In the era of geopolitical competition, there are two emerging powers, one with the United States as a rising democratic power and the other, China as a rising authoritarian power, where the amalgamation of democracy with some liberal values have brought a for front to the United States grand strategy. A critical analysis highlight that the history of China is both at the same time, it is fascinating as well as complex. The culture of China has been defined in both terms, as a peaceful lineage as well as a warlike situation. It is highlighted that China was created as a result of conquest and it is the reason that China has essentially been ruled by a complete series of different warlords. China is found to be an underperforming country in the age of the world taking into account the political decisions by the Chinese Government. It is also important to note that China has become quite noticeable with the West overtime, on some of the major key fronts. One of the stances is the wake of certain tension happening on the Korean peninsula, where China has taken up the pressure by the US, on the Kim-regime of North Korea. It is termed as one of the significant changes in the policy of China, adhering on the fact that China has also acted as supporter/ backer of the North Korea government but it has backed off because of the cutting resolutions of the United Nations that can be seen as “Temper Tantrums’. China has its strong communal roles and Chinese are found to be obsessed with their set paradigms . According to one of the researches, "China’s neighbours understand the need to get in with China but there is no illusion that China feels the same”. In the meantime, China is often seen as unwilling to change or even bother the basic human rights base that is taking place within the border. China is not found to be abiding by the global norms of the code of conduct. If the context of political stance is highlighted, it is found that the United States as well as China, drew schism been the political prominence of both United States as well as China, where a large quantity of money is aided to the China . Today, China claims to be one of the developing countries, where the underlying merits are disputed and many of the people observe that this admission as something with the essence of the global role played by the Chinese government for the continuation of the aid of dollars. Addressing the cultural influence, the cultural adaptation of Chinese is easily eclipsed by the cultural variation of India, where the majority of the events are planned and performed in China. If a comparison between the political influence of the US and China is made it is evident that China has comparatively a very long way to go before becoming hearty of politic affairs in the context of the United States. Although it is the word of mouth, this paper aims at the analysis of the rise of China and analyze if it is a threat to the West or not.
Research Question
Does the rapid economic growth of China, a communist country, pose any threat to Western Democracies?
A global perspective highlights that in international politics, even in the global world, there exists a chase to authority and rule. This chase of authority and rule is something that has attracted the attention of different analysts and argumentations so that they can express their view of which power in the world is moving ahead in adherence to the different appealing and significant factors. The factors or the eligibility standards are military power, economic power, international relationship and particularly the type of government that a country or a state have. All these factors collectively pave the way for critical analysis and criticism on which country will lead the world. Within the past, America is the superpower of the world, is criticized and many times disused in terms of its growth in relationship to China that has grown with leaps and bounds in the past few years. Apparently, China and the United States are not actually allies, in fact, they are the two dimensions of the world one being highly democratic another being communal. Tension arises in the analysis of the measuring convergence of different factors where China seemed to gain a lot of power after the Cold War. This distribution of power is the point of conflict also the point of comparison. The question is whether China will be able to rule the world in association with the political authority and the set history or communism or China has to shift to democracy . Another dimensions of this problem are the analysis of the fact that either China’s communism is a threat to the democratic power of the United States because democracy is considered to be one of the most idealistic aspects of authority. The threat perception is shaped and designed by the strategic safety net, which emerges from the states’ dependency on the cooperation with the other countries or states that are surrounding it. Also, within the framework of strategic safety net, there exists a notion that this ideology highlights and suppressed the self-interest behaviour of the one who is opting for this ideology. Other daemons of the problems, it had to assume the future of China because of the increasing growth, also because of the loopholes that are significant to push China to the backstage of the world Also, many of the researchers and the analyst think that China has appeared to be a model for many of the democracies and the communities and this ideology highlighted that the political approach of China will get equal praise and admiration if China is taken as a model.
