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The Ethics Of Freedom, Liberty, And Morality.

The Ethics of Freedom, Liberty, and Morality.

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The Ethics of Freedom, Liberty, and Morality.

Freedom, liberty and morality are pinnacle values in societies. According to most sociologists and social thinkers, it is science of ethics that governs societies in an effective way. Nevertheless, film “Enemy of State” explains dilemma of those societies where state itself hampers the social fabric. Here, film projects ill-side of high state security and state intervention in private lives of individuals.In this film, a person who had sensitive information was made to undergo difficult circumstances. His personal life was totally in tatters as he belonged to middle stratum of society. This high-handed approach of NSA and influence of the politician is clearly expressed in this film. Besides, this film is an exact portrayal of the fact that sometimes government – guarantor of liberties- itself become a reason of intervention and surveillance. This film is a manifestation of the fact that individual’s life and liberties are under constant watch, and this corresponds well with the Edward Snowden’s claims that American society is under strong observation. He listed various injustices and abuses by the state in this regard. His claim that NSA is focused on getting sensitive information by any means and from anywhere is justified because states do adopt such insensitive methods in name of national interests. In addition, its outreach has expanded and even domestic spheres are not excluded from it. In this vein, taping of calls andcommunication among people is done frequently. Even people are cognizant of this fact and they have launched protests against this interventionist approach of state. As a matter of fact, this is not a liberal and moral approach of state authorities as it runs counters to preamble of US Constitution and later bill of rights which affirm right of freedom, liberty and pursuit of happiness to all.

Bibliography

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY “A Commentary On The Constitution Of The United States Latest Reprint by Author Bernard Schwartz.” Accessed July 2, 2019. http://classicreadgo.info/a-commentary-on-the-constitution-of-the-united-states-best-prime-reading-bernard-schwartz.pdf.

“Constitutional Opinions: Aspects Of The Bill Of Rights Freely Available Books Leonard Williams Levy.” Accessed July 2, 2019. http://freelicensebooks.info/constitutional-opinions-aspects-of-the-bill-of-rights-free-license-unlimited-leonard-williams-levy.pdf.

Landau, S. “Making Sense from Snowden: What’s Significant in the NSA Surveillance Revelations.” IEEE Security Privacy 11, no. 4 (July 2013): 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1109/MSP.2013.90.

The Future Of HRM

Title page

Future of HRM

Generational diversity is one of the emerging trends of HRM having implications on functions and practices of managers and HR professionals. This require managers to adopt different strategies for managing baby boomers, generation X and generation Y. Managers consider general characteristics of each generation for using them for the best interest of organization. The managers assign challenging roles to the Generation Y because they are open to new environments and are good at multitasking. Baby boomers are hired because they are loyal to the company and remain there for a long period CITATION Jos171 \l 1033 (Millet, 2017).

Generational diversity is a common approach used by modern organizations for talent acquisition. Each generation possess different qualities that can be used for the organizational benefits. Baby boomers are hired because they are hard working and can be retained for a longer duration. Generation X is hired because they are flexible, accept changes, are quick at learning and adaptation. Talent acquisition also contain generation Y because they are innovative, confident and are capable of adjusting to different environments. Workers of this generation are good in receiving messages and understanding information due to their familiarity with technology including e-mail, instant messages and video conference CITATION Jos171 \l 1033 (Millet, 2017). Generation Y is also good at researching that improves company’s capability of conducting market research.

Trainings and development are offered to each generation for maximizing their productivity and enhancing organizational performance. Baby boomers lack knowledge of technology so they need training for using new gadgets and tools. Generation Y need training for managing behaviors in conflicting environment because there are impatient and engage in disputes. Generation X is comfortable with technology by they are impatient that depicts the need for managing behaviors. Training is offered to baby boomers in traditional classroom style. Generation X and Y are more good at e-learning.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY Kicheva, T. (2017). Management of Employees from Different Generations - Challenge for Bulgarian Managers and HR Professionals. Economic Alternatives, 1, 103-121.

Millet, J. (2017). The 2018 Human Resources Trends To Keep On Your Radar. Retrieved 08 02, 2019, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbeshumanresourcescouncil/2017/10/26/the-2018-human-resources-trends-to-keep-on-your-radar/#4f0023ad21b3

The History Of Fingerprints

History of fingerprints

History of fingerprints

DNA technology has revolutionized the field of forensic science. This DNA technology has helped in being more specific about criminals involve in any case. Different to the DNA, the fingerprint technology is still considered the most valid form of identification, widely used in law enforcement. In the Babylon times, fingerprints were used in making ridge patterns for trade-related transactions and in many governmental procedures. It was in the fourteenth century, that people started noticing the fact that no two fingerprints are alike. This helped in expanding the use of forensics in criminal proceedings. This was the exact time; the history of fingerprints began. In the very first phase, the scientists working on criminology started studying the spirals, loops, and ridges on finger patterns. In the year 1686, Marcello Malpighi, a professor of anatomy, started pointing out differences in the finger patterns ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"XQ6CCZ5k","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Pollitt, 2010)","plainCitation":"(Pollitt, 2010)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1473,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/75VAAEC3"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/75VAAEC3"],"itemData":{"id":1473,"type":"paper-conference","title":"A history of digital forensics","container-title":"IFIP International Conference on Digital Forensics","publisher":"Springer","page":"3–15","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Pollitt","given":"Mark"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2010"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Pollitt, 2010). He made no declaration to the value of personal identification.

In the nineteenth century, John Evangelist of the University of Breslau published nine patterns of fingerprints. This research study about fingerprints was published in a thesis form. Although he presented the nine patterns of fingerprints, he refrained from explaining each pattern, identified in his thesis. In 1856, William Hershel, who was the Chief Magistrate used fingerprints for the first time in the native documents. Again, this time, it was a surprising fact that none of the fingerprints had the characteristics similar to others. This fact helped in proving the identification of persons whom he made transactions with. In 1880, a British Surgeon shared some new findings with Charles Darwin. Their findings were related to mainstreaming the use of fingerprints in forensics ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"jaL7B2YX","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Hawthorne, 2017)","plainCitation":"(Hawthorne, 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1470,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/7HK5MCEY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/7HK5MCEY"],"itemData":{"id":1470,"type":"book","title":"Fingerprints: analysis and understanding","publisher":"CRC Press","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"Fingerprints","author":[{"family":"Hawthorne","given":"Mark"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Hawthorne, 2017). Later in the last decade of the nineteenth century, Francis Galton started working on relating fingerprints and genetic history. He also expanded the research on fingerprinting and intelligence, but his studies failed in presenting some new findings. Although he remained to fail in presenting some new findings, he proved through his experiments that fingerprints never change during one's lifetime.

With the start of the twentieth century, the field of forensic experienced new scientific findings related to fingerprints. Paul- Jean Coulier developed a new mechanism for transferring fingerprints from any surface to paper. He developed this method by using iodine fuming. This process brought revolution in forensics. It was for the first time that Scotland Yard started using fingerprints for the identification of criminals. Soon after, the United States' Police department started using the same strategy for fingerprint identification. The first conviction in recorded history was held in Scheffer's case of 1902 ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"y7WMX0AX","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Houck, 2016)","plainCitation":"(Houck, 2016)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1472,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/FBYUJM5G"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/FBYUJM5G"],"itemData":{"id":1472,"type":"book","title":"Forensic Fingerprints","publisher":"Academic Press","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Houck","given":"Max M."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2016"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Houck, 2016). The identifications, arrest, and conviction of the murderer were based on the fingerprint evidence. The fingerprint evidence for the murderer was captured some days before from a fractured glass. After the conviction of a murderer on the basis of fingerprint evidence ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"HHfnS3sR","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Houck, 2016)","plainCitation":"(Houck, 2016)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1472,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/FBYUJM5G"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/FBYUJM5G"],"itemData":{"id":1472,"type":"book","title":"Forensic Fingerprints","publisher":"Academic Press","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Houck","given":"Max M."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2016"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Houck, 2016), the fingerprints were used as the primary source of evidence in criminal cases.

At present, the identification of criminals through fingerprinting is considered essential. It is interesting to note that, fingerprinting has also been valuable in body identification in the aftermath of natural disasters. Since the beginning of the last century, fingerprinting has helped in limiting and specifying the evidence. This has also been valuable in anthropogenic hazards. The largest fingerprint identification system at present is managed by the American Federal Bureau of Investigations ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"6SrkF094","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Houck, 2016)","plainCitation":"(Houck, 2016)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1472,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/FBYUJM5G"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/FBYUJM5G"],"itemData":{"id":1472,"type":"book","title":"Forensic Fingerprints","publisher":"Academic Press","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Houck","given":"Max M."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2016"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Houck, 2016). Before the FBI, the French investigation firms established the mechanism to record fingerprints of the detainees. The first forensic lab for recording the fingerprints was also established by the French. Until now, there has been no mechanism to override the fingerprint evidence. There are cases in which criminal use gloves to hide their identities, but it also leaves some unique prints, which can serve the cause of criminal investigators.

References:

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Hawthorne, M. (2017). Fingerprints: Analysis and understanding. CRC Press.

Houck, M. M. (2016). Forensic Fingerprints. Academic Press.

Pollitt, M. (2010). A history of digital forensics. IFIP International Conference on Digital Forensics, 3–15. Springer.

