Two areas where research could be applied
The world has become a global village where different countries are offering academic opportunities to students. It is impossible to know all the languages, so having English as the second can reduce the difficulties of students to a great extent. Two areas, where research could be applied, are well-being and confidence and practically speaking these areas could be educational institutions.
Reasons for undertaking research
Number of International students is getting high and English being an international language is considered as the language of communication that helps students and other people for breaking the communication barrier.
Research question
Is there any effect on the well-being of students when they could not communicate properly because of the language barrier
What are the social experiences that EL students and non-EL students have and how they share such experiences
Research objectives
The objective of this study is to investigate lack of confidence and social interaction between students who use English as their second language and those who dont know English. Other objective is having a look at the effects that teachers and administration cast on the social experiences of students in a class setting.
MDT involvement
Multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) play a significant role for enabling practitioners, professionals and students in institutes, social care and health fields so that they could collaborate successfully. MDT involvement provides benefits to teachers-students, patients-health professionals and business-clients etc. They enhanced the outcomes and satisfaction of students, patients and clients etc.
Literature search (Two Articles)
Decreasing the social gap between English language learners and native speakers of English by Rachel Loayza.
The influence of language difficulties on the well-being of international students An interpretive phenomenological analysis by Glory Gatwiri.
Method for collecting data
For collecting the data for a study where the decreased communication gap is achieved by students who use English as their second language, a spreadsheet was created for collecting and analyzing the data. In the method of collecting data, each article includes title, year, author and participants level of grade, keywords and ESL language programs. It has been seen that in the method for keeping the records, the data collected falls into two classes or categories communication barriers that are faced by the EL students and efforts that are being made by the district, schools, administration, teachers and community. The following are the subheadings that were recorded on the spreadsheet by marking an X on the box if a factor is being recorded as a barrier in the study.
Class size
No or little native language instructions
Instructions not related to curriculum
EL students not feeling that they are the part of the community
Lack of tracking the progress of students
Community or staff resistance
Lack of training given to administration, staff and teachers
Material not appropriate in certain ways
Disparity while accessing the resources
Students negative attitude
Lack of interaction or contact with native English speakers
A systematic approach for data collection
The systematic approach of data collection means that an approach that would be well-organiz ed and effective for collecting the data. In this research, the researchers have used the approach in which information that has been measured from diverse sources that has been focused for understanding a specific area of interest.
The relevance of data collected
The data collected by the researchers in their studies are relevant to the main concern of the study. While collecting the data this fact was taken under consideration that what information is needed Keeping an eye on the objectives of this research only relevant data was collected. This fact was focused that objectives may changes with time so the relevance of data collected may get influenced as well. Data is collected for giving a final firm to a decision so only that data should be collected that would help in giving a final shape to the results.
Table
Class size
NoNo or little native language instructions
NoInstructions not related to curriculum
XEL students not feeling that they are the part of the community
XLack of tracking the progress of students
XCommunity or staff resistance
Lack of training given to administration, staff and teachersX
NoMaterial not appropriate in certain ways
NoDisparity while accessing the resources
XStudents negative attitude
XLack of interaction or contact with native English speakers
X
Prioritizing collected data
All the data that has been collected in this research is not going to be used rather data would be prioritized on the basis of requirement means that data which would be appropriate according to the demand of topic, results and time would be used not. Only relevant data would be put in the prioritizing list.
Comparison of articles
The main focus of both the selected articles is, how English as a second help students in understanding things and how English being an international language assist students in a class setting for eliminating the communication barrier, but there are some differences in these articles as well. Glory Gatwiri in his article is mainly spotting a light on the importance of English as a second language, she claims the trend of going to other countries for international studies has become need of the hour and it is impossible to learn all the languages or a specific language in a shorter time period, so English is an international language help students for coping the issues of language barriers. By moving to a new country, students would have a new experience and would find them in a new social setting (Gatwiri et al., 2015). Confidence and well-being of students would be maintained or boost only if they would be able to communicate their thoughts to their teachers and other fellows in the class. Participating in a class setting could be only possible when one knows a language that would be understandable for everyone. English being an international language has become a language of communication. For example, An Arab student who studies in American would use English language despite using Arabic as English is being recognized worldwide as an international language.