The problem of China as a threat to the United States is a perception of an illusion rather than reality, where the dispersing schools of thought have moulded this platform into a fire where the US thinks that China will soon be dangling on the world stage and it will be a great push to the democracy of China. An apparent, as well as a collective view, highlights that China has both, an illusionary as well as a real impact. This illusion will be converted into reality, but it will take a long time for China to overcome the basic gaps that are questioning and compromising its growth. On the same platform and stage, it is asserted that China is not at all a threat to the West because China is planning and trying to groom its position that is solely in reference to what China wants for itself. Also, China sees itself at a stage where there would be a more global success rather than apolitical competition. However, the illusion of China model to be appealing also needs to be eradicated because China has a history that is too brutal for a developed country and a superpower to be suitable. So, it is asserted that China is nothing more than a source of motivation for the world powers, especially for the West to work on its policies and reconsider its actions so that it can maintain its global position. In addition, China is not a threat but a subsidiary that is trying to improve itself, however, if there are any such aims, China has to travel a lot to reach that stance of West, provided that within that time span West will be more ahead.
Literature Review
The rise of China as a major economic power from a poor developing country in four decades is spectacular. According to Zhao, (2016) from 1979 to 2017, the real gross domestic product of China has grown with an average annual rate of about 10%. Historians quote “the economic growth of any country can be traced back to the choice of policies and political steps taken by the Chinese”. China is termed as a communist economy because communism plays a major role in the formation of historical myriads. The communist party of China was formed in 1921 guided by the control of Mao Zedong. He was the first one to proceed with the revolution as the communist party gained control in 1947. This approach can be traced back to the notion of the Soviet model of development that was embedded within Chinese society. Heavy industries were developed along with a surplus extract from the peasant. The consumer goods were left to secondary importance. Also, in the Sino-soviet split, a breaking of political relations between the Republic of China and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), Mao split from the traditional approach of Marxism-Leninism and a new approach was formulated. The World Bank has quoted that China has experienced global fastest sustained expansion by exceptional economic upheaval in history and it has lifted more than 800 million people out of poverty.
Although the global fastest sustained expansion was a positive initiative, still it does not satisfy the critical outlook of the progress of China from nothing to the world's second-largest economic power. There are four major factors that have contributed to the success of China. One of the factors is the attempt by Deng Xiaoping, opening up to the world policies and the Equity Joint Venture Law that allowed foreign capital and Western companies to enter China that altered the domestics landscape from obsolete and traditional to modern and dynamic. The second-factor that strengthened China’s economic status is the State Strategy outline in the Five Years Plan. This strategy led to the gradual functioning and empowering of the Chinese economy in the FYP. The third factor in empowering the Chinese economy is the role of the "labour force". The labour force of 786 million people in 2017, allowed China to become the world’s factory in the time span of three decades only. The fourth and most effective factor was that of China’s diaspora. According to the information provided by the World Bank’s Migration and Development Brief, the Chinese diaspora has sent remittances of about $64 billion in 2017 despite living in other regions of the world. Side by side, many of the Chinese who gained expertise in different skills came back to China and used their skills to empower the economy of China.
Today, China ranks first in terms of economic size on the basis of purchasing power parity basis, merchandise trade, foreign exchange reserves and value-added manufacturing. The rapid economic growth rate of China has led to a substantial increase in bilateral commercial ties with the United States. According to the data collected from US trade Centre, the total trade between the two countries grew from $5 billion to $660 billion from 1980 to 2018. Today China is one of the largest merchandise partners having the third-largest export market and it is one of the largest sources of imports. According to Roland, (2019), the emergence of China as a major economic power is one of the most discussed concerns among many of the policymakers. Many economists claim that China has used unfair means of trade practices and these practices are one of the sources that are threatening the democratic policies of the United States. It is also highlighted that China's use of industrial policies has promoted and protected the domestic Chinese Industries or firms, favoured by the government. The Chinese government views the growing economy as one of the vital features to maintain social stability, taking into consideration the challenges that are faced by China in developing its economy. Many critics have argued that this attempts to address economic challenges threaten to undermine the competitiveness of the United States’ IP intensive Industries. In addition, as China has become one of the largest and growing markets for the US exports, it is argued that the trade and investment barriers can limit the opportunities for the United States firm to sell its product in China.