The Impact Of The Feminist Movement

Impact of Feminist Movements

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[Course Code: Course]

[Instructor]

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Introduction

Social movements are crucial to comprehend and assessing their impact on any society is generally difficult. In societies that had been under the shadows of patriarchy for generations, feminist movements brought about revolutionary changes. The contemporary women's movement in the west has made significant progress in developing feminist theories related to the place of women in society and generating pragmatic studies of the past and present of our societal cultures. But a little is known and about the experiences of women in the non-West and to what degree the feminist notions conform to women's insights and political aspirations. In the United States, in the early 70s, feminist movements became a strong force that started reshaping the role and importance of women with the society and it also reformed the relationships between men and women in a pragmatic way.

Discussion

The three waves of feminist movements shook the western society to its core. It changed the way women were view in the era and even motivated individual units of society to look at women from a very different perspective. For a very long time, women were seen with judgment and bias in society. They oversimplified the issues faced by women, which prompted them to rise in their defense. It all began with the women’s suffrage movement that ultimately resulted in the amendment of the American Constitution and gave women the right to vote, alongside the men in the country. This movement began in the late 19th century and the women were allowed to finally vote in 1920. While this changed and improved things for the better, the women and their fight for the attainment for their rights was far from over .

In the 1960s, for the first-time women campaigned for the liberation movement was initiated. This movement paved for the attainment of their basic rights. After a long and hard struggle, the women were finally able to have the right to their bodily integrity, they had the right to hold public office, to hold a job, along with a semblance of equal pay in the workforce. They were also not only allowed to inherit a property in their name but to own property as well. They could enter into legal rights and even hold marital and prenatal rights.

These rights had a direct impact on the gender roles associated with women. When there were supposed play a nurturing role in the society and look after the young, these women left the confines of their home and seek employment, even if they were married. Earlier, it was impossible for women to be married and yet hold on to a job. Following the waves of feminism, women were not only able to do so, introduce the concept of division of labor within the household. It also removed the stigma associated with bearing a child out of wedlock and make the concept of sexual gratification commonplace in case of both men and women . At the end of it all, women were not only able to enjoy the same rights as men, but also seek employment in the same workplaces, study at the same institutions and even speak their mind without having their intellectual opinions and voices subjugated by society.

Conclusion

Feminist organizations face notable challenges with the agenda of fixing as many problems within a structural gender equality paradigm as possible. Feminism isn't just white or straight or Western. Labeling feminism as Western or non-Western creates ambiguities that whether it refers to a geographical, ideological, political, cultural, historical or racial hegemony? Does it reserve the colonialist divisions among the West and the rest? It was the resistance to the post-Enlightenment individualism led to the creation of the Western feminism that shaped the autonomous and rational beliefs of individuals.

Footnotes

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Changing the World. New York, N.Y.: New York, N.Y. : Films Media Group, 2014.

Outshoorn, Joyce. “Assessing the Impact of Women’s Movements.” Women’s Studies International Forum 35, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 147–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2012.03.013.

The Speaker Of The House Has Considerable Discretion Over The Flow Of Legislation In The Texas House, While The Lieutenant Governor Wields Even Greater Power In The Texas Senate Due To The Chamber’s Organization..”

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“The Speaker of the House has Considerable Discretion over the flow of Legislation in the Texas House, while the Lieutenant Governor Wields even Greater Power in the Texas Senate due to the Chamber’s Organization”.

This paper will investigate whether there is a considerable discretion of the Speaker of House over the flow of legislation in the Texas House, over the Lieutenant Governor has greater power in the Texas Senate due to the Chamber’s Organization.

Introduction

The limited embrace of the Texas government can be observed with the three branches, which has a higher representation of white male business owners as well as lawyers. The main responsibility of the government is to pass legislation, resolutions, and handling administrative services ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"PJMooElV","properties":{"formattedCitation":"({\\i{}Political Culture} 1.1)","plainCitation":"(Political Culture 1.1)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1847,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/CVDTASQ5"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/CVDTASQ5"],"itemData":{"id":1847,"type":"webpage","title":"Political Culture","URL":"https://www.webtexts.com/courses/34318-alsaeed/traditional_book/chapters/3605730-political-culture/pages/2920325-introduction","shortTitle":"Political Culture","issued":{"date-parts":[["2020"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2020",1,29]]}},"locator":"1.1"}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Political Culture 1.1). Texas has a bicameral system like other states when it comes to the government’s legislation

President of the Senate: the Lieutenant Governor

When it comes to power, the Lieutenant governor has more powers in comparison with the speaker of the house. The Lieutenant governor in Texas is supposed to act as the president for the senate and Lieutenant is elected as the Constitutional president by the voters and representatives from the executive body. In the absence of the governor, the Lieutenant governor makes state decisions and can narrate rules ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"h23x06pT","properties":{"formattedCitation":"({\\i{}Political Culture} 3.12)","plainCitation":"(Political Culture 3.12)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1847,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/CVDTASQ5"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/CVDTASQ5"],"itemData":{"id":1847,"type":"webpage","title":"Political Culture","URL":"https://www.webtexts.com/courses/34318-alsaeed/traditional_book/chapters/3605730-political-culture/pages/2920325-introduction","shortTitle":"Political Culture","issued":{"date-parts":[["2020"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2020",1,29]]}},"locator":"3.12"}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Political Culture 3.12). Moreover, the Lieutenant has the authority to make decisions regarding the questions raised from the parliament. Lieutenant has also authority to sign bills and lead the Senate.

Speaker of the House-Selection

In the House of Representatives, a presiding officer is considered as the Speaker. Speaker has the duty of maintaining orders while floor debating sessions and can identify the speakers and rules concerning the procedural matters ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"gK1Xc8kK","properties":{"formattedCitation":"({\\i{}Political Culture} 3.11)","plainCitation":"(Political Culture 3.11)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1847,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/CVDTASQ5"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/CVDTASQ5"],"itemData":{"id":1847,"type":"webpage","title":"Political Culture","URL":"https://www.webtexts.com/courses/34318-alsaeed/traditional_book/chapters/3605730-political-culture/pages/2920325-introduction","shortTitle":"Political Culture","issued":{"date-parts":[["2020"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2020",1,29]]}},"locator":"3.11"}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Political Culture 3.11). However, the duties of the Speaker are identified and decided by the House Rules of Procedures’ members. Speakers can also sign bills but the Chamber has to review them and it is the bodies of the government, which defines the roles of each committee and representative ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"hGHWuEwc","properties":{"formattedCitation":"({\\i{}Political Culture} 3.15)","plainCitation":"(Political Culture 3.15)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1847,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/CVDTASQ5"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/CVDTASQ5"],"itemData":{"id":1847,"type":"webpage","title":"Political Culture","URL":"https://www.webtexts.com/courses/34318-alsaeed/traditional_book/chapters/3605730-political-culture/pages/2920325-introduction","shortTitle":"Political Culture","issued":{"date-parts":[["2020"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2020",1,29]]}},"locator":"3.15"}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Political Culture 3.15). There are certain limitations including the review of the bills by the committees, whereas the charges of the committee are limited.

Conclusion

Based on the studies I analyzed that, the speaker has some of the significant discretions that includes order maintenance when it comes to the flow of the legislation in the Texas House. While Lieutenant general has more power in the Senate of Texas because of the organization of the Chamber.

Works Cited:

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Political Culture. 2020, https://www.webtexts.com/courses/34318-alsaeed/traditional_book/chapters/3605730-political-culture/pages/2920325-introduction.

The Things They Carried

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Day Month Year

The Things They Carried

Many Americans nurture the belief to defy the Vietnam War. They believe it to be unnecessary and unfair. However, it has remained a contentious matter as per the theorists and the experts of international political affairs. Tim O’Brien, who was a part of the Vietnam War, reflects critical insights on the tragedies and adverse implications of the Vietnam War in The Things They Carried. The context deliberated in the book is bold which is often censored by the mass media. The author harnesses the emotional tone to convey the message to the Americans. Irrefutably, the story establishes and strengthens empathy for the Vietnamese side of the argument. A wide range of the men and soldiers who fought in Vietnam were either teenagers or in the twenties. Throughout the story, the theme of guilt and cowardice prevails. The soldiers were unaware of the manifestations that caused them to engage in a battle in the Vietnamese soil.

To begin, the soldiers and the American citizens are portrayed as stressed under the burden of guilt and remorse after the Vietnam War. The book presents an explicit account of the confrontation between war and love. After brutally killing the enemies, the soldiers indulged in the memories of the loved ones to eliminate the guilt and horrible emotions propagated by the war. One of the most intricate moral of the story is the significance of being loved. The following quote from the book highlights the discussed subject:

“I learned that words make a difference. It’s easier to deal with a kicked bucket than a corpse; if it isn’t human, it doesn’t matter much if it’s dead. And so a VC nurse, fried by napalm, was a crispy critter.”

A scintillating message is stipulated by the author: being loved is far better than to lead. After critically analyzing the theme of the story, the American side of the story receives abashment. The vigorous, angry and innocent emotions are the root cause upon which the American side of the story is built and is thus against the Americans.

In addition, the very nature of engaging in war is detrimental and inhumane. May it be the Vietnam War or any other, war can never be justified. It is the essential; message delivered by the author in an artistic and strikingly emotional manner. The sentiments of the American soldiers are left unaddressed under such severe circumstances. For instance, the soldiers in the Vietnam War suffered depression and severe mental disorders because of engaging themselves in the war without even contemplating the manifestations and the consequences. Thus, the sentimental emotions began to take a toll on them. Moreover, the Vietnamese side of the story is not prominently highlighted by the author. The explicit account of the guilt, burden silence and confusion suffered by the Americans side in the story thoroughly glorifies the Vietnamese side of the story. Essentially, the author refrains from highlighting the rationale implications of war.

“In war you lose your sense of the definite, hence your sense of truth itself, and therefore it’s safe to say that in a true war story nothing is ever absolutely true.”