In his research Glory quoted researches of many other experts for supporting her views, according to the research of Jackson, Ray and Bybell it has been witnessed that most of the international students suffer from lack of confidence. Their studies claim that learning a new language for social integration is significant and local students help in boosting ones proficiency for accruing a new language. According to Barratt, students who have command and expertise in the English language face minimal humiliation and anxiety (Loayza et al., 2017). They are likely less self-conscious about their ethnic backgrounds and accents. International students who have English as their second language adjust in less time in a new culture.
Other selected article is written by Rachel Loayza that focuses on the lack of social interaction between EL students and non-EL students in a class setting for finding whether administration and teachers cast effects on the abilities of students for sharing and learning the intercultural social experiences. Language is the most important tool of communication and it has been seen that students whose second language is English face fewer challenges and difficulties in their academic period. It has also been seen that students who know English can effectively participate in cultural activities that would give them a chance to know more about other cultures. Rachel also claims that administration and teachers play most important role for bringing students close to each other but if the students know how to convey their feelings and thoughts to others learning new cultures would become easier. Rachel in this study also quoted and used researches of other experts who have worked for knowing how English as a second language help students for decreasing the communication gap between them. According to a study that has been done Hruska (2000) students who know English as their second language are likely to face less isolation. Being in an environment where one knows nothing how to communicate because of the language barrier would make him/her a victim of isolation. Studies have shown that this isolation and segregation will have a direct negative effect on the progress of students. A student may sense this isolation in a class setting as well as outside the class as being at a new place would demand to know the cultural system and unless one knows about cultural aspects of the new place one could not adjust there. According to Schaffer and Skinner, though teachers help for bringing students close to each other so that communication barriers could be minimized, it has been observed that students who have similar racial and linguistic background socialize more than rest of the class.
Conclusion
Both the works show the importance of international language. English being the second language of a student gives him/her a confidence to participate well in the class discussion. From the studies, it could be concluded that students who have a command over the English language face fewer difficulties as compared to students who do not know English. It has been seen that students face communication barrier because of having no language common between them and the institution and then they fall a victim of anxiety and humiliation that directly effects their grades in short terms and their self-respect in long terms. So as a whole, it could be concluded that English as international language decreases the problems of students who move to other countries for studies as they despite knowing the international language of that country can convey their ideas by using English that has become a source of communication for everyone.
Impacts of conclusion
This fact cannot be denied that whenever research is made, its impact could be seen as well. Likewise is the case with this study. Impacts of this conclusion are, there has been seen a great increase in the numbers of students how are learning the English language. Another impact of the conclusion is that teachers and administration are paying more attention towards the students who face any difficulties in communicating their ideas because of language barriers and are being trained so that they could learn the required language or English language in a possible shorter period.
Application
Application of this research is wide as it could be seen that this study could be applied for getting the feedback of teachers and administration that how important is English for learning new things when language between the country/institution and students is not common. This study could be applied in health care and nursing, academics and other areas as well because communication is something that is needed everywhere.
Learning/applicability
Applicability of this research could be seen almost in all fields of life. Health care, arts and all other fields show that English being the international language has become the need of the hour and all the students who are interested in international studies must learn the English language so that communication barrier could be eliminated or minimized. This study could be applied in a class setting and all other areas where people across the globe gather for sharing and having new experiences. This research could be also applied for knowing the weak areas of an international students. It could be also applied for boosting up the confidence of students and for creating awareness about various cultures in them.
Issues for future research
Research that has been conducted in the present studies, highlights the social as well as academic experience of ESL students. However one of the gaps that could be easily observed is that this research represents work that has been done for a classroom setting or district from where data has been collected but it becomes difficult to generalize this study for whole education field. Another issue that may arise for future studies is that if there arise some other languages as international languages so it would become difficult for students and researchers to choose a specific language as international language as may be in one country one language would be acceptable and in another country some other language (other than English) would be considered most prestigious international language.
Methods for the dissemination of findings in research
Common methods of dissemination of the facts and finding of the research could be, including the findings in specific subjects that would be having the inclusion in international studies and language. Another method that is more appropriate as per the present time is that message about the findings of research should be communicated on social, electronic and print media. Communication is the most important thing for transferring ideas and thoughts so communication cannot be overlooked anywhere. Conferences should be arranged and professionals should write journals for communicating the finding of the research.
References
Gatwiri, G., 2015. The influence of language difficulties on the wellbeing of international students An interpretive phenomenological analysis.Inquiries Journal,7(05).
Loayza, R., 2017. Decreasing The Social Gap Between English Language Learners And Native Speakers Of English.
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