is an underground network operating in the streets of Chicago that is responsible for the distribution of thousands of illegal firearms.

In conclusion, this can be easily proved that strict and largely encompassing laws are not a guarantee that the cases of gun violence will disappear completely. There is a famous saying that if you wish that everyone knows about a thing, the best thing to do is to ban it. Similarly, it is plausible that banning guns can increase criminal incidents and robbery attempts. So, to end gun violence, the efforts should be made to end mass shootings rather than depriving the general public of the right to defend themselves. Ending gun violence will require an innovative approach, which may include a strict regime of psychological tests at a young age, preferably at schools, and more effective methods to run background checks to ascertain the criminal records and psychological health of the buyer. In short, more law will make the situation much worse and make it difficult for the authorities for solving this problem.

Works Cited

BIBLIOGRAPHY Anthony A. Braga, David M. Hureau. "Strong gun laws are not enough: The need for improved enforcement of secondhand gun transfer laws in Massachusetts." Science Direct (2015).

Vars, Fredrick E. "The real school safety debate: Why legislative responses should focus on schools and not on guns." Hein Online (2017).

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Essay

Romanticism has characterized many works of painting, criticism, historiography, and literature in the Western civilization. The period from the eighteenth century to the middle of the nineteenth century suggests that romanticism was actually a rejection of other perceptions. During these times, romanticism was associated with harmony, balance, and idealization. This romanticism, before the eighteenth century, was classified as classism and neoclassicism. Eighteenth-century romanticism rejected the idea of physical materialism and rationalism. From the start of the eighteenth century to the middle of the nineteenth century, romanticism started emphasizing on individuals, subjectivity, emotions, and visions. A deepening appreciation of the beauties of nature was also the part of romanticism from those times.

Coleridge rose to popularity after his literary critic titled “Biographic Literaria”. In his works, romanticism is related more to visions. He has never based his argument on the material belongings which exists on Earth. He used to call poetry as the lava of imagination. Romanticism for him existed in natural beings. This contrast of his ideas from the poetry of that time suggests that Coleridge lack the sense of expression used to write about romanticism. For example, he writes “See! See! She tacks no more! Without a breeze, without a tide” ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"g0KF7m04","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Coleridge and Lowell)","plainCitation":"(Coleridge and Lowell)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1320,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/TW36IXQU"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/TW36IXQU"],"itemData":{"id":1320,"type":"book","title":"The rime of the ancient mariner","publisher":"Priory Press, Exeter College of Art","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Coleridge","given":"Samuel Taylor"},{"family":"Lowell","given":"James Russell"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1969"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Coleridge and Lowell), this suggests that either nature or a beautiful lady is the subject of his thoughts.

The conventions of that time suggest that Coleridge was among the few poets of those times, who thought that nature is actually, what romance is. Different to many other poets from that time like William Wordsworth, William Blake, Rousseau, and Samuel Johnson who wrote about love and spirits, Coleridge wrote about nature and love. For him, love originated from a motherly being. His such views kept his readers thinking about what the exact audience of him was. While describing an ancient mariner, in his poem The Rise of an Ancient Mariner, Coleridge writes about a wedding. He says that the sun came up on the left, Out of the sea came he ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"5gD48lse","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Coleridge)","plainCitation":"(Coleridge)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1322,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/NXN2HJT6"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/NXN2HJT6"],"itemData":{"id":1322,"type":"article-journal","title":"The rime of the ancient mariner","container-title":"Medicine and Literature: The Doctor's Companion to the Classics","page":"207","volume":"1","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Coleridge","given":"Samuel Taylor"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2002"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Coleridge). He has linked a romantic relationship of a wife and her husband with that of the relation between the sun and nature.

Coleridge has also written about romance and what exactly it is among human beings. Coleridge's ideas of romanticism in his poem Kublai Khan are different from his other collections. In this poem, he had attributed his ideas with that to the presence of monuments. For example, Coleridge writes that from the fountain and the cave, A sunny pleasure- doom with caves of ice ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"AH9tyvOa","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Schneider and Coleridge)","plainCitation":"(Schneider and Coleridge)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1325,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/MKBUVDZD"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/MKBUVDZD"],"itemData":{"id":1325,"type":"book","title":"Kubla Khan","publisher":"The University of Chicago Press, Chicago","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Schneider","given":"Elisabeth"},{"family":"Coleridge","given":"Opium"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1953"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Schneider and Coleridge). This suggests that Coleridge has not limited his thoughts to some aspects of human existence, rather it shows his quantification and reflection of things. He has also used many metaphors in describing what romanticism is.

Different to the writings of that time, Coleridge seems standing at distant scholarly position. He has expanded the ideas about romanticism in such a way, that it reflects the image of each of its readers. Whelan, who categorizes Coleridge and Edwards as the same poets write that these two have linked romance with how religion constructs things. The use of the word religion is actually to make the readers understand about the level of pureness these two have attributed to romance ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"odIBVf7A","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Whelan)","plainCitation":"(Whelan)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1327,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/6YV7CMIF"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/6YV7CMIF"],"itemData":{"id":1327,"type":"article-journal","title":"Coleridge, Jonathan Edwards, and the ‘edifice of Fatalism’","container-title":"Romanticism","page":"280–300","volume":"21","issue":"3","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Whelan","given":"Timothy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Whelan). Whelan has not limited the ideas just to the purity of thoughts or the manner they have written about love, but he has also expanded their ideas to find similarities. He argues that romance for these two poets has remained a feeling unconquered by the rest poets from their times.

Wienen finally argues in his review that romanticism remained attached to materialism before the advent Coleridge. He argues that what he wants to reflect is what everyone already witnesses. He also argues that something different has been presented by Coleridge in speaking about romance ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"9EfgiQ5E","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Van Wienen)","plainCitation":"(Van Wienen)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1329,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/SCD9YILG"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/SCD9YILG"],"itemData":{"id":1329,"type":"book","title":"American Socialist Triptych: The Literary-Political Work of Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Upton Sinclair, and WEB Du Bois","publisher":"University of Michigan Press","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"American Socialist Triptych","author":[{"family":"Van Wienen","given":"Mark"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2011"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Van Wienen). He writes that pre-war times have remained attached to materialism. He actually praises Coleridge for being so beautiful in writing about a feeling which is everlasting.

Works Cited:

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Coleridge, Samuel Taylor. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.” Medicine and Literature: The Doctor’s Companion to the Classics, vol. 1, 2002, p. 207.

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, and James Russell Lowell. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. Priory Press, Exeter College of Art, 1969.

Schneider, Elisabeth, and Opium Coleridge. Kubla Khan. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1953.

Van Wienen, Mark. American Socialist Triptych: The Literary-Political Work of Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Upton Sinclair, and WEB Du Bois. University of Michigan Press, 2011.

Whelan, Timothy. “Coleridge, Jonathan Edwards, and the ‘Edifice of Fatalism.’” Romanticism, vol. 21, no. 3, 2015, pp. 280–300.

“A Good Man Is Hard To Find” By Flannery O’Conner And The Unexpected Evil

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A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor and the Unexpected Evil

She wouldve been a good woman, said The Misfit, if it had been somebody there to shoot her every minute of her life.

-Flannery OConnor

The following paper pivots a 1953s short story titled A Good Man Is Hard to Find, written by Flannery OConnor and sifts through different aspects of personification of a leading disposition, grandmother. As a matter of fact, the story attempts to explicate the particular demeanor of grandmother and its fatal consequences on the family the familys itinerary is slyly organized and demonstrates the limitations and extents of the southern region and nullifies the clichs along the way. The tale is acknowledged as southern gothic and is an amalgamation of different wired and somehow dark protagonists the overall narrative is laden with rhetoric and hidden meanings that, in turn make it challenging to comprehend the essence of characters. The stories highlights two extremes of meanness or say evil in which the grandmother can be asserted as petty mean meanwhile, the criminal Misfits meanness is explicitly interconnected with cruelty (Link, 2018). The grandmother is consumed by the notion of social status, disparity, selfishness, and absence of love, and therefore apparently, Misfit seems like the villain of the story, but a closer evaluation and the end of narration confirmed that grandmother was the evilest character.

