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Scholars Continue To Argue About The Future Role Of States. What Is Your Prediction? Be Sure To Include The Various Arguments And Offer Examples.
The Future Role of the States
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The Future Role of the States
Introduction
A state is always regarded as an autonomous entity by many scholars for years. They associate the sovereignty with the state and highlight the powers a state has in global politics. But there are also many arguments made by many theorists that restrict the powers of state and replace the absolute autonomy with relative autonomy that is given to the government.
A significant example is of Marxists concept about a state. There is no denying that rule is, in fact, independent of any pressures and forces other entities might insert on land, but over time, this formal institution is losing its integrity. In today's world, it is hard even to consider any country an autonomous state as times have changed and the powers a state once possessed is shifted to other forces that are working both internally and externally. This essay is aimed at discussing the future role of the country and how the state is managing and will manage the different powers in global politics in the future. The essay will also highlight the issues that stop the nation from exercising its full authority and power. States today have become much stronger, but this might not be the case that will be experienced in the near future. The future role of the country is deteriorating with time due to its high dependency on external forces for its interests.
Discussion
Ever since the world has come into existence, states are treated as an empire that is determined through territorial and central dominance over the regions. However, when it comes to possession of powers, there were many arguments exchanged between scholars over time shaping the state in a sovereign authority which has autonomous control on its ability. States ought to have two different types of power, i.e. despotic and infrastructural power depending on its origin, history, and dynamics of socio-economic conditions prevailing in the state. The concentration of these powers makes the country independent of external control. There are always interest groups present that change the role of the country through their actions, e.g. in case of despotic power, the state is controlled by only a particular group of elites that makes sure that the power stays with them for generations. They make the people free from external pressures but at the same time make them obey forcefully for their self-interests, e.g. North Korea. Although North Korea has managed to establish itself politically stronger and autonomous in the world, it has failed to penetrate civil society.
The other power, i.e. infrastructural power is very prevalent in the current world, and it is assumed that in the coming future, the role of the state will be more infrastructural focused. This is because this power incorporates strong affiliation of civil society with the government as the nature of governance is authoritarian there. This is a supreme type of control if used correctly as the governance influence makes the civil society follow the rules, e.g. in the case of New Zealand, Canada, etc. Despotic and infrastructural both can be exercised simultaneously by states depending on the competency of government elected there.
Before the expansion of globalization, the world was compact, and all the matters of states were dealt with full autonomy, authority, and privacy. These matters were unknown to the outside world; thus, no significant interference occurred as well except for a few examples, e.g. the U.S.A. But through neo-imperialism, many states surrender to the more powerful countries due to the political and economic pressure exerted on them. This led to the interference of many external forces in the state’s matters and made him rely on these forces in the form of Multinational Cooperation, advanced technology, free market, international specialized agencies and many more.
Multinational cooperation over the decades has managed to acquire the position of independent legal entities and seek into the host countries for apparently profit motives. Initially, they were controlled by the state, and they had to follow the laws and policies, but now it is the otherwise situation. They have now become so stronger that they hold more capabilities than a country in the world. This is why they are now considered as the biggest economies of the world by the ratio of 69 on 100. With the help of excessive power and money, these multinational corporations are now promoting those candidates to run the state who will make the policies according to their interests. This element is violating the supreme role of a country and making him rely on international forces rather than its people. Infrastructural power is getting restricted, and democracy is even more danger now than before as the role of cooperation is expanding to the matters solely belong to the general public. Neo-imperialism also played an important in promoting the MNCs expansion. This must be controlled and should be made limited otherwise it will lead to a power shift from state to MNCs in the future.
There are many other powers as well that every state has but only a few know how to use them and this power is to influence the other state or economies. The state has both soft and hard powers of dealing with the issues it is facing both politically and internationally. Hard power is the absolute power of wealth and the military. The more military strong and prosperous the state will be, the more dominance and influence it will have on others. The best example is the United States of America. America can maintain its autonomy in the world by keeping the pressure on other states. Some countries are good at soft power; for example, China is on it’s a way to become the regional power due to implications of soft power. New Zealand is also another country that has less hard power but is maintaining a good reputation in the world of taking right decisions. Looking from the future perspective, many more states will adopt the soft power to keep their sovereignty, but they will also be ready to exercise the hard power given any time.
The future of the state is yet questionable in many aspects especially due to the existing and in some cases getting stricter competition between the state and the free markets. This is another dilemma that will become more serious in the next few years. The tug of war between the state and the market over economic matters is making the position of country weaker. However, this might not be the only possibility as the powers state possess now are not transferrable to any other entity as it demands the support of civil society. The only state can penetrate its control in people and through this act as an absolute authority to regulate the matters of the country.
Conclusion
Looking at the future role of a state from all the aspects, it is made clear that there are a lot of forces currently present in the world that are trying to restrict the state’s autonomy and control. Therefore, the issue of state's retreat cannot be rejected, but essential considerations have to be made. One element that other forces lack but is still in the state's possession is the ideology. , and this trait makes the people unite on the internal and external matters. A country is autonomous with the support of its civil society and will exist to serve them for its survival. Only state can provide security to the people without any self-interests, and this is why the country will continue to maintain its assigned role in the future also.
End Notes
Longo, Matthew. "From Sovereignty to Imperium: Borders, Frontiers and the Specter of Neo-Imperialism." Geopolitics 22, no. 4 (2017): 757-771.
Clapham, Andrew. "Non-state actors." (2016).
Boukalas, C. (2014). Homeland Security, its law and its state: A design of power for the 21st century. Routledge.
Jessop, B. (2016). Territory, politics, governance and multispatial metagovernance. Territory, Politics, Governance, 4(1), 8-32.
Jessop, Bob. The state: Past, present, future. John Wiley & Sons, 2015.
Jones, M., Jones, R., Dixon, D., Whitehead, M., Woods, M., & Hannah, M. (2014). An introduction to political geography: space, place and politics. Routledge.
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