Environmental Case study
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Introduction
This study analyzes various case studies and relates them to various topics. The paper focuses on Deschutes River Conservation, Mekong Delta, Vietnam and Maine Lobster Fishery. The paper also looks at the role of each conservatives and whether and whether they have meant their mandates. In order to establish the effectiveness the paper analyses these case studies, based on clearly defined boundaries, proportional equivalence between benefits and costs. It also analyzes at the collective – choice arrangements, and how each project is being monitor and whether the case studies have mentioned monitoring and evaluation methods applied in each case. In order to address the issues, the each case study was evaluated based on the data provided to establish whether it the application of defined terms.
Clearly defined boundaries
The boundaries can be defined as the rules or limits, which provide guidelines. It can also be referred as demarcations between places or locations. For instance, the boundaries provide protection for a certain unit, region, household and a country. It mostly applied to protect resources of a unit from being accessed by unauthorized persons. Therefore, understanding boundaries help in maintaining healthy relationship and therefore, it is an essential aspect in having a peaceful society.
Proportional equivalence between benefits and costs
The proportional equivalent between benefit and costs is the fractions of benefits obtained based on the cost. This states the quality of two ratios and that is the benefit against the cost. In industrial aspect, it focuses on the benefits, which a company gets based on the cost of production. However, the environment aspect focuses on the benefit of the conservation of the environment against the cost. It can therefore, be stated that proportional equivalent between the benefits and costs is the comparison of quality, ratio, or fraction obtained based on the cost.
Collective-choice arrangements
The collective choice arrangement is regarded as the use of pool of resources and therefore, it allows most organizational resources to be used appropriately in the decision making process. It can also be defined as a group of people with common interest to pursue a specific goal. And therefore, they can divide responsibilities and work hard to accomplish them.
Monitoring
Monitoring is a system applied in collecting, analysis and process data to determine success of a project. It is done to ensure that a project is in the right direction to meet its main objectives. The monitoring help in ensuring that the performance and maintained and the project is heading in the right direction. It is therefore, achieved by regular collection of essential data for analysis.
Graduated sanctions
It is refer to the continuum of the disposition option. It is normally used to control offenders. However, graduated sanctions are also integrated strategies, which are designed to operate in unison for the purpose of enhancing accountability. Therefore, it is important to ensure that accountability is achieved for the success of a project. Graduate sanctions are important because accountability is part of a project and therefore, it should be included in the project development.
Conflict-resolution mechanisms
Conflict resolution mechanisms are the process of technique resolving conflict in the society or between groups. It is also refer as dispute resolution, which are used to establish peace between people, organizations and in the country.
Minimal recognition of rights to organize
It is referred as the rights of an institution to or appropriator to device their own institution are not supposed to be challengeable by any external government authorities. It means that the resource users should be able to design their own rules or policies, which are applied to protect the institution from any external attack.
Nested enterprises
It is usually organized in layers for easy implementation. The Nested enterprises are larger CPRs, which are organized in the form of several layers of nested enterprises, with some small local CPRs situation at the base level.
Part 2
Lobster Fishery – Boundaries
Clear define Boundaries
CONDITION MET: Maine Lobster Fishery is one of the conservation which has applied several rules and regulations to ensure that it meets its objectives. It is noted that it has rest out several rules, which guides its operations and the usage of resources under its jurisdiction. The boundaries include the usage rights and prevention of misuse of waters. It has established rules and regulation for the usage of irrigation and households. Based on the analysis of the case study, Deschutes River Conservancy has therefore, met the condition set and it has enough elaborate rules and policies, which have helped to conserve its natural resources for decades. Without these policies, the organization would have not achieved the milestone it has obtained. The achievement is a clear indication of the effectiveness of its boundaries.
Proportional equivalence between benefits and costs
CONDITION MET: Maine Lobster Fishery has used a lot of resources for the conservation of the river and the basin, which is under its authority. The conservation has helped in increasing the level of water and therefore, increase the irrigation area as well., This has resulted into high income from the irrigation, water for household usages and other wild animals usage, In general the result of conservation of water in the region has helped the state and the communities to get fresh water for domestic use and also for irrigation top produce fresh vegetables. The analysis of the case studies indicates that an estimated 15% of residents depend on the Maine Lobster Fishery river and the basin. This is a bring number and therefore, it shows benefits, which have been obtained over the last as result of conversation.
However, for the Maine Lobster Fishery to achieve the milestone benefits there are several cots which must be incurred. First, the conservation of stated decades ago, and it has taken years for the people to get benefits. It also requires a lot of financial needs for the objectives and goals to be achieved. It is estimated that over the last decade, Maine Lobster Fishery has spend over $2 billion to conserve the natural resources including rivers and basins which are under its authorities. The stakeholders have worked together to form alliances with other institution with similar objectives and therefore, it has been a long journey a cost which is worth it.
Comparatively, the benefit is much higher due to the fact that almost the entire community of Oregon depends on the river for quality and clean water for domestic use. The financial value has not been approximated by it can be billions and much higher than water has been spend or the cost of conservation. It is therefore, importance to point that conservation of Maine Lobster Fishery River and basins have been to a great benefit to the community, industries, and even to the animals both domestic and wild. It has also resulted o fresh water, less pollution in the region and conservationists people, which have been of more benefit than even the financial aspect. It is because though the collaboration with training institutions and trainers it has establish people who are champion the course and this has created a good impact.
3. Collective-choice arrangements.
CONDITION MET: Maine Lobster Fishery has a clear road map and strategies applied in solving issues surrounding the use of fisheries, rivers and other natural resources. It works with other stakeholders to solve the problems it faces within its jurisdiction. It has partner with the local government, corporations and the local communities so that it can be able to achieve its core goals. It also has a partnership agreement with NGOs and other interested local leaders who are working together with local young people. This is meant to offer training services on fisheries and environmental conservation. And therefore, it has helped it in achieving its core goals over the years.