Throughout the tale, different dialogues and foreshadowing highlighted the perceived politeness of grandmother, which is evident from her prevalent characters attributes. Such traits include selfishness, lordliness, talkativeness, and hypocrisy all such dynamics are precisely distinct from grandmothers conversational bit and pieces (Thuan 2017, 218). In order to develop and shift the connotation of the character, OConnor employs numerous gestures and terminology such as facial expressions and graciousness of grandmother. Gradually, politeness keeps changing, and by the pace of the story, grandmothers polite demeanor exhibits signs of lordliness and aristocracy. A similar tinge is visible in grandmothers chattering about class and prejudices regarding rich and poor people. The instances of courteous selfishness are also incorporated into almost every act of grandmother. Such traits infer the classiness yet morally dwindling side of grandmother.

Social status is a factor that requires attention and substantial initiative in order to be improved (Hani 2019, 247). However, A Good Man is Hard to Find proposed that an ostensible desire for maintaining a fabricated social status is detrimental and can be associated as a corrupt and imperceptible trait the same thing happened with grandmother. Grandmother always strives for looking impeccable, her attire and attitude all are emblem of perfectionism. Grandmother wants to look perfectly well-dressed and noble, stylish woman. Her passion for being flawless even surpasses the peril of accidents the story contends that when Baileys family left for vacation, grandmother dressed strikingly, so, in case of any unfortunate accident, her corpse would look like an aristocrat lady (OConnor 1953, 2). The very scenario highlights the superiority complex and morally means comparison of grandmother. She garbed with a white-dot-printed, white brimmed navy blue dress and donned a blue straw hat of sailor-style she also pinned a sachet-based purple spray of fabric violets. Through such elegant and extraordinarily eye-catching appearance, grandmother wants to ditch her daughter-in-law both in personality and uniqueness. Such yearning of dominance underlines ill-intention and low ethical attributes of grandmothers character and adds up in her villainous side.

On the other hand, A Good Man is Hard to Find, portrays grandmother as an extremely manipulating, selfish and hypocrite personality. At the start of the story, she wants to stay in Tennessee because of her relatives and therefore was reluctant to leave for Florida, and in due course, she seizes every chance to try to change Baileys mind (OConnor 1953, 2). Moreover, whenever grandmother feels uncomfortable with any happenings she employs her hypocritical skills to evade the situation without getting involved in explicit confrontation. However, grandmother adheres with her shrewd politeness, and instead of rebutting the idea of moving to Florida on rational grounds, she tried to steer Baileys intentions through infusing an air of terror through reporting criminal misconducts and indirectly permeates a sense of guilt in taking his family to an unsafe place. As a matter of fact, the fatality of Baileys entire family and grandmothers demise all purely associated with such undue manipulation, bragging, and selfishness of grandmother. Throughout the way from Tennessee to Florida, granny keeps retelling her grandeur past experiences to grandchildren that evoked them to see the house on the dirt road and to behold the secret panel grandmother told about. Bailey was not in favor of taking the vehicle on the dirt road, but habitually grandmother maneuvers the decision, and they finally heed towards dirt road that eventually brought a macabre fate upon the entire family.

Through several glimpses of the story, it is affirmed that the grandmother is overly swooned by worldly and materialistic objectivity that she does not know the meanings of love. In this regard, OConnors influence in southerner and catholic approach deems prevalent. Flannery OConnor believes in the presence of contemporary consciousness that, in turn, elaborates on the facades of unhistorical loneliness and of the onus of culpability (Mitchell 2014, 211). Through such implications, the author pivots the idea of original sins and weird and grotesque protagonists and their banal and horrific action however, all such stories mandatorily include a moment of grace. In this regard, it can be deduced that the character of grandmother in the story is strange and bizarre, and because of her misconduct and sinful personification, she experienced a moment of guilt and therefore granted with a biblical moment of grace (Mitchell 2014, 211). It is represented that at the end of the story, when Misfit was about to shoot grandmother, she experienced a significant moment of epiphany and a moment of grace in which she considers Misfit an equal human being worthy of equal love and respect (Renner 1982, 123). However, feminist critics raised several questions on the implied brutality of the scenarios and conclusion moreover, OConnor condemned by many for tarnishing the visage of womanhood (Rea, 2017), but no matter what, OConnor justifies the wrapping up exceptionally effectively.

To put it briefly, A Good Man is Hard to Find based on different characters through which the implications of social goods and evils are explored. The character of the grandmother is critical and central somehow, her inner darkness is compared to the exposed criminality of Misfit. Grandmother pursued petty meanness on a day-to-day basis, and for the sake of her selfishness and maneuvering, she unintentionally paved the path for the morbidity of her family and got killed simultaneously. It is elaborated that, however, grandmother was not entitled and acknowledged culprit, and she never committed murder or robbery sort of delinquencies, yet her meager, banal sins caused similar devastating consequences. Misfit killed Bailey, his wife, children, and grandmother with the help of a gun, but long before that grandmother had already murdered them all through her absurd vanity, selfishness, and futile social status perception. All such factors and unfortunate deaths of Baileys family make grandmother a pre-eminent villain and bad guy of the story, and in the end, audiences accuse grandmother instead of Misfit for all hullaballoo and gruesome happenings.

Work Cited

Hani, Mohamad. Analysis of Social Problem in A Good Man Is Hard to Find by  Flannery OConner. English Community Journal, vol. 2, no. 2, 2019,  doi10.32502/ecj.v2i2.

Le Thi Bich Thuan. Character Analysis Through Politeness in A Good Man Is Hard to  Find by Flannery OConnor. International Journal of Applied Linguistics  English Literature, 2017, doi10.7575/ijalel.

Renner, Stanely. Secular Meaning in A Good Man Is Hard to Find. Twentieth-Century  Literary Criticism, Vol. 132, 2003.

Mitchell, Mark. The Melancholy Tyrant Democracy and Tyranny in Flannery  OConnors A Good Man Is Hard to Find.. Perspectives on Political Science,  vol. 34, no. 4, 2013, doi10.1080/10457097.2013.776343.

OConnor, Flannery.A Good Man Is Hard To Find. London Womens Press, 2001. Print.

Link, Alex. Means, Meaning, and Mediated Space in A Good Man Is Hard to Find.  Southern Quarterly A Journal of the Arts in the South 2007 Summer 44(4) 125- 38. Journal Detail University of Southern Mississippi., 2018.

Rea, Robert. Flannery OConnors Murderous Imagination Southern Ladyhood in A  Good Man Is Hard to Find. Southwest Review. Vol. 102, Issue 2., 2017.

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Behemoth 1

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Behemoth 1

Literature is an important aspect of society and must always be done in the best way possible. One might wonder how artists are able to come up with some of the best pieces of art that they transform from the elements of culture. There are many things that can drive one to come up with a given piece of art depending on the motive as well as value of what they wish to create. In this paper, we shall look at the things that motivate great artists like Sharanya Manivanna, Jericho Brown and Rumi are able to come up with great poems and other literary works that amaze so many people. It is a practice that not every person can comfortably undertake. One must be in possession of some skills and talents that are not common amongst the other people. They must have also practiced for a long duration before they can come up with such pieces of work.

Different artists have come up with their own ways of turning the things that we face in our daily lives in literary pieces that people can comprehend. The styles and what motivates them is what determines the quality of literary works that they can come up with for their respective audiences. The normal literature and culture that we interact with can be very difficult to turn into personal pieces of literature that one can easily comprehend. Most of the artists that can do this are people who have been in the industry for a long duration and therefore know the things that they should be taking into consideration to be able to relate such stories to their personal situations. Not all of them use the same logic to turn the knowledge into literary pieces that many people can relate within their daily lives.