Along with it, the history of China entails different periods and passage of time and fruitful trade with its neighbours, also there are a lot of extensive proofs, on which China is seen isolating itself from the eternal influences and becoming a closed society. All these experiences are known to have a profound as well as a long-lasting impression on the Chinese culture as well as Chinese thoughts. Within the last century, there are different difficult extremes associated with the outlook of China. Certain events such as the Civil war, and the occupation by the Japanese in both 1930 and 1940 were few of the instances that brought the Chinese Communist Party and leader Mao Zedong in a dominant power in 1949, that is also termed as one of the most turbulent time spans for China. It was the struggle and impact of China Civil War that there came the People's Republic of China (PRC). In addition, it is also termed as one of the beginnings of the isolation of China it has an aim to relativize itself. It was the strength of the political streams of Mao Zedong that China became prominent in different technologies along with some potent natural resources, still positioning China at the twenty to thirty years back standards of technical occupation.
Later it was the political efforts of Deng Xiaoping that paved the way for a series of reforms that brought a radical change in China. He not only encouraged international trade but he also enforced and started foreign capital investment. As a result, China's phenomenal entry into the world merit was given a sudden boom. There were some specific goals driven policies that were brought into practice such as modernizing China and making it more independent and self-centred. In order to understand the progression of China, it is more important to discuss and have a look at the role performed by China in Asia and then the world. one of the major issues, as well as the topic of interest, was political stability. Many of the Chinese were of the view that the United States is one of the major representatives of the major and underlying values of the Western civilization and these values are in conflict with the Eastern values, whose core is found in China. The evaluation of China’s view highlights that there was a period of Condemnation observed after 1989 and it was the time of the Tiananmen Square Massacre, where the western culture tried to normalize its relationship with China. Meanwhile, military issues in China were also highlighted. The economic reforms that were promoted by Deng Xiaoping paved the way for a period of spectacular growth. During that time, the average Gross Domestic Product of China developed with 9.3% between 1979-1993. It was the time when the world experienced one of the massive growth rate periods which was counted to be 2.6%. it is also important to note that the within last fifteen years, the overall economic growth of China is shifting from 37 to 11 number within the time span of 10 years only. As a result, China is rated as solvency to large foreign country reserve after the United States of America.
Although China’s performance is found to be much impressive, there has always been a dire need to maintain the overall growth by China. One of the reason is, there is a massive population in China, it represents a larger ratio of the domestic market along with a cheap labour source that makes up about eight hundred million people in total. An analysis of military reforms highlight that the Chinese military also underwent some massive changes in the middle of 1980. There was a threat of the Soviet Land attack and it diminished as well as directed the attention of People’s Liberation Army (PLA), taking into account that this threat was stirred into some regional disputes. In addition, it is highlighted that PLA initiated its focus on the safety of limited at which downturn in the relation of China with its neighbours in the west, also, there was a revision of the Tiananmen Square Massacre. Another important role was played by the Gulf War that directed Chinese leadership to have a closer look at the conflict. As a result of this attempt, the Chinese learned a lot of lessons from the Gulf War. With the passage of time, it is highlighted that China gained a lot of logistics support which acted as actual combat compatibility. Secondly, China got a shift from a massive reliance on the manpower to industrial development, and in the end, there was a decline in the reliance on the civilian population that was meant to fill the army's and which was required when the concept of arbitrated people’s war was brought to an end. As a result, there was a massive shift in the military tragedies because China initiated a Military modernization program. Also, China's economic growth was brought parallel to the modernization program. Also, it was due to the secrecy of this underpinning military matters, the size of Chinese military expounded taking into account that 1996 China’s budget was $8.7 billion, also IS independent estimate vary from $ 8 billion US to $100 billion. Regardless of the intent estimates that official Chinese defence budget highlights that there was a 200% increase from 1988.
