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Compare and Contrast Law Enforcement Of USA and Morocco
In the United States, among three major criminal justice components, Law enforcement has a special place. It acts semi-independently but linked to other components of the criminal justice system of America(Foster, 2006). Governmental police agencies are a prime source of law enforcement operation. The police department of U.S. has approximately 17,985 agencies of police which includes state troopers, federal law enforcement agencies, and offices of county sheriff's. The main purpose that the law enforcement serves in the U.S. is to do suspected investigation of criminal activity, suspected criminals temporary detention and refer their result of the investigation to courts.
Morocco's establishment of police is based on the French model of police as it was established by colonial authorities of France. Later after the formation of a new government after the independence by Morocco from France and Spain, the same form persists(Bartolucci, 2010). After riots in 1965 in Casablanca, Surete Nationale becomes an organization which is autonomous which in comparison to America is directly answered to their King. Responsibilities of the Moroccan police include criminal activity deterrence, and stop the crime to progress. They act in accordance with courts directives.
Police in Morocco is less effective due to corruption which results in a lower level of rule of law respect among people. A survey is conducted that tells that out of 10 4 households have paid a bribe to police during 2015(Foster, 2006). It was also reported that among civilian authorities and officers, abuse reports were not controlled effectively by security forces. When investigations were carried out it rarely results in disciplinary or criminal proceeding actions. Several NGOs reports that complaints are dismissed and proceedings are carried out solely on events versions. Eight out of ten citizens in Morocco think police to be corrupt while the trust index of Moroccan police is one third among Moroccans. Companies' protection was found out to be reliable moderately by business communities. One positive aspect of prosecution success about police corruption has been reported. One case was reported about in early 2015 about two highway policemen who were caught on camera of taking bribe from tourist were imprisoned for a month and were fined USD 200. Another case of the bribe was reported and filmed when an officer took a bribe in Casablanca from a driver who will stand on trial in 2016. Concerning authorities equipped the police with a camera mounted helmets to avoid such corruption issues. Documentation of such measures has yet to be done.
In America media issues related to police, corruption is rarely reported but cases of police corruption and brutality are reported about US police charges of killing(Johnson, 1981). A study identifies that 6724 cases are identified that results in the arrest of 5545 officers between 2005 and 2011 for the different activities of crime(Andreas & Price, 2001). 1000 police officers in the USA are arrested per year.
Crimes committed on duty tolls to 41%. Main five crimes breakdown is as follows.
1070 arrest out of 1475 police officers were related to sex-related crimes.
1283 arrest out of 1405 were related to alcohol-related crimes
665 arrest out of 739 were related to drug-related crimes
2586 arrest out of 3369 were related to violence related crimes
1396 arrest out of 1592 were related to police motivated crimes.
Both the United States of America and Morocco are allies in combating terrorism. In June 2014, terrorists belonging to ISIL were uncovered in Morocco when 33 terrorists plot to do terrorist activities were detained. In 2015 an agency is formed by the government of Morocco combatting terrorism with the name of (BCIJ) that focus on transnational and terrorism-related crimes. In America DOH and DHS has most of the agencies working under its supervision that fights terrorism
References
Bartolucci, V. (2010). Analysing elite discourse on terrorism and its implications: the case of Morocco. Critical Studies on Terrorism, 3(1), 119-135.
Foster, S. W. (2006). Cosmopolitan desire: transcultural dialogues and antiterrorism in Morocco (Vol. 5). Rowman Altamira.
Johnson, D. R. (1981, January). American law enforcement: A history. St. Louis, MO: Forum Press.
Andreas, P., & Price, R. (2001). From war fighting to crime fighting: transforming the American national security state. International Studies Review, 3(3), 31-52.
Police Corruption. (2019). United States Institute of Peace. Retrieved 3 May 2019, from https://www.usip.org/events/police-corruption
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