The authors are mainly inspired by the things that they face in their daily lives. Since every artist has his or her own audience, it is important to note that they are inspired by different circumstances. For example, the artists that mainly wrote poems for women while fighting for their rights were mainly women and feminists who want to pass certain message to the rest of the people. It is something that is common with poets who want to help women to also have same rights just like the men. It is important to note that since not all of them are faced by the same situation. Depending on the message that they wish to pass across to their audience they can decide to use elements of culture to be able to pass that message. The good thing about using things that people can relate with is that the artist ends up writing to the people who are interested in the topic. For example, Sharanya Manivanna mianly writes to the women. She could relate to the lives that the women lived and therefore made it her duty to ensure that the women were helped to overcome the challenges that they faced as a group. Since she is a woman, most of the women would feel that she was out to address their issues. Such a topic would not get so much attention if it was done by a man. It is evident that Sharanya Manivanna talked about things that she had encountered and therefore women could trust her to solve their issues. The culture of the people is that women belong to a certain section of the society that should perform a given set of duties. She incorporates this into her writing by addressing the issues that women as a group face. It is a result of this that she has been able to start a conversation about the right of women and whether they have been denied such rights for a long duration.

The good part of culture is also incorporated in the literary works to keep up the practice, for example a society that values honesty and hard work needs to have such values instilled in the upcoming generations. As time goes, one does not find time to inform his or her children about the values that they should use as a community. The use of literature can be of great importance because it enables the learner to learn them through the most convenient way. Many people love poems and songs and it the best medium that can be use to pass important information to people within a given group. The artists have always ensured that such values are included in their poems. The transition of a culture from one generation will depend on the medium used. There are some cases where it is not possible to use other mediums because not so many people are used to such a medium. Poems and songs are some of the oldest forms of literature that people used for entertainment and to hold values of the society. The norms of the society form the world literature and once they have been used in the pieces of literature, they become important tools that show other people to behave when in the community. For example, Rumi is known to be a Persian who fought the values of their culture as a community. Most of the works that he had were done in Persian language which is one aspect that shows he was so much interested in promoting their culture. He wanted to ensure that many people also learnt their language through the work he did. The literature of the world in this case is the use of the Persian language to express the things that he had in mind.

The artists can also incorporate world literature by condemning some of the things that people are doing. There are situations when certain undesirable behavior crops into society and someone is needed to address the issue. These can include bad governance as well lack of morals among the youth. There are political poets and musicians that have dedicated their art to fighting the impunity in society. It is evident that the best tools that are always used to reject bad governance and policies from the government is music and any other form of art that reaches the people. The poets and musicians have followers who love the work they do and would therefore be willing to listen to message that they have for them at any given time. This is the advantage that most of the poets to inform their followers of the things that are not going well in their society. Many people do not follow the day to day happenings and the use of such art can help them to be informed of the things that the government is not doing good.

Another way that the artists use to get the culture of the people into their work is through entertainment. Every society has a way in which they carry out their entertainment activities. There are songs and poems that are meant to entertain the people. They have a melody that one can relate with and can be used during leisure time. Such songs and poems do not carry any hearty messages about the society. In case they are about love, they will be addressed to a person in a manner that he society will understand. There are many literary works that have been used by other people for entertainment purposes. If the culture of the people is such that during one’s free time then he or she can use the songs, it is possible that such a society has so many songs that can be used for that specific purpose. Entertainment is an important aspect of any culture and must always make use of literature. The artists also make use of this value to be able to entertain their audience in the best way. In most cases, the performance of such pieces will b enhanced by the use of musical instruments so that the audience can feel entertained by the melody that comes from the instruments.

As a student of literature, it is important that I learn the ways that I can use to be able to preach my audience well. It is not an easy task to entertain and inform people of certain things in the society by making use of art. For me, I would ensure that every piece I write had both the elements of entertainment as well as education. The function of art is to entertain and educate the people. When coming up with any piece of art, I would ensure that a piece that is meant to educate the people provides the information they need while still offers entertainment. One that is meant for entertainment also has some important information that is of great importance to the readers. I would also ensure that the happenings I society are included in my work so that I can help my audience to be informed about the happenings in society. My literary works will be mainly based on the things that are currently happening in the society. They can be used to educate or entertain the people.

Works cited

Davis-Undiano, R.C. (Winter 2000). "Back to the Essay: World Literature Today in the Twenty-First Century" (PDF). World Literature Today. 74 (1): 1–5. doi:10.2307/40155302.

Butor, Michel (Spring 1982). "The Origin of the Text". World Literature Today. 56 (2): 207–208, 210, 212–215. doi:10.2307/40137506. JSTOR 40137506.

 Simon, Daniel (May 2015). "Editor's Note". World Literature Today. 89 (3).

Beowulf’s Blood Thirsty Characteristics

Beowulf’s Blood Thirsty Characteristics

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Beowulf’s Blood Thirsty Characteristics

Introduction

English literature is full of stories about the significant qualities of many heroes and legends that glorify their bravery and courage. Sometimes, these legends are celebrated in the form of short tales, stories and fables and sometimes they are glorified in the form of prose and poems. One of the brightest examples of this kind of praise or glorification is a legendary poem titled “Beowulf”. It is an epic poem about a strong and brave prince who is the prince of the kingdom of Geats. He comes to help Hrothgar, the King of Danes, who wants his mead hall to be freed by a monster Grendel. He also defeats Grendel’s Mother and kills a dragon in his later life. Beowulf is considered to be one of the most important works in English literature. Considering all the qualities that have been defined in the poem regarding Beowulf, many scholars consider him a hero. But is he actually a hero? Many experts and scholars in the area of English Literature argue that Beowulf was no more than a blood-thirsty monster who only knew how to kill and prey. The following details will look into the facts that how Beowulf was not actually a hero but a blood-thirsty monster who did not care about any lives and killed everyone brutally.

Discussion

Beowulf is a poem that puts emphasis on the positive characteristics of a heroic character, Beowulf. Beowulf is portrayed to be brave and strong character who fights monsters and dragons all alone. He is fearless and faces all the dangers in his way in a very courageous manner, but at the same time, it is seen that he loves bloodshed a lot; a little more than normal. There are multiple pieces of evidence that can be found in the poem that Beowulf was not a hero but in fact he was only a maniac who wanted blood everywhere.

He used to kill everywhere and anywhere he found a chance and slew more than one people at a time, His craziness is proven from these lines in the poem.

“Thoughts were as quick as his greed or his claws

He slipped through the door and there in the silence

Snatched up thirty men, smashed them

Unknowing in their beds and ran out with their bodies,

The blood dripping behind him, back

To his lair, delighted with his night’s slaughter”

Heaney, S. (2009)

At another instance, it has been shown that Beowulf, being strong and powerful person, did not hesitate to injure or even kill anyone.

“Killing as often as he could”

The people also portray that Beowulf was not only a cruel and savage man but also an extremely arrogant person who did not listen to anyone and if anyone tried to talk or negotiate with him, he either completely ignored him or killed him. The proof of this is given in the lines

“How the monster relished his savage war

On the Danes keeping the bloody feud

Alive, seeking no peace, offering

No truce, accepting no settlement, no price

In gold or land, and paying the living

For one crime only with another.”

Conclusion

Hence, in a nutshell, in the light of all the above arguments and pieces of evidence, it can be concluded that Beowulf was more of a monster than a hero. He only craved killing and bloodshed. He was a bloodthirsty person who was very proud of his power and strength. He did not hesitate in killing anybody and killed a number of people at times. He was very arrogant as well and did not like to talk or negotiate with anyone if anyone tried to settle things with him.

References

Heaney, S. (2009). Beowulf. Faber & Faber.

Blake’s “the Chimney Sweeper”

[Your Name]

[Instructor Name]

[Course Number]

[Date]

Blake’s “The Chimney Sweeper”

Publication of The Chimney Sweeper coincided with French and American revolutions which were the driving forces behind the age of Romanticism in English literature. Romantics are famous for raising the issues of the common people. Child labor in England reached its zenith when Blake wrote this poem. Orphan and poor children were forced to remove soot from the narrow tops of chimneys. Most of them died inside the chimneys or succumbed to fatal diseases which were the result of this killing job. Blake, like every Romantic litterateur, wrote for the political purposes and his audience is common man of England. This poem motivates a common citizen to raise voice against this evil practice of mass assassination of innocent young children.