Besides, the right to protest is the most passionate and glorious mode of recording defiance against a specific matter. The cynics who are against the draft card culture ought not to be followed. On top of that, students must never be encouraged to partake in fights instead of peaceful and democratic protests. To analyze these circumstances in the contemporary age, American society suffers from a wide range of domestic issues. For instance, the citizens can never be prevented to raise their voice in favor or against the healthcare policies. Peaceful protest is their fundamental right. If they resort to violence as a fight and vandalizing the state’s machinery, detrimental outcomes will be the fate of each member of the society and the government. The prevalence of a democratic culture in the United States of America (USA) is the need of the hour. The engagement in violence has never resulted in a productive outcome. The Vietnam War, in the specific context, is an explicit illustration of the adverse consequences of the engagement in war and violence.

To discuss the personal opinion, I shall have never burnt the draft card. It is certainly a contentious matter. Several researchers and experts of social sciences express contrasting opinions. Instead of analyzing the manifestations of American intervention, it is a dire need to learn from the mistakes. The domestic issues of American citizens are grave. The policymakers ought to pay critical attention to these issues rather than contemplating foreign interventions. The bottom line is that America still feels the guilt and silence perpetuating from the Vietnam War. To conclude, The Things They Carried skillfully analyzes the implications of the Vietnam War from an emotional perspective. The following quote sums up the story of the American soldiers:

“You admire the fluid symmetries of troops on the move, the harmonies of sound and shape and proportion, the great sheets of metal-fire streaming down from a gunship, the illumination rounds, the white phosphorous, the purply orange glow of napalm, the rocket’s red glare. It’s not pretty, exactly. It’s astonishing. It fills the eye. It commands you. You hate it, yes, but your eyes do not.”

The United States, PRC, And Taiwan

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Date

The United States, PRC, and Taiwan

Introduction

The phenomenon of cross-strait relations immensely influence the associations of the United States of America, China, and Taiwan. Different forms of considerations linked with the entire perspective of cross-strait relations. It is worthy to indicate that different strategic, political, and economic factors are closely involved in the entire scenario of cross-strait relations. Dramatic changes in the form of different events eventually make it difficult to achieve the objective of peace for all the shareholders. The perspective of cross-strait relations going through with different forms of transitions that ultimately leads to the new forms of development of the entire prospect. The approach of cross-strait relations considered as the prevailing connection between the geographical areas of China and Taiwan. This sort of relationship between these two countries is immensely complex because it indicates about the controversial and politically unstable relationship between Taiwan and China ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"ZaZabHpq","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Clark)","plainCitation":"(Clark)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1997,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/lMSdZ3dY/items/ET5Z2DLR"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/lMSdZ3dY/items/ET5Z2DLR"],"itemData":{"id":1997,"type":"article-journal","title":"The Taiwan Relations Act and the US Balancing Role in Cross-Strait Relations","container-title":"American Journal of Chinese Studies","page":"3-18","author":[{"family":"Clark","given":"Cal"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2010"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Clark). This particular controversial association exist between these two countries from the time period when the national management of Taiwan was transferred from the country of Japan after World War II. The growing intervention of the US in the entire scenario of cross-strait relations changed the perspective of diplomatic association between the related countries. Here the particular focus is to critically investigate the existing evidence to examine how greatly dynamics of relations between the US, China, and Taiwan changes after the growing role of the United States of America.

Discussion

When it comes to the increasing role of the US in the case of cross-strait relations then this particular intervention can observe in many different forms. The US factor can never ignore when it comes to the development of the relationship between the two main stakeholders of China and Taiwan. This certain aspect eventually changes the existing relationship between the two strong countries of China and the United States of America. The sovereignty dispute between China and Taiwan ultimately turns as the major political concern at the global level. The government of the US used the element of the global issue to intervene in the entire domain of cross-strait relations between China and Taiwan. The super-power of the United States of America plays a central role in the entire rivalry approach exist between the countries of China and Taiwan. The foreign policy of America is established as the mandatory indicator to understand the different dimensions of the prospect of cross-strait relations. On the other hand, the triangular association between Beijing, Taipei, and Washington have enormously change the entire concern of sovereignty between China and Taiwan.

Detailed consideration of the history indicates that the countries of the US and China witnessed immensely cold relationships that ultimately appears in case of growing conflict between China and Taiwan. It is observed that after the era of war, America play its active role as the main support and security protector of Taiwan when it comes to the entire phenomenon of prevailing tension between the countries of China and Taiwan. Consideration of the role of the United States of America is important because it is characterised as an important indicator in the evolving form of cross-strait relations. Different time periods witnessed different forms of associations between the countries of China and Taiwan. This form of consideration greatly impacted by the increasing role of the US in the entire domain of consideration. The emerging form of 2008 is one considerable example when the government of the US strongly showed its presence in the entire scenario of the cross-strait relationships between the main shareholders of China and Taiwan. A comprehensive exploration of the historical eras between China, US, and Taiwan helps to determine about the growing role of the US considering the issue of authority between the regions of China and Taiwan.

Critical evaluation of the historical events of the last two decades clearly reveals that relations between these three countries became less stable with the passage of time. This form of consideration raises the concern that what are the major causes that lead to this particular situation. The increasing role of US is one factor linked with the overall development of the cross-strait relation. The aspects of change ultimately reveal in the form of dramatic change in foreign policies of these countries. Researchers established this fact that Washington plays its active role when it comes to forming and determine the relationship between the cities of Beijing and Taipei. It is established that the strategic perspective of cross-strait relations can never be considered complete without considering the triangular prospects of the US, China, and Taiwan. The active role of the US influenced by two major aspects of consideration ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"40SmgOMQ","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Clark and Clark)","plainCitation":"(Clark and Clark)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1996,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/lMSdZ3dY/items/P3TMRIR2"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/lMSdZ3dY/items/P3TMRIR2"],"itemData":{"id":1996,"type":"book","title":"The Changing Dynamics of the Relations among China, Taiwan, and the United States","publisher":"Cambridge Scholars Pub.","URL":"https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=16InBwAAQBAJ","ISBN":"978-1-4438-2783-6","author":[{"family":"Clark","given":"C."},{"family":"Clark","given":"J."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2011"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Clark and Clark). These specific factors recognised as the strategic and economic interests of the United States of America in the entire case of cross-strait relation and existing tension between China and Taiwan. It is crucial to establish what are the main shares and benefits for America in the entire situation. This form of exploration further assists to figure out what is the actual role of the power of America in case of cross-strait relations. The features of anti-communism, human rights, development of the democracy, and the great form of economics are the other major factors that closely influence the increasing role of the United States of America in this region. The government of America determine to establish its foreign policy on these particular values. This form of consideration also appeared in case of growing tension between the governments of China and Taiwan and how US play its active role in this perspective.

Power transition during 2008 in Taiwan enormously changed the role of the United States of America in case of cross-strait association. Detailed understanding of the transition phase in Taiwan is essential to figure out the role of America before and after this form of development. Understanding of the historical background of the power conflict between China and Taiwan is critical to make better inferences about the increasing role of US in the form of a factor of change. It is claimed by the authorities of China that tension of authority between China and Taiwan is its internal issue and there is no need for external involvement. The growing prospect of triangular association in the form of roles of the US, China, and Taiwan reveals that the option of internal intervention can never fully ignore when it comes to the deep understanding of cross-strait association. The role of the US is established as the main contributor to the overall creation and maintenance of the issue of authority conflict between China and Taiwan also appeared in the form of cross-strait association. It is important to consider the active role of the United States of America in case of the existing conflict in China and Taiwan ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"9VJqapl5","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Roy)","plainCitation":"(Roy)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1998,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/lMSdZ3dY/items/88GNDRQ6"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/lMSdZ3dY/items/88GNDRQ6"],"itemData":{"id":1998,"type":"chapter","title":"The US-China-Taiwan Relationship: New Circumstances, Persistent Challenges","container-title":"The Future of United States, China, and Taiwan Relations","publisher":"Springer","page":"149-165","author":[{"family":"Roy","given":"Denny"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2011"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Roy). This form of consideration can eventually help to involve the approach of the US to propose better solutions to this growing issue. The dramatic transition of 2008 reveals that the policy of the US plays a vital role to reshape the prospect of a cross-strait relationship between the triangular domain of China, the United States of America, and Taiwan. The new reality of the cross-strait relations can never imagine without the increasing intervention of the US in the entire domain of consideration.

Adoption of the proactive policy by the government of the United States of America in 2008 is one major role that completely changes the political scene in Taiwan. This form of political development eventually makes the position strong for Taiwan in case of cross-strait relations. The authorities of the US play their role as the clear opposition when it comes to Chen Shui-bian’s program of UN referendum considering future complications. The officials of the US clearly indicate their point of view and strongly present their voice at the international level. The specific strategy with the name of “making a case to the Taiwanese people” was introduced by the government of the United States of America to show its strong appearance during the entire growing conflict. The aim of this form of an attempt at international level was to deliver clear support for the Taiwanese voters in case of UN referendum. The government of the US played its active and influential role to ensure the smooth transfer of political power in the country of Taiwan. This particular attempt by the country of the US is one major development that ultimately expands the active involvement of Washington in the form of cross-strait relations. Undoubtedly, the growing coordination of American authorities with the government of China makes it possible to attain the better form of outcomes in Taiwan in the form of the presidential election. Elimination of the role of the DPP government in Taiwan ultimately reduces the probability of the military showdown in the region. This approach is one major objective of America in the region that is achieved in the form of no war. The outcomes of the presidential election in Taiwan also explicitly indicate about the active intervention of the United States of America in the form of political dominance.

