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Discussion
The graph explains the statistics of child mortality rates from 1800 to 2015. There has been significant decline in the child mortality rates between this period. Over 40% of the children died before 5 years of age in 1800s while the rates increased slightly in 1850s. By 1900 the rates of mortality was 40% that declined further to 20% in 1950s. most dramatic differences are noted between the period of 1970s to 2000 as the rates declined from 18% to 10%. A further decline is observed from 2000 to 2015 with the final mortality rate of 5%. Since 1950s there has been constant decline in the mortality rates. The relationship between improved health status is negative with child mortality rate. This indicates that improvements in health leads to reduction of mortality.
Several factors contribute to the decline in morality including such as pneumonia, tuberculosis and influenza remained prominent causes of death until 1900s. While these diseases were controlled by development of different vaccinations. In 1960s the deaths in children were due to gestation commonly known as low birth. The mortality rates declined further in at the end of 1999 due to development of different vaccines and different food supplements. The standards of care improved significantly after 2000 that helped the hospitals to control child death rates. Due to advancements in medicine and technology many children survived chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular problems CITATION Mar031 \l 1033 (Field & Behrman, 2003).
The changes in the pattern of mortality rates indicates that children who were unable to survive with complex conditions were able to live more years due to enhancement in the healthcare services. Similarly palliative care and hospice services also played significant role in controlling mortality rates and improving life expectancy.
Reference
BIBLIOGRAPHY Field, M. J., & Behrman, R. E. (2003). Improving Palliative and End-of-Life Care for Children and Their Families. National Academies Press .
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