Blake has used different rhetorical strategies in this six-quatrain poem to make his audience sympathetic towards the young chimney sweepers. The use of first-person pronoun ‘I’ disassociates the poet from the poem and a chimney sweeper becomes the narrator of the poem. In this way, first-hand experience of the job and life of a chimney sweeper is delivered to the audience. It is a dramatic monologue where narrative is told by single person. The first two lines reveal that the narrator was sold early after his mother’s death by his father to a Sweeper. The word ‘weep’ in the third line has pun on it, and its repetition shows the miserable state of the children working as sweepers. Blake uses actual human names like Tom Dacre, Dick, and Joe to materialize the issue and to familiarize his audience to the agonies of the sweepers. Blake uses imagery like “coffins of black” etcetera to stir the imagination of his audience. Similes and metaphors are also used to attract appeal the imagination of a British common citizen in the best way.

Text of The Chimney Sweeper shows that the poem is intended to inspire the common man to renounce those inhumane activities that are imposed by the elite over the fragile citizens and to stand for change. Blake’s text is witness itself that every word has been noted to encourage a common British citizen for change. Blake becomes a didactic poet while composing the last and concluding line of the poem, he encourages a common citizen to be loyal to his/her job to make his/her land prosper. He concludes the poem saying: “So if all do their duty they need not fear harm” (Poem Analysis, N.P).

Works Cited

"Analysis Of The Chimney Sweeper By William Blake." Poem Analysis. N. p., 2016. Web. 31 Oct. 2019.

British And American Magic Realism

Author

Instructor Name

Subject

Date

British and American Magic Realism

Magic realism is a genre of fiction that portrays reality by combining it with the elements of fantasy, and this unification results in the inclusion of mythical elements into the realistic fiction ((PDF) Magical Realism and Its European Essence). This genre shares proximity with fantasy, but instead of wizards and witchcraft tales, the former includes such extraordinary elements and events where a person can respond to such events as if they are real and ordinary. For instance, in Midnight’s Children, Saleem hides himself in the basket of the witch, Parvati, and holds his council meetings (Wani and Mehta, Magical Realism Reflected in the Salman Rushdie's novel Midnight's Children).

The reception of magic realism in American fiction can be seen in Tony Morrison’s work of fiction, Beloved. In this novel, the elements of black folklore and the character of Beloved, reveal the elements of magic realism and link it with the slavery trauma and sufferings of the black slaves. According to Morrison, the use of magic realism as a technique in the Afro-American fiction enable the authors to gather their fragmented history and allow them to be the narrator of their past ((PDF) Speaking the Unspoken: Rewriting Identity Loss and Memory of Slavery through Magical Realism in Toni Morrison’s Beloved-Semantic Scholar).

The treatment of magic realism in British fiction does not involve collective or racial trauma, slavery, and postcolonial themes. However, it depicts a postmodern portrayal of Great Britain and turns the mundane memories of characters into the extraordinary narrative. For instance, British author Neil Gaiman’s novel The Ocean at the End of the Lane discusses the relation of the author and the imaginary character Lettie and the memories of a forty-year-old past surface again. This genre undeniably highlights the human suffering, recalls the unwanted past, and presents a distinct worldview of ordinary people by making it extraordinary and surreal.

Works Cited

“(PDF) Magical Realism and Its European Essence.” Accessed November 3, 2019. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315983851_Magical_Realism_and_its_European_Essence.

Wani, Shabir Ahmad, and Mani Mohan Mehta. “Magical Realism Reflected in the Salman Rushdie’s Novel Midnight’s Children,” n.d., 3.

“[PDF] Speaking the Unspoken: Rewriting Identity Loss and Memory of Slavery through Magical Realism in Toni Morrison’s Beloved - Semantic Scholar.” Accessed November 3, 2019. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Speaking-the-Unspoken%3A-Rewriting-Identity-Loss-and-Abdullah/17b91da6a0d646f14590aee1ed6888f4241c5146.

Catholic Identity Discussion

Catholic Identity Discussion

[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees]

[Institutional Affiliation(s)]

Author Note

[Include any grant/funding information and a complete correspondence address.]

Catholic Identity Discussion

Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie is a known Nigerian novelist reveals the dangers of a single story in one of her lectures. TED Global broadcasted her lecture with the title “The danger of a Single Story” where she shares her experiences where she misperceived and misunderstood many concepts and societies because they were told with the help of single stories. She reveals a single story of her houseboy Fiddly when she was 8. She tells that Fiddly had a pitiable picture in her mind and she used to think that he was born poor and cursed because he was born in a certain home on earth (Adichie, 2009). The reason behind this was that her mother had told her a single story about Fiddly that he was too poor because his parents were poor. Then she shares her experience when she had to live with White Americans and tells how that White Americans used to think that Africans are born with rough nature and unsophisticated minds. Adichie tells the reason that American's belief saying that it was based upon the story of an African. The use of stories to form beliefs and thought of people is a traditional human practice (Hewett, 2005). One of the provided sources is Catholic Social Teaching that reveals how beliefs and moral values are formed in Catholic social teachings and how they are taught and spread using single stories. Nevertheless, Adichie claims that whether right or wrong, when we rely on a single story to understand a culture or society, we risk our capability of understanding and we risk truth. I agree with Adichie's claim because the human being is vulnerable to ill beliefs and if a person attempts to understand a society or culture with the help of one single story, understanding of some aspects of that society is not guaranteed, but a misunderstanding about many other factors is guaranteed.

References

Adichie, C. N. (2009). The danger of a single story.

Hewett, H. (2005). Coming of age: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and the voice of the third generation. English in Africa, 32(1), 73-97.

Chapter 8 The Great Gatsby

The Great Gatsby

Author Name

[Institution]

The Great Gatsby

The demise of American dream designs the theme of The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald provides us a chance to have a look into the life of elite class. The writer narrates that the American ideals turned into materialistic power and also narrates that the elite class and society do not have any intellect of ethics.

James Gatz’s diligent work presents longing Jay Gatsby, the man who symbolizes American dream: perpetual hope and optimism. Gatsby wants to have the affection of a girl named Daisy and that is one of the variants of old American dream: a far-fetched aim and a consistent look to find the opportunity which could help him to achieve this aim ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"Iyl3NrTC","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Roberts, 2006)","plainCitation":"(Roberts, 2006)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":441,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/jsvqEXt1/items/5MTBFWJE"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/jsvqEXt1/items/5MTBFWJE"],"itemData":{"id":441,"type":"article-journal","title":"Scarface, The Great Gatsby, and the American Dream","container-title":"Literature/Film Quarterly","page":"71","volume":"34","issue":"1","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Roberts","given":"Marilyn"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2006"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Roberts, 2006). This is demonstrated when Gatsby is first presented to the reader “with his hands in his pockets out to determine what share was his of our local heavens”. Jay Gatsby was never acknowledged by the individuals who, according to him are “old money”– implying that they were progressively in charge of their riches and did not toss it around, and he considered himself as “new money”, which means he was increasingly anxious to flaunt the way that he was one of the big guns. He was not understood by the individuals like Daisy and Tom and some others. They exploit his huge gatherings yet they don't acknowledge him. He buckled down to be acknowledged, and be part of company enjoyed by riches -east eggs- ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"Fff3VDS0","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Pearson, 1970)","plainCitation":"(Pearson, 1970)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":442,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/jsvqEXt1/items/ZFJA8F9I"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/jsvqEXt1/items/ZFJA8F9I"],"itemData":{"id":442,"type":"article-journal","title":"Gatsby: False prophet of the American dream","container-title":"The English Journal","page":"638–645","volume":"59","issue":"5","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"Gatsby","author":[{"family":"Pearson","given":"Roger L."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1970"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Pearson, 1970). The verification that he never accomplished his goals owes his demise. Klipspringer vanishes when he catches the news that Gatsby passed away. Indeed, even Daisy was in love with Gatsby left East egg. Gatsby made a decent attempt as long as he can remember to gain and participate in American dream. His demise demonstrates to us that, despite the fact that he buckled down, made profits and hosted luxury parties to satisfy others, and died at the end, and did not by any means get what he needed the most, Daisy.