It is important to note that from the past 1988 till now, China has the world’s largest military and it comprises of 2 million men, making it the thirst world’s largest air force. This army comprises of 5,300 crafts. However, there are some loopholes in the form of poor training some of the obsolete training and the transition of the new doctrine. China has promoted trade with other countries to promotes its armies in the form of weapons such as aircrafts an increase of the aircraft as well. By today, China is also planning to bring into the process the role of multi-role fighters, that are also known as XXJ fighters, that will be having a stealth design. Today, China is playing its prime attention to amplify the supporting aircraft as well. The defence system is also incorporated and expanded but the purchase of different air defences system requirements that are up to date and more technical. This plan includes the incorporation of destroyers and fighters who knows how to works with different weapons technologies. Certain evidence is "Varyag", "PlAAF" and PLAN". Rapid Reaction Units (RRU) is also one of the troops that are turned and better equipped as compared to the regular army, that is capable of deploying on short notice and protect China from any of the life and political threats. In the last few years, nuclear attention is also prominent, with the support of Russia. Also, China has an active space program that is guided by the information dominance policy. There are major attempts for the plans to counter stealth radar, intelligence sites and the technical vehicles.
A western strategic picture conveys different information taking into account that Canada’s strategic policy brought China in the confusion in terms of Space Massacre. Since 1996, the government of China has been looking for a balanced approach that can differentiate between trade relationship and the human rights, however in March 1996, there was a massive ability to destabilize the Asian Pacific Region, where attention was brought to “One China” policy. China brought into practice a four-pillar strategy that was used in some major principles of “comic partnership”, sustainable development, peace and security as well as “human rights, good governance and the rule of law”. All these aspects and visions highlight the progression of China as an economic power, that is combined with the large-scale programs that can modernize its military and empower the question of this power will be used to incorporate the political stability. It was 1997, the Canadian Department of the National Defense Strategic Overview highlighted that with some external appearance, China is more assertive and empowering in its nationalism along with territorial claims and the modernizing solitary capabilities that are causing a lot of uneasiness in the region. One of the major trouble is that of China's long-standing claim of territories in the South Asia Sea. In addition to this, political unrest is also important to address, in the second areas of concern, addressing political issues, it is highlighted that the communist regime is maintaining strong control on the massive challenges of the large and complex country. One of the major occupations of this regime is the intention of China to stay in power. China sees this issue as one of the major efforts or the human rights that can encourage democracy as one of the attempts to maintain the internal affairs of the state. Also, the China and the US governments are conducting policies that are meant for the engagement and encouragement of both democracy and human rights There is a dire need for China to understand the Chinese leadership and the attraction of China that need to be balanced under the impact of close cooperation that is placed on it. The framework of the combination of the large and prosperous economy along with a modernized and advanced military and community regime will determine the potential of China to offer some security challenges to the West early in 21 century.
The Chinese government has tried to address these problems and issues by implementing policies that can increase the role of the market in the economy, it will boost innovation and make the overall customer spending as one of the driving forces of the economy. Also, the government has tried to expand social safety net coverage that can encourage the development of less polluting industries and overcome the official government corruption. Keeping challenges aside, the attempts of the Chinese government has empowered the global economic projects and policies, giving special attention to infrastructure development. China’s Belt and Road Initiative is one of the grand strategies that is used by China to finance its infrastructure in different regions such as Africa, Europe, and Asia and in other countries as well. It is highlighted that China's economic initiatives are capable of increasing and expanding the investment markets by increasing the “Soft Power” globally.
Today, there is a hot debate on the influence of China on the democratic countries of the West. According to Nuruzzaman, (2016) for many years till now, there are a lot of democratic authorities who are primarily concerned with the future of China in terms of its influence on the world. As the Chinese communist party has planned to take steps that can intensify and empower its control on media and free expression, China is termed as an external observer through the lens of economic development because China saw the countries developing while being an observer which is now termed as a code of updated economic strategies and growing republic. The democratic powers of the world headlong rush into the unconditional, rather than principled and measured agreement with China that has resulted in evident problems. China is posing a serious and insidious threat to liberal democracy, which may result in democratic weaknesses by acting aggressively to the West. The Chinese model of autocratic Capitalism supplied with what is missing since the demise of the Soviet Union in 1991. It is also referred to as a plausible and alternative path to national development and prosperity. China’s rulers through their model are positioned at a superior stage because it preserves social order and harmony while liberal market democracies elevate a selfish invidiously above the collected good. This is a view, echoed in some fast-growing Asian countries such as Singapore and Vietnam. The United States and Europe have hoped that the engagement of China would encourage political upheaval much like other post-communist states that exist in Soviet Orbit.