On the other hand, it is also critical to mention that the new developments in Taiwan in the form of presidential election cause a new form of challenges for the government of the US. This particular time period was a major domain that enhances the role of the US in this region. The officials of the country of the United States of America play their role to determine the factor of status-quo in the country of Taiwan. Prior to the political change in Taiwan, the authority of the US come up with the consideration that the element of status-quo in Taiwan needs to be defined by the US to ensure its active involvement in the entire paradigm of the cross-strait association. The active role of the US appeared in the form of playing its role as the mediator when there was no direct connection between Beijing and Taipei. That was the particular time when the government of the US play its role to define the prospect of status quo in case of cross-strait relations. The growing role of the US was greatly acknowledged by the new administration of Ma Ying-jeou in Taiwan. It was assured by the new government of Taiwan that the prospect of negotiation with China in the form of unification is not possible in the form of Taiwan Straits. This form of reassurance from the administration of Taiwan considered the existing political form in the country in the form of cross-strait relations. It is critical to indicate that the government of the US played its active role after the presidential election of 2008 in Taiwan. The authorities of Washington invites both the stakeholders of Beijing and Taipei to reopen the significant option of dialogue. The main objective of this form of the proposal was to ensure the improved form of cross-strait relations by successfully adopting different available options. The government of the US claimed this phenomenon as the major opportunity for the authorities of China and Taiwan to find better consensus about the growing tension of authority ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"HwqErMvb","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Wang)","plainCitation":"(Wang)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1995,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/lMSdZ3dY/items/9PKUFLWW"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/lMSdZ3dY/items/9PKUFLWW"],"itemData":{"id":1995,"type":"article-journal","title":"United States and Evolving Cross-Strait Relations","container-title":"Journal of Chinese Political Science","page":"351-369","volume":"15","issue":"4","author":[{"family":"Wang","given":"Jianwei"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2010"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Wang). The involvement of the US in the entire scenario of cross-strait relations is immense as it is identified that President Bush personally called the officials of Taiwan and China to grab this major opportunity to build strong relations for future.

The main objective of the growing role of the US is to ensure the better forms of negotiations between the authorities of Beijing and Taipei. Arrangement of different forms of dialogues are the clear and positive examples of the active role of the US to build effective forms of cross-strait relations. The particular aim was continuously endorsed by the officials of America at different forums. The initiative of ECFA is one significant example to indicate the active involvement of the United States of America in the entire domain of negotiation between the regions of China and Taiwan. It was clearly indicated by the authorities of the country of the US that Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) is the great attempt to achieve the better forms of relations across the two countries in the form of a new phase of negotiation. Proper maintenance of the status quo in the region of Taiwan is another objective of the US that ensures its active involvement in the broader perspective of cross-strait relations. The authorities of the US actively show their concern in case of maintenance of the status quo for the region of Taiwan. The main focus of this particular concern is to assure the proper avoidance of the issue of disruption of dialogue between the concerned authorities.

Development of better political interaction with the government of Taiwan is one major concern of the US that appeared after the presidential election of 2008 in Taiwan. The government of the US attempt particular practical measures to minimise the restriction in the form of developing active communication between the officials of both countries. The authorities of the US seriously focused the prospect to formulate proper policy to propose better forms of political association between the US and Taiwan. It is important to indicate that this form of development of political relation between the US and Taiwan ultimately cause some form of anxiety for the government of China. This sort of concern was positively and sensibly catered by the authorities of the US to build a stable association with the government of China in the form of active dialogues. Military relations between the US and Taiwan is another major perspective that indicates the growing role of the United States of America in the scenario of cross-strait relation. Military development is one major concern for the government of China as it was perceived as the threat to their claim of power in the region of Taiwan.

Conclusion

To conclude the discussion about the active role of the United States of America in cross-strait relation, it is important to indicate that the increasing involvement of the US changes different dimensions in case of existing association between the shareholders. The country of the US established as the major shareholder when it comes to the consideration of the issue of power conflict between China and Taiwan at the international level. The perspective of the status quo in Taiwan is one major aspect of concern for the authorities of the United States of America to achieve the objective of equality of power. Dealing with the new political developments in the form of cross-strait relations between these countries cause different forms of challenges for the country of the US. The major achievement for the US from the entire new development of cross-strait relations is the exclusion of the concern of military tension.

Work Cited

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Clark, C., and J. Clark. The Changing Dynamics of the Relations among China, Taiwan, and the United States. Cambridge Scholars Pub., 2011, https://books.google.com/books?id=16InBwAAQBAJ.

Clark, Cal. “The Taiwan Relations Act and the US Balancing Role in Cross-Strait Relations.” American Journal of Chinese Studies, 2010, pp. 3–18.

Roy, Denny. “The US-China-Taiwan Relationship: New Circumstances, Persistent Challenges.” The Future of United States, China, and Taiwan Relations, Springer, 2011, pp. 149–65.

Wang, Jianwei. “United States and Evolving Cross-Strait Relations.” Journal of Chinese Political Science, vol. 15, no. 4, 2010, pp. 351–69.

Three Major Sociological Theories

The Sociological Theories

[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees]

[Institutional Affiliation(s)]

Author Note

[Include any grant/funding information and a complete correspondence address.]

The Sociological Theories

Response one

Functionalist theory suggests that the social world is organized in frameworks, and these frameworks are inter-related to each other, while these are named as the institutions. Society is shaped in the structural frameworks, which are complex, and people interact with each other to create relationships by using the social institutions, which forms a complete society ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"4rJFiT4c","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Wallace, 2017)","plainCitation":"(Wallace, 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":590,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/TVCX8YID"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/TVCX8YID"],"itemData":{"id":590,"type":"book","title":"Sociological theory","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-12996-5","author":[{"family":"Wallace","given":"Walter"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Wallace, 2017).

Conflict theory suggests that people compete to get the limited resources available, and this is a macro-level perspective ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"xREXoNkq","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Parsons, 2017)","plainCitation":"(Parsons, 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":587,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/98GNP6TG"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/98GNP6TG"],"itemData":{"id":587,"type":"webpage","title":"The Present Status of “Structural-Functional” Theory in Sociology","container-title":"The Idea of Social Structure","abstract":"The author well remember at a meeting of the International Sociological Association, held in Washington, D.C., in 1961, Robert K. Merton very cogently made the","URL":"https://www.taylorfrancis.com/","note":"DOI: 10.4324/9781315132563-5","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Parsons","given":"Talcott"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017",7,12]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",11,13]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Parsons, 2017). The social world has limited resources for which people compete and struggle to get them to fulfill their needs. There is a social class system in society, which is formed by the individuals, and these individuals have to compete to fulfill their needs. People who possess more power will acquire more resources, and the lower classes will be left behind. This will create a gap and disturb the social interactions of individuals with their societies.

The interactionism perspective states that people in social world communicate with each other, and with their society, and this interaction is carried with the help of symbols. The social interaction, according to interactionism, is that humans respond to other individuals, and with the environments. The interactions of individuals, and environmental patterns can be understood with the help of communication tools, and symbols ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"jjgVi2xf","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Strauss & Maines, 2017)","plainCitation":"(Strauss & Maines, 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":591,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/VNCDQLHG"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/F0XOCTdk/items/VNCDQLHG"],"itemData":{"id":591,"type":"chapter","title":"An interactionist theory of action","container-title":"Continual Permutations of Action","publisher":"Routledge","page":"47-72","author":[{"family":"Strauss","given":"Anselm L."},{"family":"Maines","given":"David R."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Strauss & Maines, 2017).

The conflict theory is identified as a suitable theory; however, this theory suggests that the society is divided into different classes, in which people compete to grab the limited resources. Societies are indeed divided into the social structures and class system, where the powerful, authoritative individuals and the groups grab the resources which creates injustices in the societies. People do compete and they must compete, but the government and the institutions which exist in the societies should be a medium to provide justice to people rather than encouraging the individuals to misuse their power and authority. The injustices and the class systems create a communication gap and hinder the social interactions among people and their societies.

References

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Parsons, T. (2017, July 12). The Present Status of “Structural-Functional” Theory in Sociology. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315132563-5

Strauss, A. L., & Maines, D. R. (2017). An interactionist theory of action. In Continual Permutations of Action (pp. 47–72). Routledge.

Wallace, W. (2017). Sociological theory. Routledge.

Townsend Chapter 2: Native People And European New Comers Shoemaker Chapter 2: First Encounters

Mayra Spinello

Enter the name of Instructor

History and Anthropology

September 18, 2019.

Townsend Chapter 2: Native People and European New Comers Shoemaker Chapter 2: First Encounters

The Eastern Woodland culture was comprised of the Indian tribes living throughout the length and breadth of Eastern America and Canada. The gender roles among the Native Americans were accustomed according to the region and community they were the parts of. Compared to them the Indian tribes of the Eastern Woodlands also shared similar cultural traits. The Indian’s societies were divided into classes, which included a tribal chief and some commoners. The English views of gender influence the viewpoint of Eastern Woodland Native Americans, more in the form gender roles. Although divided into classes, the gender roles among Indians were based on the division of labor. Normally, the Indian females will tend to work in the fields of maize with digging sticks and hoes. The English considered that Algonquian- English gender roles have been influenced by the gender perception of Indians in the manner that English people often questioned about the agricultural role of women among the Indian tribes and about their other social roles ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"tnDxYObB","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Brown)","plainCitation":"(Brown)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":217,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/AHSRFRBE"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/AHSRFRBE"],"itemData":{"id":217,"type":"article-journal","title":"The Anglo-Algonquian Gender Frontier","container-title":"Negotiators of Change: Historical Perspectives on Native American Women","volume":"30","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Brown","given":"Kathleen M."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1995"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Brown).