References

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Pearson, R. L. (1970). Gatsby: False prophet of the American dream. The English Journal, 59(5), 638–645.

Roberts, M. (2006). Scarface, The Great Gatsby, and the American Dream. Literature/Film Quarterly, 34(1), 71.

Character Assignment

Lydia Ellis

Instructor Name

Course Number

27th January 27, 2020

Character assignment

It was a fine spring morning; the sun was shining through trees and its rays felt like a golden beam of warmth. My friend and I were sitting on a bench admiring the weather when suddenly one of our mutual friends, Pace Naomi, arrived…her arrival was unexpected yet we greeted her with a warm heart. She was a year younger than both of us and that made her 19 years of age. We all went to the same college, and she lived in the same community with her boyfriend, Landon, who had a full-time job.

She seemed quite upset and gloomy so my friend inquired about what had happened. At first, she seemed reluctant to tell us anything but after a while, she opened up. She told us that she visited her mother’s house. My friend asked again what the problem was because it seemed odd to us that someone after visiting their mother would be sad. She then told us the whole story.

Although she loved her mother, Tanya, but she was controlling and emotionally abusive. Tanya, was a doctor and had a well-established career but still, she neglected the fact that her constant criticism affected Pace’s personality. Her mother used guilt to manipulate her and she didn’t even realize that what she was doing to her daughter.

She told us that one day she went out with her friends and was late by half an hour. Her mother made her stand outside the house in cold and later on, she held Naomi, responsible for all this unpleasant situation, due to which she had to leave her house.

While she was packing her things she remembered how both her parents used to take her to park and played with her. She did not want to leave the house as she spent her childhood there, but she had no other option left. Her mother was not ready to change and Pace did not want to live a suffocating life with her controlling mother.

Pace went to her mother’s house after a few months but as soon as she saw her she said: “You better not come here again to disturb my peaceful life. I am better off without you”. Her remarks caused immense pain to Pace and that is why she was sad and upset. Her mother did not realize her poor behavior and still held Pace responsible for all the chaos in their lives. She could have been polite and gentle while treating her daughter. No child lives happily without their parents especially when they need them the most. Naomi Pace can only hope that one day her mother may change.

Cheat Sheet

Cheat sheet

Themes

Stories

Explanation

Gender roles, masculinity

Munro's Boys and Girls

Woolf’s The Mark on the Wall

A young girl on puberty learns the differences of gender when she has to fit in the feminine role. A woman is portrayed as emotionally weak and dependent.

Men take authoritative roles and are ruling the world.

Destructive relationships

Bradbury’s The Veldt

Saunder’s Puppy

Checkov’s Gooseberries

Parental negligence and inability to perform their duty results in destructive relationships between parents and children.

The video game destructs the behaviour of the child that causes his mother to take strict measures for preventing him from danger.

Technology has undermined the relationship between children and parents.

Isolation

Checkov’s Gooseberries

Bradbury's The Veldt

Increased dependence on technology causes social isolation. Children spend more time on social media that distances them from their parents.

Prenatal negligence creates isolation for the children.

Search for freedom

Dandicat A Wall on Fire Rising

Morrison’s Recitatif

Byet’s The Thing in the Forest

The story exhibits the search for freedom and escapes from poverty. The balloon is the symbolic language for freedom.

The sufferings of blacks are the result of racism. The word Nigger portrays racial discrimination and searches for freedom. The absence of freedom undermines the concept of peace and liberty.

Themes of escape are visible in Penny’s and Promise’s attempts of leaving forest.

Grief and trauma

Poe’s The Cask of Amontillado

Mukherjee’s The Management of Grief

Byet’s The Thing in the Forest

Montresor in the story encounters grief that promotes the feelings of vengeance and madness. Trauma is apparent in the intoxication of the character.

Shalia is a middle-aged Indian widow who encounters trauma and grief. Mourners symbolize grief and loss.

Forest symbolized loss and grief. Penny and Promise struggles of escaping the forest represent their trauma.

Chinese Literature Final Exam

Chinese Literature- Final Exam

[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees]

[Institutional Affiliation(s)]

Chinese Literature

Question 1: Compare the poems of Wang Wei, Li Po, and Tu Fu. What philosophies are these poets usually associated with? How do their poems exemplify the philosophies (Only use one poem for each poet)?

Answer: Wang Wei had been one of the greatest poems in Chinese history. He had served in the civil services, back in 721. His love for the literature can be observed with his writings about the many different aspects of life. There are many of the works that can be associated t him as his best compilations. But the philosophy we could associate Wang Wei with is the Life. How he takes the perspective of life in many different ways and makes his readers travel with him to many aspects. In his poem ‘Climbing Pien- chueh Temple' that is translated by Stephen Owen, he has presented the aspects of life that are deeply connected with the soul and the physical world ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"v9jTcTUR","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Mair, 2001, p. 90)","plainCitation":"(Mair, 2001, p. 90)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":626,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/EFKQKW7F"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/EFKQKW7F"],"itemData":{"id":626,"type":"book","title":"The shorter Columbia anthology of traditional Chinese literature","publisher":"Columbia University Press","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Mair","given":"Victor H."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2001"]]}},"locator":"90","label":"page"}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Mair, 2001, p. 90). In this poem, Wang Wei has exemplified the life with the movement of the soul that passes through many hard phases to get itself calm and soothing.

Li Po, in his personal life, has experienced many distractions. His life had never remained much rewarding to him. This aspect is therefore apparent in his poetic work. He has written in his poem about the boldness and grace. The boldness and grace for him are two opposite sides of life. What his poems exemplify are, combining the opposite aspects of life. This shows that life had been the philosophy of Li Po. In his poem ‘To Meng Hao- jan', Li has explored what the life of a drunken man is all about ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"JsJOvi4Y","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Mair, 2001, p. 92)","plainCitation":"(Mair, 2001, p. 92)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":626,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/EFKQKW7F"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/EFKQKW7F"],"itemData":{"id":626,"type":"book","title":"The shorter Columbia anthology of traditional Chinese literature","publisher":"Columbia University Press","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Mair","given":"Victor H."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2001"]]}},"locator":"92","label":"page"}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Mair, 2001, p. 92). He explores the ways how the drunken man takes his life to some time on the very high nodes and in some times, he comes at the very bottom of the times in his life. He exemplifies through his poems such aspects of life by amalgamating them with the grace and the boldness, being drunken is how ungraceful one is.

Tu Fu compared to both Wang Wei and Li Po, had not been that much success in life. His civil service experience reveals that he left the side of the life which he found cumbersome. Therefore he decided to move on with the new phases ‘the- poetry' which he has conquered them. In his poem ‘At the sky's end', he had explored what is life when anyone has nothing ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"ubhcMuVw","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Mair, 2001, p. 98)","plainCitation":"(Mair, 2001, p. 98)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":626,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/EFKQKW7F"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/EFKQKW7F"],"itemData":{"id":626,"type":"book","title":"The shorter Columbia anthology of traditional Chinese literature","publisher":"Columbia University Press","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Mair","given":"Victor H."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2001"]]}},"locator":"98","label":"page"}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Mair, 2001, p. 98). Although he wrote this poem by referring to his friend's life, the sky's end is what he thinks is the end of life when one is left with no other choices in hand. His philosophy is just about an unsuccessful life and how it can be related to the one end of the sky. Sky's end is how he had exemplified the end of life.

Author of Climbing Pien- chueh Temple: Written by Wang Wei, translated by Stephen Owen

Date of Writing: 756

Author of To Meng Hao- jan: Written by Li Po, translated by Stephen Owen

Date of Writing: 756

Author of At the sky’s end: Written by Tu Fu, translated by David Lattimore

Date of Writing: 749

Question 3: In “Red Cliff Rhapsody,” why did Su Shih’s play the flute plaintively? Explain Su Shih’s answer to him. How would you characterize his worldview which made his guests happy again?

