Evidence Development

Evidence Development

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of the Institution]

Evidence Development

Introduction

The research is related to juvenile delinquency and imprisonment and its relationship with the community. This research topic is of mere importance to the entire world, as it is an evolving global issue. The juvenile justice system has evolved from over time, so did the system of prosecution and sentencing. Many laws and rights have been passed by the legislature. This topic will cover the overall aspect of juvenile imprisonment or sentencing and its effect on the community. The perception of a community varies from person to person and people hold a differing opinion regarding this issue (Petrosino, Turpin-Petrosino, & Guckenburg, 2017). This topic is significantly focusing on the viewpoint of the society regarding juvenile sentencing in criminal justice. Following are the two research questions related to this research:

‘What is the significance of juvenile imprisonment to the community?’ or

‘The effect of juvenile imprisonment on the community.’

These two questions have the same purpose of findings; however, the research method or design will differ accordingly.

Defining Variables

The first variable is juvenile imprisonment and second is the community, juvenile imprisonment is the independent variable and community is the dependent variable. The effect of juvenile imprisonment on the community will be inferred by the results of this research. The time span of imprisonment will be noted in this research, i.e., 1 month to 5 years, along with the age and gender of the juvenile. The second variable will be measured by assessing the opinions of the community, their emotional response and working regarding this issue. The bias and stereotypes prevailing in society regarding the issue of juvenile imprisonment can be measured by using the qualitative and quantitative method of testing and analysis. The constructs like these can be assessed by using the technique of survey, questionnaires, and interviews.

A variable is measured in research on the bases of its category, i.e., either it is nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio variable. The variables which are measurable are measured on the scale of quantitative measures, i.e., interval, ratio, and ordinal variables. Which in this research paper is age, gender and time of imprisonment of the juvenile. The nominal is a qualitative variable which is immeasurable, and in this research, it is the emotions of community attached to the imprisonment of the juvenile. The prevalence of anxiety or depression will be measured as a response of the community to the juvenile sentencing.

Research Methodology

Research Design

The research design regarding the first research question is the descriptive style of research which includes the observational methods and surveys. The second research question is the research question of causal or cause and effect research design. This type of research design focuses on the relationship between the two variables. As the second research question will be used in the entire research paper, therefore, this methodology will be used in the research regarding the imprisonment of juveniles in the jail, and its effect on the community. The cause and effect in the community of this variable will help in determining the main reason behind this imprisonment and what a community fails to do to save the juvenile delinquents from forming and imprisoning. This research design is advantageous for investigating the effect of one variable on the other. This is also useful in predicting the future prevalence of the issues which may occur with regard to the community. The causal research design is significantly evidence-based, and it is determinant in predicting the reason for the occurrence of the relationship between the two selected variables. Therefore, this research design will accurately calculate all the observational, treatment and time span related to the studies held in relation to this topic. This topic is significantly focusing on the viewpoint of the society regarding juvenile sentencing in criminal justice.

Participant Selection: Process and Characteristics

The selection of participants takes place on the random bases so that bias may not occur in the research outcomes. Therefore, a systemized and randomized trial of sampling from a potential or target population will be taken in this research. For instance, among the population of juveniles, the one with criminal record and charges will have opted for this research so that the time of imprisonment could be noted (Ledford & Gast, 2018). The second main factor is sample size and characteristics. The sampling should be equally representing both genders and there should be no biases regarding societal stereotypes and prejudice. The sample should be selected on the bases of generalisability, to extend that finding is generally applicable to a majority of the target population. The selection procedure will be kept simple and unbiased in order to represent the sample as the majority of the target population. The sample should not so small or so large, it should be optimum.

Ethical Considerations

The research requires certain ethical considerations as follows:

No Harm

Voluntarily participating individuals

Consent was taken before research

Anonymous identity

Assessing the relevant components

Privacy and confidentiality

These measures are important to consider while researching a topic using qualitative research methods. The sample of a population is the subject to the study and its protection is the duty of researchers, and if any harm occurs it is penalized (Walliman, 2017).

Data Collection Process

It is the procedure of collecting all the information for relevant sources for finding out the answers to the research or hypothetical questions and evaluating the research outcomes. The data collection occurs through two sources; primary and secondary. The secondary sources are a newspaper, journals, books, magazines, and online portal, etc. this type of source increases the validity and reliability of research. The other type is of primary sources which come directly through research; qualitative and quantitative (Kumar, 2019). It is the process of collecting and measuring the information on the relevant variables involves the mistakes and errors in data items of the individuals, systematic errors, fraud and violation of protocols. The data collection requires answering the accurate research questions, the repetition, and validation of study. The distortion of findings of collected data wastes the resources.

Protection of Human Subjects

The protection of human subjects requires the rules and processes in research which does not harm the subject under a study. According to the Institute of review board (IRB), the ethical consideration includes not using a human as just a subject but also inferring the opinion regarding the research, and protection against any harm (Torous, & Nebeker, 2017). It also includes the informed consent and privacy and confidentiality of the human used as the subject in the study. All type of measures before doing research on a participant should be considered, which gives no unbound ram to the participant.

Study Timeline

The timeline for conducting research is sorted into three phases

Researching and reading stage

Sorting and marking research

Writing and formatting

So study time from the review of IRB to the accomplishing the collection of data it will come under the sorting and marking phase so it will need approximately the time of about 2-3 weeks for thesis or else it takes less time for a short paper or a research paper of up to 10 pages. It will take on or two weeks for collecting and analyzing the data, as this is the most crucial and extensive part of the research methodology. Then inferring results on the bases of these findings is another procedure.

References

Kumar, R. (2019). Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage Publications Limited.

Ledford, J. R., & Gast, D. L. (2018). Single case research methodology: Applications in special education and behavioral sciences. Routledge.

Torous, J., & Nebeker, C. (2017). Navigating ethics in the digital age: introducing Connected and Open Research Ethics (CORE), a tool for researchers and institutional review boards. Journal of medical Internet research, 19(2), e38.

Petrosino, A., Turpin-Petrosino, C., & Guckenburg, S. (2017). The impact of juvenile system processing on delinquency. In Labeling Theory (pp. 113-147). Routledge.

Walliman, N. (2017). Research methods: The basics. Routledge.