The Native American culture was influenced by the European New Comers in many ways. Other than the roles in labor and gender classification, the gender classification in the Southern part of America is the proof of this fact. The early American culture provided a great autonomy to women, however, the eastern Woodland Culture was different ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"YEZFdQ5K","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(GUERRERO)","plainCitation":"(GUERRERO)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":220,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/SX4Y6TK3"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/SX4Y6TK3"],"itemData":{"id":220,"type":"article-journal","title":"“Patriarchal colonialism” and indigenism: Implications for Native Feminist spirituality and Native womanism","container-title":"Hypatia","page":"58–69","volume":"18","issue":"2","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"“Patriarchal colonialism” and indigenism","author":[{"family":"GUERRERO","given":"MA JAIMES*"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2003"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (GUERRERO). It opened the ways for gender inequality and oppressions and this was how things started influencing the American culture. Other than labor distribution patterns and about the role of women, the Woodland culture remained insignificant for altering the societal pattern of the American society. Many historians believe that such distance remained for the fact that Early Americans were so possessive about their gender roles and cultural patterns ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"5yDC3kCH","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Restoule)","plainCitation":"(Restoule)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":218,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/A3NPLMAL"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/A3NPLMAL"],"itemData":{"id":218,"type":"article-journal","title":"Aboriginal identity: The need for historical and contextual perspectives","container-title":"Canadian Journal of Native Education","page":"102–112","volume":"24","issue":"2","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"Aboriginal identity","author":[{"family":"Restoule","given":"Jean-Paul"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2000"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Restoule). They believe that any other social pattern or way of life might affect their pattern of living tremendously.

Works Cited:

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Brown, Kathleen M. “The Anglo-Algonquian Gender Frontier.” Negotiators of Change: Historical Perspectives on Native American Women, vol. 30, 1995.

GUERRERO, MA JAIMES*. “‘Patriarchal Colonialism’ and Indigenism: Implications for Native Feminist Spirituality and Native Womanism.” Hypatia, vol. 18, no. 2, 2003, pp. 58–69.

Restoule, Jean-Paul. “Aboriginal Identity: The Need for Historical and Contextual Perspectives.” Canadian Journal of Native Education, vol. 24, no. 2, 2000, pp. 102–112.

Two Responsive Posts

Part 1)

  At first, I felt like Reformation did not affect women's lives.  However, throughout the reading you can see how some of them really had to change their lives around.  "They did not vote or serve on city councils, and even abbesses were under the direct control of a male church official" (Wiesner 295).  According to the reading, women were unable to vote and were not able to attend Universities. This made it difficult for them to know what's going on with religious changes that were happening. For women, their status was important in order to impact any part of the reformation (Wiesner 296). They only learned about the changed through the men and had to take their word for it. "Former priests and monks could become pastors in the new Protestant churches, but former nuns had no place in the new church structure" (Wiesner 297). The reformation affected those who did not agree with the new way of life that they were made to follow. It was definitely a bad change for them. It made them weaker. For nuns, they were forced to quit what they were doing and get married. Others chose to live together or move back with their families (Wiesner 297). "She had no voice in guild decision making and took no part in guild festivals, though she may have baked more than her husband" (Wiesner 306). Women couldn't choose a path for themselves, everything was based on their husbands now. To summarize, I feel like women were not part of the reformation, but were quite affected by it.

Response:

I agree with the similar prospect that the protestant Reformation turned the entire life pattern of women and confined them to a limited territory of the household. As a matter of fact, in every epoch, women populace surpasses the number of men; therefore, any substantial alteration, modification, or eradication in the theoretical framework of political and societal perspective affect women to an exacerbated extent (Stetina, 2017). The underlying implications of Reformation made life most onerous for females. While reading the history of that time, it seems that I am reading “The Handmaid’s Tale,” in which women were compelled to be used only for reproduction purposes and enforced to live a life designed by higher authorities. In such scenarios, men get unfair privileges that consequently gulp down the career or any other social and economic opportunities for female faction; the same phenomenon can be observed through exploring the haphazard of Reformation.

Reference

Stetina, Kenin. "What The Reformation Did And Didn't Do For Women." The Good Book Blog - Biola University Blogs. N.p., 2017. Web. 18 Nov. 2019.

Part 2)

The Protestant Reformation has substantially affected women’s lives, and it began with the nuns and lay sisters. They were encouraged to “leave their houses and marry” and those who accepted the Protestant message gave up their lands and went out to marry, the ones who couldn’t find a husband ether were able to fend themselves and those who were not able to marry or support themselves had to fall back on their family (Wiesner 297). However, other nuns who didn’t accept the Protestant message still realized “the realities of political power” and gave up their holds; yet, these women would continue living together after the Prostatane reformation, “trying to to remain as a religious community”, although they heavily relied on their families for support: Some nuns received pensions, but we aren’t sure what happens to most women because there weren’t any record to what to them (Wiesner 297). Furthermore, wealthy women were heavily against the protestant reformation, and example is St. Clara convent in Nuremberg, “whose nuns were all wealthy Nuremberg families and whose reputation for learning had spread throughout Germany”, and the only two women convents in Nuremberg would not submit to the Protestant message, while four out of six male houses closed down immediately (Wiesner 297). Also, the female house was harassed and intimidated so they would close down, and two daughters were physically pulled out of the convent by force; yet, the convent didn't submit and lasted until the last member died(Wisener 297). I believe that the Prostane Reformation has some good things come out of it, mostly "champion a women's role as wife and mother" (Wisener 297). However, I think it was a bad thing because, after the Protestant Reformation, there has been continued belittlement of women and limiting women in roles in society. Which, in my opinion, hasn't been fixed fully to this day.

Response:

“The continued belittlement of women,” that is the most viable point and the darkest side of Protestant Reformation and other similar catastrophes. The Reformation regulations turned women’s life upside down, and such impacts were devastated on the faction of nuns. Nuns opted for a convent lifestyle and in due course, shunned the notion of the regular and routine life of mothers and wives, and they were comfortable with their surroundings. However, the Reformation devised rules and restrictions that coerced nuns to say adieu to their pieties and sacred life and forced them to get married and managing households. In due course, many nuns bowed their wills; meanwhile, some stood against the unfair implications of such regime; Caritas Pirckheimer was the most eminent nun who found it irrational to pursue such absurdity (Karabacak, 2018). Like men, women are human too, and such chronologies have tarnished the authentic visage of humanity and equality altogether.

Reference

Karabacak, Emre. (2018). The Protestant Reformation and Women.

Typical Or Atypical Development

Typical or atypical development

The disparities can be checked by the development checklist provided by the ECE. The motor, cognitive, language and social factors are considered for evaluating the development of the child. The assessment of the motor responses depends on examining the body movement and involvement of the child in different activities such as pushing his legs and rolling from stomach to the back. The responses of child to voice and things are assessed for examining his cognitive development. The language is assessed by examining how the child makes use of sounds, voices and noise. The social development is assessed by making observations of eye-contact, emotions like crying, smiling and anger CITATION CDC171 \l 1033 (CDC, 2017). By examining these aspects the possible outcomes and development aspects of the child are recorded. Development is assessed according to the age and months of the child.

Alex Smith is selected for the case study having the age of 3 months. The assessment of his motor performance depicts that his development is normal because he is capable of moving his body parts appropriately. He pushes is legs, roll down the stomach and bring hands back and forth. His cognitive development is also normal because follows objects responds to voice, recognize objects and use eyes and hands in coordination. His language development is also normal because he makes sounds, responds to them and smiles on sounds. His social development is also normal because he makes use of eye contact, develops a smile and enjoys playing. The overall assessment of Alex indicates that he didn't exhibit delayed development. No areas are revealed that are more concerning. The child is professing in all milestones. This indicates that the development is normal and the child does not need any improvement in any of the aspects CITATION Sab18 \l 1033 (Rebis, 2018).

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY CDC. (2017). CDC's Developmental Milestones. Retrieved 05 01, 2019, from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/milestones/index.html

Rebis, S. A. (2018). Understanding Developmental Delays. Retrieved 05 02, 2019, from https://www.parents.com/baby/development/problems/understanding-developmental-delays/

Understanding Inequality In Race, Class And Gender.

Understanding Inequality in Race, Class and Gender

Shermaine Nash

Understanding Inequality in Race, Class and Gender

Inequality has been a massive concern for people and the government of all ages around the world. Inequality is a complex phenomenon to define and measure because it exists at multiple levels in various forms. In a broad spectrum, inequality can be described as a state of being unequal or lack of equality ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"ZD7C52U4","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Reinert, 2017)","plainCitation":"(Reinert, 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":70,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/RDNUWMEA"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/RDNUWMEA"],"itemData":{"id":70,"type":"book","title":"Handbook of Globalisation and Development","publisher":"Edward Elgar Publishing","number-of-pages":"584","source":"Google Books","abstract":"Characterised by conceptual diversity, the Handbook of Globalisation and Development presents contributions from prominent international researchers on all aspects of globalisation and carefully considers their role across a whole host of development processes.The Handbook is structured around seven key areas: international trade, international production, international finance, migration, foreign aid, a broader view, and challenges. Adopting a multi-disciplinary approach, the section on ‘a broader view’ delves into dimensions of globalisation and development that go beyond the mere economic, such as: culture, technology, health, and poverty. Carefully crafted, the chapters herein offer a rigorous and comprehensive assessment of the available research to date and provide an assessment of policy options across all areas considered.","ISBN":"978-1-78347-865-1","note":"Google-Books-ID: P3hHDgAAQBAJ","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Reinert","given":"Kenneth A."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017",3,31]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Reinert, 2017). In other words, the uneven distribution of resources, opportunities, and rights is categorized as Inequality. It is observed in numerous forms in a society like wealth inequality, unequal income despite the same position, discriminatory treatment by government or judicial system, limited opportunities of growth or limited access of educational and health resources for a specific group of people, based on race, gender, geography or class. In the last century and today, social inequality is a significant theme for judiciary matters, political debates, legislation, social movements and protest ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"IxC3T80F","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Prudence L. Carter & Sean F. Reardon, 2014)","plainCitation":"(Prudence L. Carter & Sean F. Reardon, 2014)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":64,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/ASITG43D"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/ASITG43D"],"itemData":{"id":64,"type":"webpage","title":"inequalitymatters.pdf","URL":"https://ed.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/inequalitymatters.pdf","author":[{"literal":"Prudence L. Carter"},{"literal":"Sean F. Reardon"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2014",9]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",11,7]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Prudence L. Carter & Sean F. Reardon, 2014).