Answer: In the ‘Red Cliff Rhapsody', Su Shih has been telling about his experience of traveling towards the red cliff. Red Cliff is accompanied by some of the guests towards their destination. About the environment, they had been traveling in is the best one can imagine. Su Shih remembers that he and his friends were drunk and were enjoying the sight of the sea. The moon as observed by Su Shih was moving with them and his light was glittering the surface of the sea. Su Shih thought at that time he could not remember where exactly their destination was. Since Su Shih was completely indulged in the sight of that view, he started singing. He played the flute plaintively as the moon sight according to him, made sad one of the widow on her lonely boat ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"BJohhkzH","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Mair, 2001, p. 239)","plainCitation":"(Mair, 2001, p. 239)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":626,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/EFKQKW7F"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/EFKQKW7F"],"itemData":{"id":626,"type":"book","title":"The shorter Columbia anthology of traditional Chinese literature","publisher":"Columbia University Press","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Mair","given":"Victor H."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2001"]]}},"locator":"239","label":"page"}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Mair, 2001, p. 239).

Su Shi explained to his guests that he is mesmerized by this view. For him, the moon, the glittering light of it on the surface of the sea and this endless journey are one of the things, he wants to achieve. But at the same time, he also confesses in front of his guests that he knew he can never be the part of that world. His view that made his friends happy was the comparison of the earth and the heavens with that of the moon and the water. He mentioned that these all can never meet, therefore he thought that one should think of himself as eternal ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"jASOGU8V","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Mair, 2001, p. 240)","plainCitation":"(Mair, 2001, p. 240)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":626,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/EFKQKW7F"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/EFKQKW7F"],"itemData":{"id":626,"type":"book","title":"The shorter Columbia anthology of traditional Chinese literature","publisher":"Columbia University Press","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Mair","given":"Victor H."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2001"]]}},"locator":"240","label":"page"}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Mair, 2001, p. 240). This made his friends happy again. His world view suggests that everything in the world is eternal and moves with us- human beings just as part of our lives. As like Su cannot be the part of the world, he wished for, similar is true for the rest of the people who live on the face of this earth. Just we can enjoy this sight and cannot indulge into that for the sake of attaining the everlasting pleasures.

Author of At the Red cliff: Su Shi

Date of Writing: 1082

Question 5: What literary techniques and arguments did Han Yu use in “Memorial on the Bone of Buddha” to dissuade the emperor from welcoming a relic of the Buddha to the imperial palace?

Answer: The literary techniques and arguments used by Han in the memorial of the bone of Buddha are all about how the Confucianism is related to the peaceful teachings of Buddhism. He mentions that since we had been the followers of this very peaceful religion and the teachings of it remain peaceful for the entire world, therefore we must promulgate them in a more active manner. Han has been very submissive to his Majesty, therefore he dissuades the emperor from welcoming a relic of Buddha to the Imperial Palace.

He based his reasoning on the notion that since the Majesty is supreme to all over them, therefore he must not personally sit inside the pavilion and witness the monks taking part in the whole exercise. Han argues that since the people are very stupid and they will start believing in whatever wrong will come in their minds, therefore you must abide doing so. The reason he proposes is that if the Supreme leader of their will does this act, the people will think that he has started worshipping someone else. This according to him is what not desirable ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"Hiuh4k8Q","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Zhang, 1984, p. 252)","plainCitation":"(Zhang, 1984, p. 252)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":628,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/QQB96BXZ"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/QQB96BXZ"],"itemData":{"id":628,"type":"book","title":"Poetry and Prose of the Tang and Song","publisher":"Beijing: Chinese Literature Press","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Zhang","given":"Xianliang"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1984"]]}},"locator":"252","label":"page"}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Zhang, 1984, p. 252). He further mentions that this can also make the people depress and they will be forced by their emotions to leave everything that they have gathered in your love. He also bases his opinion on the reasons that if the Supreme leader would be a witness in this way by his followers, they will start teasing themselves also. He then draws a picture of the conflict and destruction that would be happening, if such a scene is witnessed by the people. So Han argues that for the sake of the unity of our people and for the sake of our religion, the emperor must abide doing so. This is what, according to Han is desirable.

Author of Memorial on the bone of Buddha: Han Yu

Date of writing: 819

REFERENCES:

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Mair, V. H. (2001). The shorter Columbia anthology of traditional Chinese literature. Columbia University Press.

Zhang, X. (1984). Poetry and Prose of the Tang and Song. Beijing: Chinese Literature Press.

College Should Be Free Just Like K-12

Name

Professor name

Subject

15 August, 2019

College should be just like K-12

K-12 offers the best opportunities of learning and socializing to the students. Colleges based on the framework of K-12 are better because they are focusing on the overall development of the students. K-12 curriculum provides the best opportunity for mastering the basic skills such as reading and writing. Acquiring math skills is another benefit of the K-12 colleges. The teachers in these colleges adopt effective teaching strategies that improves the language and mathematical skills of learners. The purpose of integrating flexible practices is to adapt instructional materials in appropriate manner that enhances the overall proficiency of the students. These colleges instruct teachers to integrate knowledge of instructional practices that provide in-depth understanding of the concepts and enhances students ability of using them in the most appropriate manner. Educators explain the concepts in a manner that allow students to use them in ordinary life.

K-12 colleges also emphasize on enhancing the general knowledge of the students. They learn to develop various mathematical ideas and determine how they can be used in real life. Educators use their skills and competencies for designing and managing classroom discourse. Teaching science is another prominent feature of the K-12 colleges. The courses and familiarity with the concepts of science assures that the students appreciates the beauty and wonder of science. The teaching techniques and the syllabus allow students to gain in-depth knowledge of science and engineering. Cross-cultural concepts allow students to apply science in real-life CITATION Car151 \l 1033 (Christ).

Students in colleges can learn how to socialize and integrate in the society. The experience of successful socialization process at colleges allow individuals to adapt to the society’s environment. K-12 colleges provide a positive environment where students exchange words with others that helps them in improving communication skills.

Work Cited

BIBLIOGRAPHY Christ, Carol. Higher education: Should college be free for all? . 2015. 15 08 2019 <https://blogs.berkeley.edu/2015/05/23/higher-education/>.

Pennington, Kenneth. High school is free in the US. College should be too. 2016. 15 08 2019 <https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/sep/09/us-high-school-education-free-college-for-profit>.

Commentaries

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of Instructor]

[Subject]

[Date]

Living Without Principle

“Living Without Principle” is a classic work that is based on the notion that life is meant to be experienced, relished and enjoyed, not to be spent merely earning money for the sake of feeding oneself. This theme resonates throughout the work of Henry David Thoreau, who gives examples to demonstrate his point and convince the reader. He argues that people are focused so much on earning wages that they forget to enjoy their lives. He lambasts the American wage system and how it exploits the majority of the people by robbing them of their most precious resource: time.

Thoreau sets out the examples of people he knows and witnesses such as laborers, his neighbors and others whose activities and styles of living he considers mundane and commonplace. He argues that laborers deprive themselves when they work solely for receiving sufficient wages to get by. This denies them the pleasures of life such as poetry and philosophy, without which one cannot truly experience the felicities of life in Thoreau’s view. He opines that binding one’s self-worth for the sake of wages in everyday work is akin to slavery. This notion has been repeated in various examples such as Thoreau’s neighbor who mows his lawn every morning without any satisfaction and enjoyment.

Thoreau’s views are explicitly anti-capitalist and he views the world with a different lens than most people. His argument that people should strive for joy and bliss in life in the form of poetry and philosophy rather than for the mundane, everyday activity of labor for the sake of earning money is powerful and thought-provoking. Thoreau shows the reality of this world: a materialistic place with no liveliness. His view of the world being a place of gloom because of excessive material lust is an eye opener, especially in the contemporary world.