In the short term, China seems more likely to become a more formidable ideological and economic competitor to the liberal democracies of the world. It is found that Europe and the United States are offering everything except for the coherent and concerted response to the challenger, taking into account the lack of cooperative attitude of USA. Trump’s American first nationalism is replete with the threatened trade tariffs along with the withdrawal from the rise in the climatic record. There was significant criticism of the European defence system that is spent in indifference to human rights because it makes the markets transatlantic cooperation more difficult than ever. It is highlighted that this fraction will only intensify if the national populist parties will breakthrough in some other countries as was done in Italy.
There are three major factors that promote China as a threat to the democratic powers of the West. One of the major factors is the cultural and geographical factors that are making China a threat. An example of it could be the neo-conservatives in the Bush Administration which is one of the significant factors that still sticks to the baseline of Communism. According to Samuel Huntington, it is the clash of civilization and the unholy alliance between Confucian and Islamic civilization that will be the most fundamental threat to the West. For the people, who use this logic, it is found that the ultimate response would be a containment policy and a confrontation that would be possible when required. Geo-economics and geopolitical factors are ranked second to the major threats to the democratic power of the West. According to many of the realists, China has shed off its ideological straitjacket as one of the power in terms of economy, population, and territory. China has planned to peruse its interests and respects in its own traditional way. It is then argued that Nationalism can drive China to a clash with the United States, taking into account the stance that the latter refuses to accommodate or adjust the relationship with China as a rising power.
There are many scholars who think that democracy can unleash popular nationalism and strong nationalism that will make China more aggressive towards the United States. The third threat is the collapse and fall of China in the context of opposition to the previous two perspectives towards the United States. It is highlighted that there are a lot of critics who thought that if China will suffer from a Soviet Union-style sudden death syndrome as a result of which it will spin out of control more worse results are expected in this scenario. These three aspects and features are the reason that the United States’ often oscillated from demonization to romanticism of China, leading from containment to engagement. The US-China relationship has observed a massive shift as a result of the conflict taking into account the essence of competition, restoration of the conflict and confrontation that is rarely featured with cooperation. According to one of the American China specialists, the neutral relationship between China and the United States is a sweet and sour Sino American relationship.
In developing countries such as Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America, the problems appear to be much worse. It is highlighted that China appears to be a product of mixed influence and operation under economic aggression on a large scale that can exert undue influence over other countries. According to the study by the International Republic Institute, it is examined that Beijing strategy in 13 countries warns that the world-wide campaign of China represents a significant and clear threat to the US economy and the strategic interest. It is asserted that the Chinese Communist Party is employing and practising a unique set of tactics in the information as well as economic domains that undermine the developing countries and institutions as they depended on China to grow. According to one of the reports, “These actions, that are in conjunction with China’s support for likeminded and liberal partners, there is growing advocacy for the authoritarian model. This model has the potential to draw some of the fragile democracies into China’s orbit and push them away from the democratic West and the United States”.
It is evident that almost all the countries try to exert their influence and China is the world's second-largest economy in the world that is growing very fast, automatically playing a global role. According to the IRI report, it is argued that the United States and its different partners should try to educate their own citizens and then the people in the vulnerable countries about the underlying reality of China’s investment. This will influence the economic practices and help the countries to bolster their democratic imitations so that they can become more reliant to malign activities. It is asserted that the West is not having an easy time, China is one of the threats to the West because of the challenging approach to the world with equal resistance to democracy. Meanwhile, the Chinese are sceptical and not fearful of the world trades. They consider their past colonial and communist dates as positive motivation. The open polls show that the Americans believe China is to be considered as the cause of destruction for manufacturing labour. They also think that by and large, China will one day suppress the economic wealth and strength of the United States because many of the companies of the United States are dependent on China for their future growth and it is one of the signs of approaching threat. It is observed that the political implications of China’s rise in economic power are more than profound. The growing powers of China clearly question the fact, for how long the United States can continue to dominate global politics because the post-Western world has already started to be constructed.