Gender inequality is one of the aspects of social inequality which influences different people in unique ways. It takes numerous forms according to the social and economic organization of a region. Mostly, women are influenced by gender inequality. They are given lesser opportunities to grow and offered lesser pay than men for the same set of responsibilities and work. If this situation is closely analyzed, women are held responsible for household and childcare as well. Despite that, at work, they put the same effort as men but the outcome and facilities for them are lesser. It is assumed generally that men are more capable and deserving of promotions and leadership roles. It is concluded that women doing comparably more effort like teaching and nursing are paid less than men working in mines and construction. Other than economic differences, females are deprived of opportunities of getting quality education and adopting male dominating careers ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"15y7x2Zn","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Judith Lorber, 2010)","plainCitation":"(Judith Lorber, 2010)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":74,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/NFDW9ZPI"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/NFDW9ZPI"],"itemData":{"id":74,"type":"book","title":"Gender Inequality: Feminist Theories and Politics","publisher":"Oxford Univresity Press","edition":"Fourth","URL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/25340325/lorber_feminisms_2010.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DGender_inequality.pdf&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A%2F20191108%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20191108T063617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=0e96d5979227fb83586a7bc7767b69dae036a157ac2c8087bd0fd7457f1b7f33","author":[{"literal":"Judith Lorber"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2010"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",11,8]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Judith Lorber, 2010). Gender equality affects women socially, financially and psychologically.

It is also observed that in many instances, individuals receive benefits and rewards based on their social standing. The social status can be based upon earning, ranking in an economic structure, or association with an ethnic and cultural group ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"cda7m8ce","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Rothman, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Rothman, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":79,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/22VZ5JWG"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/22VZ5JWG"],"itemData":{"id":79,"type":"book","title":"Inequality and stratification: Race, class, and gender","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-317-34418-9","author":[{"family":"Rothman","given":"Robert A."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Rothman, 2015). Today, in a world where technology has reached its peak and almost all sectors of life are automated and advanced, the truth of the rate of inequality is extremely shocking.

Functional Inequality

Inequality can be functional in some cases, depending upon the economic standing of that region. It is observed that whenever a new technology or methodology is introduced in a society, those who are quick to implement it, get the economic and social advantage. Also, in adversity, those who adapt quickly or who have planned earlier tend to benefit or at least prevent harm. This group of people increases profit and growth rate. Their savings and profit are utilized to invest in more projects which further improve the financial status and provide job opportunities. Accumulation of capital with those who tend to improve the market increases the overall growth rate. Moreover, when other people in society observe the situation and implement similar techniques, they advance. In this way, the inequality ratio drops ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"Hj7lOXnR","properties":{"formattedCitation":"({\\i{}Economics 448 Lecture 15 Functional Inequality}, n.d.)","plainCitation":"(Economics 448 Lecture 15 Functional Inequality, n.d.)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":59,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/CSAQ4KT6"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/CSAQ4KT6"],"itemData":{"id":59,"type":"article-journal","title":"Economics 448 Lecture 15 Functional Inequality","page":"36","source":"Zotero","language":"en"}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Economics 448 Lecture 15 Functional Inequality, n.d.).

Dysfunctional Inequality

Inequality is more dysfunctional and negatively affect individuals as well as organizations. When people are deprived of resources, financial stability, and health benefits, society as a whole starts to get affected. Individuals living in a society where inequality prevails, are more likely to suffer from tension and distress. Mental and physical health deterioration appear to be the consequences. Unequal societies have a lower rate of growth and a higher rate of violence and crime. One of the major consequences of this situation is that rich people are getting richer while less-privileged ones are even losing what they had. The next generation of fortunate families tends to maintain or increase their wealth and social status. On the other hand, children of less fortunate ones take lower roles or less paying jobs. Inequality affects the behavior and mental approach as well and more deeply than it is thought to.

Factors contributing to dysfunctional inequality

The increasing gap between poor and rich is not a coincident or a simple consequence of social factors. It involves understanding, beliefs and practices of numerous groups at different levels of society. The factors involved in promoting inequality include the classification of people based on ethnicity, gender, and social class. These factors are not developed overnight, in fact, it takes years to build beliefs strong enough to effect on this large scale. In almost all the studies, inequality is discussed from an income perspective, however, inequality is also measured based on property, luxuries, and property. It is because, for most of the research, only data of income is available. Assets and such possessions have the benefit that they are not affected by spontaneous or brief fluctuations in earnings. As much as politics impacts the economy, the economy influences the political dynamics and it is correlated to the inequality. Public strategies for investments, redistribution and revenue are influenced by politics. They can either decline the rate of inequality or broaden the gap. In the U.S., political elements have had a crucial role in increasing inequality. Less-radical tax system helped citizens of America to accumulate wealth and property. Powerful union and central trade in Europe enhanced equality in industrial and average income earners. Many unions struggled due to inequality because of the difference in race and class which weakened the bond. Apart from the unequal income distribution, restraining employment conditions and common unemployment factors guarantee that less industrious European employees exit the market. Due to this factor, the less skilled people will be eliminated from the count of income inequality. If inequality in skills and expertise is the reason behind the unequal income, then first, the pattern of inequality of proficiency must be explored. It is a clear fact that lack of skills is due to lack of opportunities to learn, and this is directly linked to educational and training policies enforced by the government. The government’s decision to financially support certain territory or age groups affect inequality. Racial diversity and political establishments are two common factors of inequality. It reduces the chances to develop an equal and balanced society because people seem to be reluctant to help people from different races or classes ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"b6hBIuOY","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Alesina & Glaeser, 2004)","plainCitation":"(Alesina & Glaeser, 2004)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":77,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/8REXGM7M"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/8REXGM7M"],"itemData":{"id":77,"type":"book","title":"Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe: A World of Difference","publisher":"Oxford University Press","source":"www.oxfordscholarship.com","abstract":"This book explores the difference in the distributive policies of the United States and Europe. It seeks answers to why Americans are less willing than Europeans to redistribute from the rich to the poor. It finds that redistribution is influenced by political institutions, ethnic heterogeneity, and beliefs about the nature of poverty.","URL":"https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/0199267669.001.0001/acprof-9780199267668","ISBN":"978-0-19-160215-3","title-short":"Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe","language":"en_US","author":[{"family":"Alesina","given":"Alberto"},{"family":"Glaeser","given":"Edward"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2004",3,25]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",11,8]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Alesina & Glaeser, 2004). Data collected from surveys, voting pattern and inter-state results in the US, including past research concludes that cultural diversity decreases relocation of resources ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"z9BTZrIs","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Edward L. Glaeser, 2005)","plainCitation":"(Edward L. Glaeser, 2005)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":76,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/YXM2N4NG"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/YgsdZK9k/items/YXM2N4NG"],"itemData":{"id":76,"type":"article","title":"Inequality","publisher":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH","URL":"https://www.nber.org/papers/w11511.pdf","author":[{"literal":"Edward L. Glaeser"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2005",6]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",11,8]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Edward L. Glaeser, 2005).

Conclusion

To eradicate inequality from all walks of life, it is very important to highlight the alarming issue of inequality at every possible platform. The government must take responsibility and educate people on the effects of inequality. Reforms and projects to eliminate factors contributing to inequality are essential in the world of today. It is not possible for a single organization or country to single-handedly fight inequality, rather a global effort has become a necessity in this regard. Providing equal benefits and opportunities are fundamental human rights belonging to everyone. A society can only flourish when societies are strong, and economies are stable.

References

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Alesina, A., & Glaeser, E. (2004). Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe: A World of Difference. Retrieved from https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/0199267669.001.0001/acprof-9780199267668

Economics 448 Lecture 15 Functional Inequality. (n.d.). 36.

Edward L. Glaeser. (2005, June). Inequality. Retrieved from https://www.nber.org/papers/w11511.pdf

Judith Lorber. (2010). Gender Inequality: Feminist Theories and Politics (Fourth).

Prudence L. Carter, & Sean F. Reardon. (2014, September). Inequalitymatters.pdf. Retrieved November 7, 2019, from https://ed.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/inequalitymatters.pdf

Reinert, K. A. (2017). Handbook of Globalisation and Development. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Rothman, R. A. (2015). Inequality and stratification: Race, class, and gender. Routledge.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Understanding Quality

Understanding Quality

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of the Institution]

Understanding Quality

Harris Health Care

The Harris Health Care is a society-owned HealthCare system that is committed to provide high quality and exceptional, cost-effective, compassionate health care services to the community/residents regardless of their financial capabilities.

Aspects of Quality Policy

The quality policy of health care provider has been developed for the purpose to monitor and improve services quality, patients’ safety, and overall performance.