Commentary

Your Name

Professor Utzman

ENGL 2331-#

Day Month Year

Commentary on Literature

Walden: Life in the Woods is a renowned book which manifests the attributes of nature and associates it with life. It is a book written by Henry David Thoreau who is a well-known transcendentalist. I found this book and the story intriguing as it resembled my nature in true letter and spirits. It opened many gateways for my thoughts and gave me a new direction to ponder upon. The book narrates the experiences of Thoreau who lived in a cabin for more than two years. His story highlights the worth and significance of self-actualization. I find the story intriguing and closer to my heart as it discusses the stages of self-acceptance. The experiences of a person are shared who is far away from the materialistic culture and values of the world. Essentially, humans witnessed evolution from nature and will ultimately return to it. The story offers an explicit account of the significance of modesty and nature is manifested as the ultimate resort destined for human beings.

To begin, it is essential to underpin the critical association of humans and nature. If I ever get a chance to start a new life, I would prefer living alone in nature. Nature is apparent in each venture of human life and thus is the perfect companion. None can deny or shun the essence of nature in this world. In this story, the author highlights the vital role of self-reliance. A man is totally sufficient for his own self and this is the lesson taught by nature as all of us have to face the grave challenges of the world by ourselves. Thoreau narrates the story in an optimistic tone and states that living in nature as a fruitful act. According to Thoreau, self-acceptance can either be social or economic. The progress of the world lies at the very heart of this concept. It is worthy to highlight the critical aspect of modesty deliberated in the story. For instance, the author beautifully states the beauty of simplicity in every phase of life and does relate simplicity to the economically beneficial it could be for us. The lines I liked the most from this story are “—I will breathe freely and stretch myself in this respect, it is such a relief to both the moral and physical system; and I am resolved that I will not through humility become the devil’s attorney” ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"V7nlMu3k","properties":{"formattedCitation":"({\\i{}Walden, by Henry David Thoreau})","plainCitation":"(Walden, by Henry David Thoreau)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":188,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/6hWtnKoy/items/2J7RX8CX"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/6hWtnKoy/items/2J7RX8CX"],"itemData":{"id":188,"type":"webpage","title":"Walden, by Henry David Thoreau","URL":"http://www.gutenberg.org/files/205/205-h/205-h.htm","accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",4,15]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Walden, by Henry David Thoreau). These lines give a profound insight into the importance of human existence and thus I adore them the most. The supremacy of more human himself as a being rather than the attractions of the materialistic world.

To conclude, the author explains how independence is important for the identity of any human. Humans born free and they are subjected to live free but materialism and industrialism have affected the entities and natural existence of humans. The nature of human beings is of utmost essence and it differentiated them from the other entities of the world. This is the primary element that gives privilege to human and respects him in all dimensions of his identity. Since humans are derived from the other nature, it offers them comfort and pleasure. The most beautiful lesson that the story has taught is being one's own self in this age of materialism where nothing is pure. To sum up, nature plays an instrumental role and is the only source which fuels the human spirits potentially.

Works cited

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Walden, by Henry David Thoreau. http://www.gutenberg.org/files/205/205-h/205-h.htm. Accessed 15 Apr. 2019.

Commentary

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of Instructor]

[Subject]

[Date]

The Cask of Amontillado

Edgar Allan Poe’s anecdote is an account of revenge which is furthered by an array of symbolism and irony. Montresor, the protagonist is adamant on taking revenge from Fortunato because he insulted him. He cites his family motto ‘no one assails me with impunity’ as inspiration to seek vengeance on Fortunato. Montresor’s plan is to use Fortunato’s love for wine to lure him to his own grave.

The symbolism begins with the title of the anecdote. ‘Cask’ is a container that holds beverages but is also the root word of 'casket'. So, when Montresor informs Fortunato that he is taking him to a cask, he means that he is, in fact, leading him to his own casket to take revenge for insulting him. Moreover, the phrase ‘supreme madness of the carnival season’ is actually a reflection of Montresor’s state of mind, since he is obsessed with revenge. Another instance of symbolism that relates to revenge is Fortunato’s dress which is described as ‘tight-fitting parti-striped’. This can be interpreted as an unwise choice of clothing which symbolizes how foolish Fortunato really is.

The irony in the story supports the theme of revenge as well. The name Fortunato translates to ‘the fortunate one’ but it is clear towards the end that he is anything but fortunate. Furthermore, Montresor informs him that he is a ‘mason’ which Fortunato interprets as Montresor being a member of the secret society but is, in fact, an ironic statement since he is about to bury Fortunato alive using his masonry skills. Another ironic statement is made by Montresor during the journey as he drinks to Fortunato’s long life, which is ironic since he is about to end it.

The cask of Amontillado is a tale of revenge made potent by the irony and symbolism that is evident throughout the tale.

Commentary

Name of Student

Name of Professor

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Day Month Year

Commentary

The short story “The Tell-Tale Heart” gives an insight into the psyche of the protagonist and is an example of his gothic horror style of writing. Its author Edger Ellen Poe is known for the gothic horror genre of writing.

It is the narration of a man whose name is not mentioned. He explains how he committed a murder in a very detailed way. The reason is that he wants prove that he is not insane, rather he is more precise and accurate in his actions. He tells about his ability to dissimulate the things. He says that he had a great sense of hearing he could hear the things in the heaven and earth and also in the hell.

The tone of the story is very dreadful and sad. The gloominess and nervousness runs through each line.

The eye of the old man to which he refers as the vulture eye is the major symbol in the story. Apparently the reason of the murder given by the protagonist is the “Vulture eye” of the old man. He said he loved old man but it was his eye that drove him crazy. Another important symbol is watch. Watch tells time and its ticking emphasizes the fact that the inevitable death is reaching.

In the story there are many groups of short sentences and long sentences. The longer sentences are actually more precise and descriptive in details while the short sentences are more frustrating.

The major themes of the story are of insanity and guilt. It was the insanity that lead to such a hideous crime and the confession occurred due to the guilty conscience of the protagonist.

Works Cited

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe. http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYper/POE/telltale.html. Accessed 3 Apr. 2019.

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RAPPACCINIS DAUGHTER: AN ANALYSIS

“To Beatrice--so radically had her earthly part been wrought upon by Rappaccini's skill, as poison had been life, so the powerful antidote was death.”

-Nathaniel Hawthorne

The following paper analyzes the central idea and other interrelated aspects of a short story, “Rappaccini’s Daughter.” The story is written in 1844 by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The short narration revolves around the isolated scientific experiments of Dr. Giacomo Rappaccini who secretly nurtured a poisonous garden. According to the main posit of the story, it is evident that there is a battle between good and evil and the idea is a metaphor that is borrowed from the biblical perception regarding the adversaries of science.

The story asserts the disadvantages of science on humans, and it is demonstrated that the proximity of poisons makes Rappaccini’s Daughter, Beatrice poisonous too and she becomes lethal for any living thing comes near to her. However, regardless of several reprimands of his mentor, a young student Giovanni falls in love with Beatrice. The persistent immediacy of poisonous plants infuses similar attributes in Giovanni as well. Later on it is depicted that to stay together with Beatrice; he brings her a potent antidote; however, the cure does not affect Beatrice and proven to be fatal for her, and consequently, she dies.

By analyzing the narration and its underlying message, it is definite that according to the author, science is not an advantageous practice for humans. Beatrice was young and beautiful and was able to indulge in a balanced and happy life, but the incorporation of science experiments robbed her chance of normalcy. And instead of getting healed, the antidote takes her precious life. However, of course, it is an ancient and outdated perspective, and the modern era has altered the mind frame of people to an exacerbated extent. And in due course, it is believed that not all religious factors are good neither all scientific procedurals are necessarily evil.

Work Cited

Hawthorne , Nathaniel. Rappaccinis Daughter - Columbia University. 2010, www.columbia.edu/itc/english/f1124y-001/resources/Rappaccinis_Daughter.pdf.

Commentary

Name of Student

Name of Professor

Name of Class

Day Month Year

THE BIRTH-MARK: AN ANALYSIS

“The momentary circumstance was too strong for him; he failed to look beyond the shadowy scope of time, and, living once for all in eternity, to find the perfect future in the present.”