Argument
The rise of China is more like a pressing question, taking into account the ideology of the communist party to shore up the life instinct after a cultural revolution that was meant to change the nation. This change paved the way for three major crises called, ideological beliefs, the confidence in the future of the China and the faith in the CPC. One of the major aspect to note is the launching of "Made in China 2025". One of the states led a policy that tends to seek the answer to China's position in the highly technical global world. The aim of this government is to make use of government subsidies along with the mobilization of state-owned enterprises and initial intellectual property accusation that can surpass the western umbrella of prowess in industrial development and technology. As per the information from the United States and the other industrialized democracies, it is highlighted that these tactics are not only undermining the Beijing’s stand adhering to the international rules of trade, in fact, it is a security threat as well. There are several arguments posed by Washibon such as reliance on foreign investment, theft of intellect, and property, the discriminatory treatment of the foreign investment and the massive input of cyber espionage. It is one of the evidence of the invisible political tension that address which of the power would survive in future adhering to the leadership stance. It is highlighted that President Xi Jinping highlighted that they are looking for as well as offering a solution to China's search for human so that a better social system can be claimed. A year later, it was declared that there is a calming new trail for the developing countries which can help achieve modernization. Along with it the extension of the Chinese Communist Party to reach the obverts and revert to a repressive dictatorship is more like a responsive mode of authoritarianism. All these aspects have paved the way for issues in the form of question series and hatred that calls for a new Cold War, that incorporated both a new democratic model and international order. It is the confidence of the communist party and the suspicious observation by the united states of America that has highlighted that it is not possible for China to undergo economic as well as industrial development under the impact of same political adherence and a communist role. The political values of China are in contradiction the world strategic vision and approach towards growth and development. For many of the observers, it is highlighted that the growth of China as a revolutionary power is acting as a prime threat for the United States as well as the global structure. There are some critical logics that are proposed for this vision highlighting that the ideological and cultural factors are making China a major threat. also, the ideology of China is not acceptable in the neoconservative who is positioned in the Trump administration. In terms of cultural factors, it is highlighted that West is going to face an unholy alliance in the form of “clash between Confucian and the Islamic civilizations”. The points of geopolitical and geo-economics factors are also significant. It is highlighted that China has brought a massive shift in its size addressing population, economy and the territories, taking into account the aim to pursue its own interest and respect. Nationalism is also one of the topics to be discussed, taking into account that China is driven to a clash with the United States, in all the possible terms that facilitate the existence of a state. So, it is highlighted that If the USA will refuse to accommodate or bare the leadership with China in terms of rising power, then there is a chance that China will react more furiously towards the USA which might lead to some warlike incident in the history. Also, the collapse of China is another potent vision to be addressed, highlighting that if China will suffer from a Soviet-Style Sudden death sundry, and then if it moves the spin out of control, then there would be worse scenarios. There would be some massive issues in the form of the refugee problem, the failure of the state and then the crisis such as warlord cries, nuclear weapon destruction and proliferation, that can lead the world to face some huge challenges of the time. In addition to this central threat, there are a lot of threats that are proposed by the countries who are surrounding China taking into account the question of sizing the Chinese ethnic groups and the increasing dependency of the world over China population is also something that is worth considering. It is also important to note that during the present time none of the hovering states in the Asian Pacific region is in competition with China, as well as there is no adoption of clear Anti-China policy. it is evident that there are a number of riots that have occurred in different areas such as Malaysia, Philippines, and other strong resents in Myanmar. At the macro level, it is highlighted that the US aim to have a more proactive attitude towards China, although it is found to be more defensive still a vision of the Sino US from the micro-level highlight that China can take some nice initiatives if there is a removal of communal ideology as well as authoritarianism because the American are strong believers of doctrine of universal peace. Also, it is highlighted that the democratic countries do not fight wars against each other so, in order to promote long term internal and external stability, the Communist Party of China should learn how to play the card of democracy.