The included terms in the policy are;

Quality and Safety

Provide high quality and safe services with no compromise on eliminating harms to patients from care which is intended to help them. As well as for providing high-quality healthcare services to every citizen organization have skilled, knowledgeable, and well-trained staff and employees (Harris Health System, 2019).

Time Efficiency

To reduce the waiting for patients and even all visitors. As well as to avoid all harmful delays for all who are involved in taking care or providing care. As well as quality policy include prompt and friendly services and safe & comfortable environment which is highly sensitive and fully responsive to the needs and concerns of patients (Parker, Ratzan, & Lurie, 2013).

Efficiency

The main purpose of the quality policy is to avoid wastage that can be wastage of equipment, supplies, items, energy and even ideas.

Equitability

The policy includes the terms of equitability which mean that care services does not and would not differ in quality due to personal characteristics such as sex, ethnicity, geographic, demographics, economic status or other characters of someone.

Patient-Centered

The policy is fully concerned about ensuring the provision of care services to the community that is respectful of and highly responsive to preferences, needs, and values of individual patients (Connor, Trinh, & Shewchuk, 2010). As well as to ensure that every individual and patient values guide every clinical decision.

Based on the things and aspects, the Quality Policy of Harris Health Care Services is an effective and well-established policy that cover all aspects. But! Some minor terms have been excluded from the policy. The terms have been excluded on the basis ISO 9001 standards because those terms were not fully applied to the organization in some ways. The terms which are excluded are;

Processes of the Pharmaceutical Quality System

The Harris Health Care has excluded the Pharmaceutical Quality System Process because most and even all activities and pharmaceutics do not apply to the organization such as purchasing medicines, goods-in, and testing in some particular areas (Connor, Trinh, & Shewchuk, 2010).

Design and Development of New Methods

Harris Health Care System utilizes only the proven approaches, ways, methods, medications and other equipment. The health care service provided does not participate in the designing and development of new ways and methods, treatments, and/or medications (Harris Health System, 2019).

Financial Growth and Financial Concerns

Being a health care service provider, concentrating on revenue generation is not the ultimate goals of Harris Health Care. So the organization has excluded the terms of financial growth and concerns. This has been excluded for the purpose to meet all standards of QMS.

Quality Policy and Organization’s Areas

The quality policy of every organization affects even all organizational aspects and areas. These areas are mostly and usually affected positively by the quality policy of the organizations. The quality policy of Harris Health Care affects the following areas of health care service provider.

Management

Management is one of the most crucial areas of organization of every level. The Quality Policy affects management in more than a single way. The management is concerned to cater every issue occur in or outside the organization that has impacts on the health care services of Harris Health Care. Beyond that, management’s responsibility to improve the processes, operations, retained skills and capabilities, and ensure high-quality services with no compromise on anything. So, the quality policy of Harris Health Care affects management in the way that management should oversee the extreme quality, performance, safety programs of health care. This is done for the purpose to develop and maintain best and highly convenient services, patients’ satisfaction, and patient & staff safety (Grol, Baker, & Moss, 2012).

Communication and Reporting

Communication and Reporting are the initials to patients’ safety and performance improvement. Number of communications and reporting exist to keep staff and leadership informed about every happening. Hence, the policy affects this area by recommending for monitoring for every input and output of the quality management system. The policy force communication of Harris Health Care overcome every communication barrier because of which the issues in performance improvement and patients’ safety are raised (Grol, Baker, & Moss, 2012). While reporting has been affected in the way that it should evaluate organization from every perspective and identify needs and improvements for better services and operations.

Reasons for Policy Creation

There are several reasons because of which the Harris Health Care has created this quality policy. But! Some of the major reasons are as follows;

The policy fully expresses the commitment of management to ensure quality care services that lead to patient well-being and satisfaction.

The policy has been created because it is highly important because it is the basis for quality services, communication and overall performance of the organization.

In order to monitor quality control and quality assurance systems and other related standards, the policy has been created (Parker, Ratzan, & Lurie, 2013).

This policy is highly commensurate with the organizational model and objectives of Harris Health Care.

Beyond above, this policy has been created because it helps organization to save costs and eliminate extra expenses in many ways. Increase patients’ satisfaction, improve service offerings, and reduce waiting and responsive timings. The policy fully meets the requirements and standards of QMS (Quality Management Systems) through the concept of patents centered and equitability and efficiency, so the policy has been created because of these matters too.

References

Connor, S. J., Trinh, H. Q., & Shewchuk, R. M. (2010). Perceptual gaps in understanding patient expectations for health care service quality. Health care management review, 25(2), 7-23.

Grol, R., Baker, R., & Moss, F. (2012). Quality improvement research: understanding the science of change in health care.

Harris Health System. (2019). Quality Manual 2016. Media.bcm.edu. Retrieved 16 August 2019, from https://media.bcm.edu/documents/2017/da/harris-health-system-quality-manual-2016.pdf

Parker, R. M., Ratzan, S. C., & Lurie, N. (2013). Health literacy: a policy challenge for advancing high-quality health care. Health affairs, 22(4), 147-153.

Understanding The Scope Of Vulnerable Populations

Understanding The Scope Of Vulnerable Populations

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of the Institution]

Understanding The Scope Of Vulnerable Populations

Vulnerable Mothers and Children

Pregnancy can be marked as high-risk vulnerability due to different factors. Unhealthy weight, insufficient use of medication, lack of nutrition, use of tobacco and alcohol, and domestic violence can bear unwanted implications on the unborn child and the mother (Koblinsky, Campbell & Harlow, 2018). For these reasons, pregnant women are considered a vulnerable population. Vulnerable mothers' lack of access to adequate healthcare has a direct relation to infant mortality (Koblinsky, Campbell & Harlow, 2018). In 2006, 83.2% of pregnant women seeking health care during pregnancy. Although the infant mortality rate in the United State is on a decline with 5.98 infant deaths recorded for per 1000 births, still there are racial and ethnic groups that have higher infant mortality rates than the US nationals. For instance, due to low income and inadequate income and social status have increased infant mortality in these groups.

Chronically Ill and Disabled People

Chronic diseases attribute to 70% of US deaths annually. In 2005, 26.6% of deaths were due to heart diseases. 53% of the deaths were due to chronic lower respiratory diseases. and diabetes caused 3.1% of the deaths. Chronic diseases often result in permanent physical impairment. 32.5% of people over 65 years of age were rendered disabled due to chronic diseases. 7.3% of adults became physically disabled due to diseases. although the chronic disease is linked with personal choices. These choices can be smoking cigarette that could result in lung cancer and respiratory diseases that would increase the risk for this population.

People Diagnosed with HIV/AIDS

The deaths related to HIV/AIDS are on the rise since the 1980s. There were nearly 500,000 people in the United States tested positive for HIV/AIDS in the year 2008. In 2011, this number decline to 200,000 with 50,000 new patients each year. Although all American populations are vulnerable to HIV/AIDS, African American homosexual and bisexual men are at increased risk to contract the disease (McAteer et.al, 2016). 61% of the total HIV patients belonged to the said social strata. The pain and suffering of HIV/AIDS are further exacerbated by the stigma around it (McAteer et.al, 2016).

Conclusion

Vulnerable Populations

Three HealthCare Needs

Vulnerable Mothers and Children

Affordability of services for pregnant women, acceptability in the society for single pregnant women, and accommodation for the homeless pregnant women

People with Chronic Diseases

Anti Depression Therapy, Provision of Assistance with movement, Provision of effective chronic care management

People afflicted with HIV/AIDS

Reducing the stigma revolving around HIV/AIDs, widespread coverage and access to prevention services, effective follow up for HIV prevention

References

Koblinsky, M. A., Campbell, O. M., & Harlow, S. D. (2018). Mother and more: a broader perspective on women’s health. In The Health Of Women (pp. 33-62). Routledge.

McAteer, C. I., Truong, N. A. T., Aluoch, J., Deathe, A. R., Nyandiko, W. M., Marete, I., & Vreeman, R. C. (2016). A systematic review of measures of HIV/AIDS stigma in paediatric HIV‐infected and HIV‐affected populations. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 19(1), 21204.

Unit I Scholarly Activity

Unit I Scholarly Activity

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[Include any grant/funding information and a complete correspondence address.]

Unit I Scholarly Activity

Core Component

Goal

Responsibilities

Typical Job Titles

Cost

Strategic Management

Formulation, implementation and evaluation

Management, Marketing, Finance and accounting, information systems, research and development

1. Administrative Services Manager

2. Construction Manager

3. Food services Manager

Salary

Finance and Accounting

Spending and earning profit

Investments, financing, dividend decision making

1. Accountant

2. Auditor

Money

Marketing

Branding

Provide goods and services

Customer analysis, Sales Promotion, advertisements, product and service planning, pricing, marketing research and Cost/Benefit analysis

1. Marketing Specialist

2. Marketing and Promotions Manager

3. Marketing Manager

Pricing

Sales

To sale products, achieve sales targets and assist customers

Cost/Benefit analysis, selling products and services and Positive Business Relationships

1. Sales Director

2. General Manager

Revenue

Operations Management

Efficiency in production and services

Management of production of goods and services

Management of Operation processes and strategies

1. Operations Managers

Costs

Unit II Assignment

Exercise # 1

Environment

List the characteristics of the environment as it relates to the business (at least three each)

Briefly describe how the environment impacts the business (at least four sentences each)

Social

1. Population

2. Demographics

3. Location

The social condition does a major job in how a business works and markets their items. The number of inhabitants in that specific area will lessen the market interest dependent on the size of the populace. The socioeconomics of the area will likewise guide the business in what bearing to go dependent on the necessities and needs of the populace, in light of the age of the socioeconomics. Obviously the area will manage the kind of items that will be sold dependent on the topographical area whether it is a cold or hot weather.