-Nathaniel Hawthorne

The following paper analyzes the main idea and other interrelated dimensions of a short story, “The Birth-mark.” The short story was written by a 19th century’s romantic author, Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1843. The narration pivots two leading dispositions that are Georgina and her husband Aylmer who is an excellent and brilliant scientist. Aylmer loves Georgina from the depth of his heart, but yet a birth-mark on her cheek makes him feel distressed about her imperfection. Consequently, the science emerges in the disguise of a solution but destroys the splendor of everything.

Aylmer yearns for perfection and in his dreams; Aylmer attempts to remove the imperfect birth-mark from Georgina’s cheek. And in due course, Aylmer sleep-talks that in turn develop consciousness in Georgina about her flaw. Later on, it is depicted in the story that Aylmer conducts a myriad of the experiment in his laboratory without taking Georgina in confidence. However, eventually, Georgina explores the truth and allows her husband to carry on. Aylmer assures Georgiana that he is going to try one last time and asks her to drink a potion. By consuming the medicine, Georgina falls asleep, and in her sleep, the birthmark starts to diminish. But it is revealed that the fading of her birthmark was associated with her life and after removal of the blemish she dies.

“The Birth-mark” supports the perception that favors the adversary of science and signifies the human emotions in comparison. The similar notion is portrayed in Hawthorne’s other short stories including “Rappaccini’s Daughter,” in which the science is asserted as a corrupt practice. Similarly, the central posit of “The Birthmark” highlights a substantial conflict between science and the obsessive power of love. And it is elaborated that the possibility of science ruined the beauty and contentment of a beautiful and delicate relationship. However, the new epoch denies such a proposition, but yet it was the most enthralling theme of literature throughout the nineteenth century.

Work Cited

Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Selected Tales and Sketches: (the Best Short Stories of Nathaniel Hawthorne). Digireads.com Pub., 2007.

Compare And Contrast

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of Instructor]

[Subject]

[Date]

Compare and Contrast

The story "Me Talk Pretty One Day" was written by David Sedaris. In this book, he discussed his life experiences through twenty-eight short essays. He added humor to the stories as he was humorist and wrote various other collections of humorous essays. In the story, two characters that are Sedaris and Gretchen have so many differences in terms of gender, abilities, talent, and life experience. Sedaris was the author who explained his life experience while Gretchen was his sister. His sister had a different life experience which made her personality extremely different than that of Sedaris. The objective of the essay is to compare and contrast two characters, Sedaris and Gretchen, to analyze the impact of life experience on child development.

In Childhood environment, parents, and siblings play an important role in the cognitive development of the children. Sedaris and Gretchen were six siblings.Among them, Sedaris faced most problems in studying and learning different things while Gretchen was a talented girl who has a number of abilities. The role of parents is really important for children for learning new things. Sedaris found his parents strict towards his activities. Stereotypes were experienced by Sedaris on different stages. Lines are written in the story like “The trouble is that she’s just so darn pretty. That’s the danger right there. Plus, you know, she’s a girl,”and “You don't want to be doing that," the men in our families would say. "That's a girl thing,” CITATION Dav \l 1033 (Sedaris)indicates that his parents were overprotective towards gender differences. "He was born a long time ago and was convinced that marriage is a woman’s only real shot at happiness. Because it was always assumed that we would lead professional lives, my brother and Iwere free to grow as plump and ugly as we liked.” CITATION Dav \l 1033 (Sedaris)These stereotypes developed the mentality of the parents who later on, taught these things to their children and applied the boundaries based on the gender on them. Sedaris faced issues like the language barrier, confusion in choosing professions, identifying his real talent because he was not ready to accept these stereotypes. However, Gretchen easily learned to respect herparent's decisions. From childhood, she had been taught what are the limits of the girls and she followed these stereotypes. Not only hisparents but Sedaris’s teacher also talked about gender and identified them in a sentence like, “You need to believe you’re playing an actual woman,” in which Sedaris’s guitar teacher telling the students that think guitar like a woman and play with them. This indicates that parents and teachers had a great influence on both children but Sedaris was the one who questioned these stereotypes and tried to find his own way but got confused due to the difference in mentality between him and his parents. However, Gretchen accepted parent’s perception and fulfilled their instructions and wishes.

Every child acquires his own abilities and skills. It is not important that all siblings should have the same choice or skills. Likewise, in the case ofGretchen and Sedaris, both had different tastes but Sedaris faced the problem due to the parent's pressure and teacher's strictness. The main issue was the attention. Sedaris often spent his time thinking about other things during the lesson and felt bored which slowly decreased his attention. For instance, during his guitar class, he used to think that "I’d definitely won my-teacher-is-stranger-than-your competition. Iwondered where Mister Mancini lived and who he might call in case of an emergency. Did he stand on a chair in order to shave, or was his home customized to meet his needs? I’d look at the laundry hamper or beer cooler, thinking that if it came down to it, Mister Mancini could hide just about anywhere. Though I thought of him constantly, I grabbed any excuse to avoided my guitar,” CITATION Dav \l 1033 (Sedaris). He tried to learn guitar but soon got bored and irritated and told his father that he will not take any more lessons. His father was disappointed with his decision. On the other hand, Gretchen was given the piano to play. She learned lessons from her father and with so much passion and interest, she’s able to play it melodiously. Father was happy with Gretchen because initially he did not ask her about the choice or whether she wants to play the piano or not. He just assigned her this responsibility which she fulfilled with hard work while Sedaris showed interest in guitar on his own but could not gain hisfather's appreciation. This indicates that both the siblings took lessons related to music field.One played piano and the other, guitar but Gretchen successfully learned piano in her childhood whereas Sedaris had to face so many difficulties. Another skill that both siblings tried to learn was painting and drawing. Both Gretchen and Sedaris spent their time and effort in painting and learning color art. Gretchen had an interest in arts and had a talent of painting and drawing. The family supported her talent and helps her to enhance her abilities by taking a private lesson. Gretchen took classes and improved her painting skills. Her mother defined her skills as an "artistic temperament". Sedaris did not have much interest in painting but he was impressed by her sister. In addition, he saw appreciation of his mother and Gretchen. The main difference between the two was that Gretchen identified her skills and her parents helped her to improve them “When Gretchen’s talent was recognized by teachers, both my parents stepped forward to claim responsibility” CITATION Dav \l 1033 (Sedaris). Whereas, Sedaris instead of making his own choice, followed his sister and people around for inspiration which can be identified with his choice when he decided to learn painting after watching his sister “Away from home and the inevitable comparisons with Gretchen, I enrolled as an art major at a college known mainly for its animalhusbandry program. The night before my first life-drawing class, I lay awake worrying that Imight get physically excited by the nude models,” CITATION Dav \l 1033 (Sedaris).These lines show that he tried to learn things that other people can do and thought that he can also do this instead of seeking what his passion actually was.

Another major difference between the two was a life experience. Gretchen got the support and care of her parents on each step of her life. Her mother helped her in improving her painting skills while her father taught her piano. This is why she has grown up being a confident girl. On the other hand, Sedaris faced difficulty at home as his parents had a different opinion and thought which brought the conflict in his mind. Secondly, he faced the language barrier which results in slower learning process. His language teacher, as well as guitar teacher, were unable to bring his attention and confidence which made him confused in childhood “In imagining myself as modest, mysterious, and fiercely intelligent, I’m forced to realize that, in real life, I have none of these qualities. Nobody dreams of the things he already has” CITATION Dav \l 1033 (Sedaris). The comparison between the two created the actual difficulties, however, later in life, both figure out their responsibilities and passion.

The bottom line is that parents play an important role in child development, both physically and psychologically. Life experiences and teachers also influence child development. Sedaris and Gretchen were siblings that lived in the same environment but due to the different life experiences, their skills, habits, confidence, and behavior were different from each other.

Work Cited

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Sedaris, David. Me Talk Pretty One Day. p. 52.