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Mauritania is a poor country like most of the African countries. Just about 0.2% of the land of Mauritania is suitable for farming. The rest of the area is desert. Draughts in 70s and 80s have forced many of these people into urban areas. However, Mauritania is rich in natural resources. The railway was built for the sole purpose of transporting its iron ores. Families that live along the railway line mostly depends on merchants for their basic survival. Most people depends upon this railway line as they buy fishes in Nouadhibou. This is because the Sahara deserts is one of the driest places in the entire world but Mauritania coastal waters are filled with fishes and sell it 650 km away at Zouerat. It is their only connection to the outside world. Merchants usually travel 30 hrs. to sell fishes and other items of daily life usage. Usually after two days of rest many merchants starts their journey again. The temperature at day time can even exceed 40C and also death from falling from the rooftops are common
The Railway line which was opened in 1963, consists of a single 704km railway line linking the mountainous region of Zouerat with the port of Nouadhibou. The country contains abundance of Iron ores which is the country half of exports. Each train contains approximately 17,000 tons of iron ore which is sufficient enough to build an Eifel tower. However, iron isn’t the only subject of transport. This beast of a train typically carries Passenger cars which are sometimes attached to the train but most often merchants who travel through these trains will ride atop of hopper cars. Since, Iron ores are the main export of the country and half of the country’s economy depends upon this railway line, the dependence of peoples survival on the train is even more important. Since it is a single line railway so if anything happened to it the whole country will suffer huge losses.
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