Technological

1. Online shopping

2. Media

3. Communication

Because of the progress in technology at this day and age, organizations have arrived at new statures. Web-based shopping enables purchasers to purchase items notwithstanding when a specific store or business is situated over the world. Organizations advance and promote their items through the World Wide Web, explicitly online life which encourages them to arrive at a great many customers day by day. Using communications, shoppers can undoubtedly take control of a business and address a client assistance delegate to ask about a request or an item or any issues they may have.

Economic

1. Supply and Demand

2. Prices

3. Employment

The monetary condition will be direct to a business no matter how much income a retail business will make. On the off chance that the utilized in the zone is great, at that point purchasers will have assets to purchase the items. This will likewise manage the organic market, if the locale where the store is found is a region where joblessness is high, at that point the interest will be less. Retail locations will likewise need to either raise or lower their costs through deals dependent on the previously mentioned elements.

Legal

1. Domestic laws

2. International laws

3. Taxes

With regards to the lawful condition, retail organizations must maintain the laws that oversee that particular area for example Nation, State, Region, and so forth. These laws oversee how much duty a retail business can apply to their items. Work laws must be pursued and guarantee that representatives are of legitimate age. The lowest pay permitted by law laws should likewise be pursued and guarantee that no representative is being paid under the table for not exactly the lowest pay permitted by law.

Market

1. Advertising

2. Competition

3. Investors

The market condition is critical to a retail business in light of the fact that at last a business has to know who their intended interest group is and how to speak to that particular crowd. Promoting assumes a significant job with the challenge the same number of retail locations convey comparable things, retail locations need to ensure that their items stay applicable. For instance Macy's and Dillard's are two of the greatest retail shopping stores that convey fundamentally the same as things. It's significant for this two stores to stay attentive of what the other is doing and remain on the ball.

Exercise # 2

Environment

List the characteristics of the environment as it relates to the business (at least three each)

Briefly describe how the environment impacts the business (at least four sentences each)

Social

1. Location

2. Population

3. Education Level

When considering business that produces electronic items, it is imperative to mull over the area, populace, and the training level. The nearby populace that will work for the organization must be in the know regarding innovation and how to work it. The representatives must have a specific degree of instruction so as to work complicated apparatus to guarantee that assembling is done accurately. More youthful individuals would most likely be the intended interest group to utilize in view of their comprehension of hardware rather than more seasoned individuals. At last the area must be in closeness of a major city so that there are sufficient individuals to fill the activity positions.

Technological

1. Online stores

2. Engineering

3. Manufacturers

Innovation helps organizations with simpler and quicker creation. In a hardware fabricating business the utilization of robots and machines has from multiple points of view supplanted difficult work. Today numerous vehicle businesses use machines to assemble autos and subsequently increment profitability. Numerous individuals depend on online stores to purchase their hardware and make it a lot simpler to explore and think about items next to each other.

Economic

1. Supply and Demand

2. Competition

3. New products

All together for electronic business to remain above water they should have enough supply to satisfy the need of the shoppers. Organizations need to keep awake to date on what the challenge is thinking of straightaway and attempt to coordinate that. Brands, for example, Apple and Samsung think of new items consistently and with that the costs are additionally expanding. Organizations need to guarantee that their items are likewise reasonable by most of the populace, if not the item won't get enough income to compensate for the creation.

Legal

1. Copyrights

2. Patents rights

3. Regulations

In the electronics business it is essential to shield your items from the challenge. This implies organizations must utilize copyrights so the challenge doesn't take your thoughts. There are likewise guidelines that oversee how a business ought to consent to the measure of smoke/contamination that a hardware fabricating business makes. Different guidelines will cover the import and fare of certain gadgets, explicitly those that utilization lithium batteries.

Market

1. Target audience

2. Prices

3. Competitors

The market condition drives the electronic business and at last leads a business to set the correct cost for their item. For instance in Korea the utilization of hardware is a lot higher that in numerous different nations, and in this manner the interest is higher there. Organizations additionally consider their intended interest group dependent on the item they are selling, for instance tablets for early age adapting, for example, jump frog. Another trademark that drives the market condition is the challenge as gadgets change always, organizations must stay aware of the contenders.

Exercise # 3:

Taking everything inaccordance, environmental variables are similarly essential to maintain an effective business whether it is a retail location or a gadgets fabricating business. There were numerous similitudes between the attributes and the effects of nature on both the retail business and the gadgets producing business. Two conditions that were fundamentally the same as me were the lawful and market situations for the two organizations. Lawfully the two organizations must submit to the laws and guidelines set out by the legislature. Bothe organizations must have copyrights all together for the contenders not to take their thoughts. Additionally with the market condition the two organizations must have the option to arrive at their intended interest group through publicizing and request to their shoppers. The evaluating of their items must meet the nature of their items and make it moderate for the customer too.

Considering this data, as a business manager, I would ensure I comprehended the significance of every one of the conditions and how to apply them. I would exploit innovation so as to arrive at the buyer and my intended interest group using on the web commercial.

Unit III Essay

Unit III Essay

[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees]

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Unit III Essay

Motivational Theory Motivating Me

It cannot be denied almost by no one that every theory and idea of motivation plays a vital and enough huge in the process of motivating one in life. In other words, the role of almost every motivational theory and idea is high in motivating a person in his or her life. While the same is the case with me. It means that the role of almost every motivational theory and idea is significant in motivating me. These theories and ideas have motivated me in different manners and different cases or situations. In addition to it, the role of motivational theories and ideas is credible because it played a positive role in getting me up in several situations. Furthermore, these theories and ideas have not impacted and similarly motivated me but each of them has very varying influences.

As discussed, there are many theories and motivational ideas and all of them have motivated me up to an extent in my life. But it can be found highly effective if things are ranked based on their role, significance, and influence. Hence, the same has been applied here. It means that the motivational theory that has motivated me the most in my life and I consider it as the best motivational theory for myself is the Maslow Hierarchy of Needs Theory. This theory has always affected me in a way that enabled me to come up with better life experiences and achievements. I mean that the Maslow Hierarchy of Needs Theory has always motivated in the way that it made me and still making the individual who prefer to not get satisfied with what achieved (Jonas, 2016). While it made the person who always looks and fights for better in life and goes to achieve more than have at hand.

Maslow Hierarchy of Needs Theory

The Maslow Hierarchy of Needs Theory states that individuals are motivated to achieve certain needs and that some needs take precedence over others. This theory finds that there are needs in one’s life that keep the person motivated by requiring him or her to achieve them. These needs are mainly categorized into five main categories by this theory which are;

Physiological Needs

Safety Needs

Love and Belonging Needs

Esteem Needs

Self-Actualization Needs

Physiological Needs

Physiological Needs includes all of the needs that are the basis for one’s life to live. In short, Physiological Needs include biological needs such as food, water, and clothing, etc. If these needs are not satisfied then one never thinks the safety needs as he/she cannot even live or survive without having these resources at hand. This motivational theory considers these needs as the most important as one wants to have them satisfied them at any cost.

Safety Needs

Safety needs include the needs such protection from elements, order, security, stability, and freedom from problems and fear, etc.

Love and Belongingness Needs

These are the needs that motivate the person to have belongings in life. This means that one wants to love and be loved. This involves the motivation for interpersonal relations. The example of this need mainly includes families, friendships, trust, and acceptance and/or affiliation with a group of people.

Esteem Needs

This includes the needs of oneself esteem such as mastery, achievement, and independence and desires for respect and reputation such as having status, etc. (Jonas, 2016).

Self-Actualization Needs

This involves the realization of self-fulfillment, personal competence, and potential, seeking for growth and success and peak experiences (Wu, 2016). In short, this motivates requires and motivates people “to become everything one is capable of”

This theory has motivated me in my real life but mostly it motivated me in my academics. This theory had done and still doing so because it motivates me to gain knowledge and learn new things in my educational life. In the early stage of education, I was only engaged to study and proceed to higher classes. But with time, I realized that I have to proceed to the next classes by getting better grades. So, at the time when this area has been covered then I started looking for studying extra things. So for that, I started reading general books and newspapers to get engaged with on-time updates and gain historical information (through reading books) to satisfy the need of studying extra materials.

Proceeding further, this theory motivated me to have social connections and interactions with professional people beyond my academics. This was the next need in theory’s terminology (Wu, 2016). So for the purpose to accomplish the need, I began to get engaged in social activities. Here, I started to become a part of seminars, annual programs, and events held in the college and university as participants and organizers. So with this involvement, I meet my teachers, seniors and outside persons (visitors) in an open (formal and informal ‘up to an extent’) so that I created my social connections. The result here is I have more friends and personal association with some teachers which benefit me a lot in different ways.

Example 1

The career guidance by business leaders who use this theory has motivated me successfully. This has motivated me because business leaders assist employees to meet their potential as it does empower them by offering increased authority and responsibility. As a result, employees look for something more credible and work harder (Jonas, 2016).

Example 2

In a situation where business leaders integrate employees with the company's mission by satisfying their needs, this theory did not work. It did not work because they focus on the organizational objective behind motivating employees but employees worry about their basic needs before fulfilling the company’s mission (Jonas, 2016).

References

Jonas, J. (2016). Making Practical Use of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory to Motivate Employees: a Case of Masvingo Polytechnic. Journal of Management & Administration, 2016(2), 105-117.

Wu, Y. (2016). Hierarchy of Needs Theory and the Positive Psychology Construction of Chinese College Students. In 2016 2nd International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2016). Atlantis Press.