The experts of the International relationship usually cite and infer the balance between the power of theory as one of the most crucial and important factors in determining the states of the world, adhering to the context of both present and future, as per Roland (2019) it is highlighted that the United States should consider emerging and empowering tendencies of China as a considerable threat to them, taking into account disputable position in the world of hegemony. It is important to note that the rule of China would only be possible if China will be grown enough to match the strengths and compatibilities of the United States. Actually, the reality is China is not the middle of power, in fact, China is middle in terms of the international political influence as well as the military might. Despite apparently growing Chinese economy is something that is very catchy for the political world and the other superpowers, still, it is very clear that China has to work a lot in order to be considered as a superpower whose political leadership will be a matter of fact.
Although it is observed that in the past fifty years the Chinese statistics of the economy has not only been admirable, in fact, it is found to be unreliable. This fact is confirmed by the reports that have been issued over time by both the international organizations as well as the government itself. Taking into account the volatility of the growth pattern of the Chinese government, the volatility has been dropping because the plans proposed by the government are useful for that particular time, rather than log terms approach that can help to address the economic challenges. It is also important to note that in future, the greatest sign of modernising would be the high economic rise in the Total factor Productivity (TFP) growth in China. Although the capital injection is counted in the major source of growth of the economy, still the greatest source of growth has paved the way for the 7-fold increase in the TFP level. One of the important facts is, there are billions of Chinese have been lifted out of poverty and this eradication of poverty is very real, evidently shown by the Chinese economic growth. It is also important to note that although China is growing as a rich country not as rich people, taking into account that the individualist wealth is not that prominent casting a failure to reach the economic status of the Western nations. In accordance with the per capital rankings, China is lagging heavily taking into to account the sheer number of citizens that it has. There is some prominent banking problem, taking into account that a problem exemplified in the number of the non-performing loans, however, another example is the number of non-performing loans as per the Segal claims, it is at 25% or even greater. It is important to note that a number of justifications are given still the government of China and its overall growth if not decades then probably centuries away from the parity in the United States, taking into account the per capita economic development and the standards of living.
Also, China has an average military, where the Chinese forces are equipped with better tools and they are trained better than that of the major Asian neighbours. A comparison with the eastern countries highlighted that Chines can be considered as the spec rate military power. The dispute between Japan and Taiwan over the Senkaku Island is one of the major examples of this stance. Although there is a lot of charisma that is made over the islands, still China has not used its military forces in capturing the island. There are rare options to assume that China will be having a victory over Japan. Even China did not hold a military advantage over the other new Border States such as Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan. addressing the technology framework, it is highlighted that China is far behind because the military technology that is promoted and presented by China is comprised of the poor production of the Western equipment. In recent weeks, it can be claimed that China has a massive reserve force that makes it one of the upper hand militaries which means very less in modern warfare. A comparison with the United States highlighted that China still poses a very small threat to the American Interest as a whole, whereby China is a military nuisance.
In the broader context, it is highlighted that China Is no doubt accumulating but the intention being interpreted by the neighbours assert that there is a “containment versus engagement” conflict. In the same way, the US should seek to contain in a way that there is the Soviet Union during the Cold War. It is questioned either there are more present and if there is a context for predominance that was out in Southeast Asia taking into account that it is not clear whether on should see a balancing behaviour of the sole describes or the observers were realists or other should try the visions that that the impression of which, the East Asian countries should accept a chines regional hierarchy. Analyzing the reading from the scholars such as John Inkberry, he claims that the China’s rise doesn’t have to trigger a more racing hegemonic transitions, in fact, it is due to the peculiarities of the current international order as well as the fact that the China's growth is only possible because of the insider role that is played by the United States. In this framework, it is noted by Thomas Moore, although there is an economic juggernaut, still, China is nonetheless set to remain and maintain a “Networked dragon” taking into account the most distinctive feature of the participation in the world economy, how it has been imported into the global community of China. It is asserted that the debates on the progress of chains are highly polarized however these debates are also problematic. It engages the issue from the reductionist presumption that one should make choice and pick one side or the other of the argument. Also, any nation that can be at once same or at a different side a there is a challenge where all the opportunities should depend on what is promoted by the