Monitoring
CONDITION MET: Maine Lobster Fishery has invested in a lot of infrastructure to facilitate the access to the facility. Besides it has also involved several activities using volunteers to sensitize people on the essential of highlighting the people on the fisheries and the conservatives’ techniques. The monitoring is also done based on the result of the actions, which have been taken over the last years.
Graduated sanctions
NEED MORE INFORMATION: There is nothing I found related to graduated sanctions. It does not have any real plan to enforce its goals of the project. It would be good to have elaborate plans, which include action plan and clear implementation structure. However, more detailed structure plan is required for it to meet the definition of graduated sanctions, which is required for an organization to be able to meet its cores.
6. Conflict-resolution mechanisms.
CONDITION MET: The entire case study does not have any specific information about how the Lobster Fishery had resolved conflict people inform in fisheries conflicts. Lobster Fishery has brought several groups together and resolves problems among people and therefore, there is a clear plan how the conflict is addressed based on the organization plan. It create an environment where stakeholders can come together to solve various conflicts, which can undermine their course of action.
Minimal recognition of rights to organize
CONDITION MET: Lobster Fishery has clear defined laws, policies and regulations regarding the fisheries. It is also defined how every resources should be use optimally to help in the development of fisheries in the country. It states that the stakeholders have the right to utilize the available resources for the development of fisheries and the management as well.
Nested enterprises
Condition MET: Lobster Fishery has established clear structure of operations, which are essential for realization of the key goals. It has a defined operational platform, which are helpful in realizing the objectives. It operates in layers which are structural defined.
The Deschutes River conservation is based on Oregon and therefore, the conservation is meant to control the flow of streams and the usage of resources of the river. The Deschutes River Conservancy controls the quality of water at Deschutes basin. The Deschutes basin is located in Oregon, 700 NW Hill Street, Suite 1 Bend, OR 97703 and it borders several natural resources including forest, streets and a community. Deschutes river conservation has had several boundaries, which regulates the use of the river and basin by the households, animals, and irrigation. However, the right to make major decisions regarding the usage of the river is done by the directors. However, it puts limits on the irrigation scheme and how it is utilized by the local farmers. It also regulates the disposal and the household usage of its waters. It limits the use of water for irrigation purpose and according to its rules and regulation; the waters from the river are not allowed to be used for commercial. This was done to reduce the disposal and contamination of the river.
Combining biodiversity conservation with poverty alleviation – a case study in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam (25 pts)
Clearly defined boundaries
Condition Met: It has clear defined boundaries to safeguard the natural resources within its territories. It has boundaries of resources forest resources, water and wild life. It defines the individual rights of usage of its natural resources to protect the misuse of forest and other resources, within its region. The study investigate various techniques which can be applied to solve the problems related to forest degradation and other human misuse and also provide clear solutions to the problems.
Proportional Equivalence between benefits and costs
Need More Information. The information provided is very inefficient and therefore, cannot be used to provide elaborate information regarding cost and benefits. The proportional equivalence between the benefits and cost provide a clear comparison between the cost and benefits, which have been realized by the Mekong Delta Vietnam. The conservation has resulted to income from the rivers, lakes which are benefiting from the Mekong Delta. This has helped in poverty reduction which had been a major problem in the region. The cost incurred includes the finances used and the time taken for the positive result to be realized. However, the study would have started the economic benefit like the finance income, which has been realized as result of the conservation. It ought to have contained clearly benefits and cost for the proportional equivalence between benefits and costs.
Collective – choice arrangements
CONDITION MET: It is located in the Mekong Delta, in the ha Tien Plain geological region, it has formulated laws and regulations, which are used as a guideline for the usage of its grassland, forest and other natural resources within its territory. Over the last, its grasslands have been overused and since it started the conservation a changed has been realized and this means that the internal rules and policies are effective. The waters, grassland and forest are being conserved using grassland rights and strict cutting of trees and other plants within its jurisdiction. This has been helping since positive result has been witnessed as a result of reduction of poverty level in the region around the forest.
Its project include the outreach of the community, government officials and local and international NGOs, which have worked closely with them closely to help in the realization of the objectives. The partnership with government official and law enforcement was a key strategy to help in the prevention of cutting down of forest and the grassland.
In conclusion, the Deschutes River conservation is based on Oregon and therefore, the conservation is meant to control the flow of streams and the usage of resources of the river. The Deschutes River Conservancy controls the quality of water at Deschutes basin. The Deschutes basin is located in Oregon, 700 NW Hill Street, Suite 1 Bend, OR 97703 and it borders several natural resources including forest, streets and a community. Deschutes river conservation has had several boundaries, which regulates the use of the river and basin by the households, animals, and irrigation. However, the right to make major decisions regarding the usage of the river is done by the directors. However, it puts limits on the irrigation scheme and how it is utilized by the local farmers. It also regulates the disposal and the household usage of its waters. It limits the use of water for irrigation purpose and according to its rules and regulation; the waters from the river are not allowed to be used for commercial. This was done to reduce the disposal and contamination of the river.
References
BIBLIOGRAPHY Deschutes River Conservancy. (2014). Middle Deschutes River Instream Flow Restoration and Temperature Responses 2001-2013. Upper Deschutes Watershed Council Technical Report , 2-38.
Wilson, D. S., Ostrom, E., & Cox, M. E. (2013). Generalizing the core design principles for the efficacy of groups. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization , 2-35.
