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Research Methods Of The Health Sciences-Case
Research Methods of the Health Sciences-Case
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Introduction
In the article, the author investigated the increasing burden of chronic illness, self care and some of the hierarchy which exist in the modern partnership in solving the chronic illness in the society. The study states that the importance of self care changed from patriarchal and hierarchical model to partnership. It also illustrates the essential of primary care provider (PCPs) in providing support for patients in self management programs. It further explores the level at which PCPs beliefs in the importance of patient role in regard to the way in which the engagement occur.
Research questions
In order to conduct proper investigation the author set a clear question for to participants to answer. Therefore, the research question “Does the providers beliefs about the importance of the patient role and the way those beliefs are linked to the reporting behavior in clinical encounters. It investigate if clinician beliefs motivates the behaviors obtain in greater or less patient activation, which could be a point of leverage in creating changes, which can help in improving the outcome of care.
Variable examined in the study
In this, there are two variables used to analyze and illustrate the data and the study. The independent and dependent variables are used to present the data. The independent variables are used to measure clinicians support in for patient activation. In this case, the PCPs provide answers in four scale level, where 1 is important and 4 is extremely importance. It is obtained that CS-PAM showed high reliability and therefore, clinicians’ beliefs is importance for the treatment of chronic illness in the society. However, dependent variables are used to engage the chronic illness management support behavior. In this case, the seven (7) items adapted from Patient Assessment for Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) were designed ant set to measure the degree of belief, activation and care provided to self care patients. The dependent variable was designed to be the average amount or level of change obtains in patient activation score, which a PCP’s patient panel obtains over the last one year. In the study, patient panel is the term, which was used to refer to the patients who have been seen by a provider in the last one year. Since Fairview does collect patients’ data more often, the outcome of the study measure was derived based on the electronic medical records. But the patients’ activation scores were not obtained from the same data source, where the clinicians’ survey was obtained.
Study design used in the study
In order to conduct an efficient investigation, the relationship between clinician support of patient activation (CS-PAM and the outcome such as clinician behavior in support of behavior change, to support patient self management and the actual change in patient activation measure scores (PAM), which happens among the PCP’s patient panel. However, the survey was used to collect relevant data regarding CS-PAM. The analysis of the data focused on various aspects to provide accurate result. The primary analysis focused on the relationship between clinician behavior and CS-PAM and the secondary analysis explore the relationship, which exist between changes in patient activation and CS-PAM.
However, the high positive PCP scores are obtained from senior citizens aged 60 years and above and have been working for the last 5 to 10 years. The result also indicates that nurse physician assistant have the highest score 71.8 followed by family practitioner at 66.0 and the least score was registered by nurse practitioners. Moreover, among the participants female patients registered the higher scores on PCP at 68.2. Based on the result obtained regarding PCP and participants, it is evident that physician assistants have the highest belief in the treatment measurement being offered to address chronic illness in the society. Among the working class in the society, the result indicates that people who have worked for 5 to 10 years have high scores in regard in PCP CITATION Alv16 \l 1033 (Alvarez, Greene, Hibbard, & Overton, 2016).
Importance statistical result
It is pointed that 226 PCPs were invited to take part in the survey and only 181 completed the survey and therefore, the response rate is 68%. The sample size was n=64 and 60% were female of under 50 years of age. It is also indicated that 56% of the participants were family physicians and the 44% of participants had worked at Fairview. The result show that one-third of the PCPs obtained a CS-Pam score of below 58.6, which is the a third of the scores. It is also indicated that providers from the lowest tercile are least likely to show any positive belief on the importance of patient knowledge and any kind of involvement in care. However, when compared to individuals in the middle and highest tercile the lowest tercile had lowest score in belief of the importance. It is also obtained that female PCPs managed to get the CS-PAM score of only 5 points higher which is p<0.5 on average compared to male PCPs. The result also indicates that there is no other provider features could be associated with CS-PAM scores. The analyzed data indicates the difference which exists in the way individuals believe in PCPs and the importance of their beliefs to the provision of treatment to chronic illness.
The difference in p-value illustrates different aspect of hypothesis. In this cases, the p-value is greater than 0.05 (p-value <0.05), which means that the significant differences cannot be concluded. It is therefore, means that the result is not significant and therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted and therefore, there s differences which exist between importances of PCP belief among difference the key stakeholders CITATION GBo05 \l 1033 (Bohm, 2005).
Limitation of the study
The study was conducted using report behavior not the actual behavior and therefore, the accuracy of the data can be questioned. The volume of data used to complete the study was also limited since only 226 participants were invited and only 188 people completed the study. This therefore, limits the scope of the study and provides only limited results. However future studies require a lot of data to get accurate result. The data is also obtained from a single healthcare organization and therefore, this limits the scope of the study. The findings also is based on a cross sectional analysis, which limits the understanding of the temporary behavior and beliefs. It is difficult to confirm a cross sectional survey data.
Conclusion
The finding of the study indicates that the role of PCP can used to increase patient engagement in the care system. The findings also shows high degree of variation which exist among PCPs in regard to their beliefs and behavior towards the provision of support self management patients. It is also obtained that the types of variation which exist in the primary care depend on the activation within patients’ panel.
References
BIBLIOGRAPHY Alvarez, C., Greene, J., Hibbard, J., & Overton, V. (2016). The role of primary care providers in patient activation and engagement in self-management: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Health Services Research , 12 (3), 12-38.
Bohm, G. (2005). Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis for health care analysis. International Journal of science , 2-34.
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