International order. So, here what is required initially is to look into the issue of national order which could assert if China is threatening or not. From a broader and the Westphalia outlook, it is found that the current order is one where the nation-state continues to play a central or the crucial role in the international relationships along with a control on the world’s most powerful means of technology. Also, it is an order in which the predominantly nation-states cooperate by user interactions such as instructional as well as multilateralism taking into account that the states are caught in a global commodity chain which paves the way for increasing interference and the natural vulnerability. One of the interpretations of this world order can be interplay era in which different stares are in competition with each other they interact with cooperation by some key institutions and practices towards the preservation of some common goals, such as peace of Westphalia in 1648 and it as codified as United Nation Charter. Also, the Inter alia, these principal common goals are the preservation of the state system and the maintenance of the external sovereignty of the states that have an individual existence. Another interpretation of the international order is the agency rather than the structure. It is evident that the current international order is “western” and after WWII, the US-orchestrated as well as dominated. It is more like a normative or an empirical statement. So, the answer to the position of China as a threat to the United States and its democracy is not that simpler. Analysis from a contemporary Westphalia standpoint China is not at all a threat, here China is just adding some power to its masculinity. There is no doubt in the fact that the growth of China is something very attractive for the global world in the same way China is in a dire need to protect its maritime routes as well as the neighbouring and the unbearable security and ability. Also, the military rationale of China is also based on the ideology of asymmetric power, but it is weaker in the traditional military terms. It is one of the areas that China is sending hails roost, internal and sober security that is neither unconventional weaponry not it is nuclear. China is seeking toil interest in her neighbourhood that is patrol in the South China Sea where the severity over a large number of islands is disputed in terms of neighbouring countries such as Malaysia or Philippines, the special relationship of China in North Korea is also something that comes adventures in the region as well as in the abroad.
Conclusion
It is asserted that China depends on a much like Asia and the work dependents on China. It highlighted that China is direct to the US and it has, therefore, no interest in a direct confrontation it US as a major competitor. Here, it is highlighted that China doesn’t pose any kind of challenge and it will not try to cash in as much as a from the current situations. If there is a challenge posed by China in the contemporary world or the contemporary Westphalia understanding of the international order in the context of US-led hegemonic projects. As per recent studies, it is predicted that at the end of the present decade, China might surpass the US one of the major or enteral economies of the World. As per the continuous growth, China will be shaping the global institution and its policies on the international paradigm. And ultimately China will be needing help from the US because China alone cannot lead the world. Also, the Chinese powers and the world will collectively undergo some of the major structure adjustment however China will be reshaping the global order. In the same way, US would be facing some significant issues such as the economic crisis and the financial meltdown.
The market logic highlights that China can be a source of competition between different markets especially or the US and the rest of the world. This competition encourages others to go for more investments, have better services and adopt for better goods, Also, the action of China in circulating more money and resources in the past years and the lending of money by China's banks have impacted the economic actions of the other countries in the global competition. Furthermore, this competition can also impact the double standards of the western world by promoting a positive review of the existing policies. Also, the west and the United States intention to preach human rights and most of the IMF and the World Loan Programs have supported the packages that are concerning human thoughts and democratic development. Here it would not be wrong to say that the United States need to think and then rethink about the policies and the double standards China is bringing their cynicism to the fore. So, it can be said that the China doesn't pose a threat to the current system of the United States, however, there is a challenge as well as an opportunity for the hegemony that is led by the United States. Also, "threat-talk" is prevalent, especially in the United States. In addition to the realists, the neoconservatives are increasingly positioning to China is never-ending attempt to reproduce the lost essence of nationalism that is acting as an external threat and making it barbarous to the others. However, an analysis of the orientalist approach is prevalent for centuries in the Western world especially in the United States culture taking into account that the post-Soviet era has promoted an "othering" tendency that has shifted to so call rogue nations such as North Korea, Iraq. Iran, Libya, Venezuela. In conclusion, it is highlighted that if threat discourse continues to increase and the care becoming dominant by being not confined to the policymaking and the intellectual circles but also in popular media and press then the idea of Chinese threat could well become a self-fulfilling's prophecy. Also, in contrast, increasing discourse framing a more positive and intellectual tone can generate positive notes and good wills for both the parties, leading to a more positive global future.
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