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Development research paper
Your Name (First M. Last)
School or Institution Name (University at Place or Town, State)
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Country selected: Ethiopia
Global food security is one of the leading global institutions that are addressing all ten issues related to food, poverty, and hunger. It has been observed that American is putting all its effective efforts for addressing ten needs of people across the world. This institute is also making many pieces of research for trying to identify the causes of food insecurity in the world (Gilligan,et,al,2007). There are various causes of malnutrition and food insecurity in the world. This fact cannot be denied that world hunger has become one of the major issues that need to be given the top priority for saving people who are dying of hunger.
What is food insecurity and what roles does population growth play in it?
Food insecurity is the state of being without solid and reliable access to have a sufficient amount of food so that the nutrition of people could be fulfilled. It could be said that it is the disruption of the food intake that would be because of the various reason (mainly because of lack of money). According to the reports, in 2014 there were around 17.4 million U.S households that became a victim of food insecurity. Food insecurity could be of two types a short term and long term (Godfray,et,al,2010). Food insecurity generally occurs when people are unable to have a sufficient amount of food that being human they should take daily to keep themselves healthy.
Role of population growth
There are many global issues that are making life difficult for people and among these issues one of the most prominent issues is population growth. The global population is growing exponentially and numbers of people are increasing at an accelerated rate that has not ever been recorded before. Pieces of evidence show that population growth is the main cause of food insecurity and the situation is going to be worst in the coming future as it has been estimated that in 2050 world population would be 9.3 billion which means that world population is going to be doubled.
There has been observed a direct relationship between the population growth and food insecurity that means that if the population is going to be increased along with food insecurity. Many reports claim that population growth is one of the main contributors that has increased the demand for food. Population-food crisis relationship cannot be denied. Taking a look at Ethiopia it has been seen that it is among the developing countries but the rate of its progression has been badly affected because of population growth. Food aid is needed because the number of people is continuously increasing. The population of Ethiopia was 98.9 million in 2015 that rose to 110.14 million in 2019 and Ethiopia that is considered as one of the under-developed countries has become the most populous landlocked country in the African continent.
What specific factors interrupt the flow of food from the source to the people in the developing countries country you selected?
The flow of food is an important thing that must be kept in mind while discussing the issue of food insecurity and it has been seen that there are various factors that interrupt the smooth flow of food from source to people. In Ethiopia, there has been observed many physical and abstract factors that are becoming a hurdle in the flow of food. In Ethiopia, climate, the fertility rate of crops, lack of latest technology, limited area for cultivation are some of the major physical factors that clearly interrupts the flow of food from resource to people. Other major factors include a shortage of high-quality seeds, efficient labor and lack of mechanical types of equipment. There is another category of factors that also interrupts the food flow from source to people. This category includes poverty and lack of money because of various reasons. In developing countries, factors that are interrupting the way of the flow of food include economic resources of the government. In the case of Ethiopia, it has been seen that the government does not have sufficient economic resource that they could address all the issues that are there for the public. Particularly when it is about Ethiopia it won’t be wrong to say that the high cost of nutritional products is one of the main factors that is interrupting the smooth flow of food from source to the people. The financial crisis is the main source that interrupts the issues. Transportation is also a factor that would affect the flow of food from source to people as in Ethiopia it has been seen that there are many areas where it is difficult to reach and most of the cultivated lands are far off than populous areas where people want for food.
What forms of technology can be used to reduce hunger and improve food security?
According to the latest stats world population is 793 million who are not having proper food nourishment. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United States (FAO), there are many things that are causing negative impacts of the cultivation of more agriculture so that the nutritional needs of people could be fulfilled. Weather, labor markets, a system of food supply, livelihoods and social inclusion all these things combine and hinders the ability to get food for meeting the day to day basis dietary energy requirements (Lal,et,al,2004). Researchers have found that most of the issues that are hindering the way for coping the issue of food insecurity could be controlled to a greater extent by using the latest technology that has been made for assisting human in all walks of life. There are various forms of technology that could be used for reducing hunger and improving food insecurity.
Improved prediction of weather, improved information gathering system and improved responses are some forms of technologies that must be used for improving the food production (Shiferaw,et,al,2014). The prediction will help in knowing in which season which crop should be harvested and when there would be chances of rain so that beforehand arrangements could be done for reducing hunger as most of the crops got damaged because of unpredictable rain. All the latest technology that is used in metrology should be used. Technology that would increase the crop yield and would minimize crop destruction by the pesticides should be used. Weather prediction technology would help in predicting drought and floods (Lobell,et,al,2008). Technologies that teach about how to use fertilizers so that land would not be lost its productivity. The technology of Grafting is could be also used as two different plants could be mixed for making a new plant that would be having characteristics of both plants. It is a way of producing off-season fruits and vegetables that would help in reducing hunger and improving food security.
Conclusion
By taking the present situation in consideration it could be said that the growing population is the main reason why hunger is increasing across the globe. Especially food insecurity is increasing in those countries that are under-developed and does not have the latest technology for coping issues that are causing many health issues for people. Malnutrition is the main issue that the world is facing and there have been recorded deaths because of malnutrition. As a whole, it could be concluded that increase of population is the main cause of malnutrition that is because of which people are unable to fulfill their nutritional needs and ultimately they faces various health issues that affect their performance as a whole.
References
Gilligan, D. O., & Hoddinott, J. (2007). Is there persistence in the impact of emergency food aid? Evidence on consumption, food security, and assets in rural Ethiopia. American journal of agricultural economics, 89(2), 225-242.
Godfray, H. C. J., Beddington, J. R., Crute, I. R., Haddad, L., Lawrence, D., Muir, J. F., ... & Toulmin, C. (2010). Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. science, 327(5967), 812-818.
Lal, R. (2004). Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security. science, 304(5677), 1623-1627.
Lobell, D. B., Burke, M. B., Tebaldi, C., Mastrandrea, M. D., Falcon, W. P., & Naylor, R. L. (2008). Prioritizing climate change adaptation needs for food security in 2030. Science, 319(5863), 607-610.
Shiferaw, B., Kassie, M., Jaleta, M., & Yirga, C. (2014). Adoption of improved wheat varieties and impacts on household food security in Ethiopia. Food Policy, 44, 272-284.
Timmer, C. P. (2015). Food security and scarcity: why ending hunger is so hard. University of Pennsylvania Press.
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