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Case Study: Xenophobia
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Key Issues
The patient is 21-year-old university student named as Jacob. The major personality disorders that he is facing right now includes fear of strangers. His family has noticed unusual and inexplicable behaviors. They have heard him whispering and talking to himself even if there was no one around. They have also heard him praying over and over in the night as well. He now doesn’t like to do things that he once loved to do. He is refusing to answer any calls and feels that if the call gets answers a deadly chip will get activated that was implemented in his brain. He stopped attending his university because he believes that his professors are plotting against him. He is also refusing to go to a psychiatrist because he believes that his parents are plotting against him and they might take out his brain and implant it in themselves. He believes that people are conspiring against him and he will do whatever it takes to protect himself against the danger. Apart from that, Jacob is not social anymore which he used to be. He has had girlfriends in the past but none of them was successful in the long run. He himself feels that most of his friends has moved on from him because of his “bizarre behavior”. He noted that many things which he once loved doesn’t attract him anymore. He believes that he doesn’t even wants an association with his friends anymore. He also loved to ride motorbike and work out at gym but such things also don’t interest him anymore.
Jacob and his family are very religious and have attended the church all of their life. Jacob have attended bible schools in his life. He regularly participated in Church activities and he used to do choirs. However, he also now refuses to go to church and sing hymens.
Diagnostic Impression
The patient is suffering from fear of unknowns, delusions and irrationality. The psychological terms that can be associated with these are Xenophobia, Paranoia and Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia. These terms come under the category of Bipolar and related disorders. The DSM 5 have listed the related condition of patient under “Major Depressive Episode”. The major symptoms are remarkable decrease in interest or pleasure in almost all of activities. Decrease in appetite and weight loss, inappropriate guilt, feeling of worthiness and loneliness, overreacting sense of protection are also some of the major symptoms ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"o56UAset","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Association, 2013)","plainCitation":"(Association, 2013)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":212,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/cYhHNKoU/items/53F97A5R"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/cYhHNKoU/items/53F97A5R"],"itemData":{"id":212,"type":"article-journal","title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","container-title":"BMC Med","page":"133-137","volume":"17","author":[{"family":"Association","given":"American Psychiatric"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2013"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Association, 2013). Anxiety or fear of feeling something more than what its actual danger is and Resistance and triggering of emotions in the presence of certain people are also some symptoms of this disorder. The patient may go to extreme in order to protect himself from the opposing danger and this also self-limits the patients. The don’t want to interact with other people and wants to be socially inactive.
The patients suffering from the mentioned disorders usually have biased and influential approaches towards reality. They often exhibit more hostile and paranoid beliefs towards the reality around them. They may see other people social behaviors as threatening towards them. Patient suffering from such activities may show symptoms of Relinquishing social activities, isolating one’s self, feeling of powerlessness and depression. The other recommended disorder is Paranoia. It includes sentiments of abuse and a misrepresented feeling of pretentiousness. Suspicion happens in numerous mental issues and is uncommon as a segregated maladjustment. following the daydreams include stand out territory a man with distrustfulness can as a rule work and work in regular life in any case their lives might be restricted and disengaged. there are distinctive sorts of paranoia including conjugal paranoia erotomania hypochondriacal paranoia and different types of paranoid disorders such as paranoid personality and paranoid schizophrenia. Treatment of paranoia is generally through conduct treatment which is gone for lessening affectability to feedback and enhancing social aptitudes. it can be hard to regard a man with paranoia as they might be bad tempered sincerely protected unfriendly and unwilling; along these lines’ advancement is moderate. treatment endeavors to break the cycle of suspicion and disengagement by aiding so as to utilize unwinding and tension administration and the individual to change certain practices.
Treatment Recommendation
If the phobia is not severe then self help is the best way towards treatment. Yoga and other relaxation techniques such as breathing exercises and visualization techniques help people to recover from it. However, in the case of Jacob the symptoms showed that his conditions are very severe. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the main that help people to focus on change in their thinking processes and address phobia related activities ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"faiIW5B5","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Omoluabi, 2008)","plainCitation":"(Omoluabi, 2008)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":213,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/cYhHNKoU/items/7TE9SIMP"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/cYhHNKoU/items/7TE9SIMP"],"itemData":{"id":213,"type":"article-journal","title":"Psychological foundation of xenophobia","container-title":"IFE Psychologia: An international Journal","page":"53-71","volume":"16","issue":"2","author":[{"family":"Omoluabi","given":"Peter F."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2008"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Omoluabi, 2008). In this process the change in mentality occurs gradually and the patients are exposed to their environment gradually. If a person suffers from extreme case of Paranoia the treatment should include focusing on lip listening to your inner voice and balancing this with what others say, those you trust and who are objective ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"KRHKMjks","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Cludius, Schr\\uc0\\u246{}der, & Moritz, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Cludius, Schröder, & Moritz, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":214,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/cYhHNKoU/items/QV4WBF65"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/cYhHNKoU/items/QV4WBF65"],"itemData":{"id":214,"type":"article-journal","title":"Expectancy effects in self-help depression treatment: first evidence that the rationale given for an online study impacts the outcome","container-title":"Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy","page":"195-208","volume":"46","issue":"2","author":[{"family":"Cludius","given":"Barbara"},{"family":"Schröder","given":"Johanna"},{"family":"Moritz","given":"Steffen"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Cludius, Schröder, & Moritz, 2018). The main objective of a good therapist is to teach others the ways through which he can motivate himself and come out of theta condition. A therapist should teach the gestalt method for dream analysis something that helps in evaluating thought process. A therapist should suggest to at least talk to people you can trust and who are objective about your problems. People who can accept that you are experiencing paranoia and that it does not make you an inferior person.
References
ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Association, A. P. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. BMC Med, 17, 133–137.
Cludius, B., Schröder, J., & Moritz, S. (2018). Expectancy effects in self-help depression treatment: First evidence that the rationale given for an online study impacts the outcome. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 46(2), 195–208.
Omoluabi, P. F. (2008). Psychological foundation of xenophobia. IFE Psychologia: An International Journal, 16(2), 53–71.
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