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CRIMINAL JUSTICE TRENDS
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The criminal justice system is divided into three major components which are the law enforcement system, the court system and finally, the correction system. Each of these criminal justice components has different ways in which they focus on the law and use the same law to deal with criminals in their criminal activities. The law enforcement system is the component that has the responsibility to maintain law, check on crime by investigations and finally arresting the people responsible for the specific crime that has been committed. Individuals involved in the court system, are there to ensure that the accused or arrested individuals rights are upheld by giving him or her a fair hearing. In this component, there is the involvement of the prosecutors, judges, lawyers and jury members. Finally, the correction system is where once and the accused person is found guilty of the charges leveled against him or her on the court system. They ensure that the sentence given by the courts is properly served and the convicts are properly supervised by the individuals responsible in this system. In this paper am going to focus on the law enforcement component which is responsible for investigations ad arrests (Koppal et al 2014).
The law enforcement system has several individuals who manage it because it deals with many people across the country. These individuals include the patrol officers, the federal agents, the rangers, detectives and finally the sheriffs. These system units commonly referred to as taskforces which ensure that law and justice are upheld. Lets take an example of Americas law enforcement system which has the FBI, CIA, DEA and finally the police force that works together to ensure law and order in the country. In the past, the law enforcement component has been facing different and several challenges that an increase in crime in different cities, corruption, problems with immigration, and poor budget to the department that makes the officers involved have minimal interest in ensuring that law and order are maintained (Collins 2010, pg. 225). In the past also there has been a problem of hostile abuse and attacks to the individuals in the law enforcement component which sometimes end to be racist that have at lost times made the individuals fear to uphold the law to the latter.
From these past trends, the law enforcement component has been emerging at a rapid pace to deal with the challenges that they have been facing in the past. Though as the years keep moving, new threats to keep emerging. Though the components have come up with professional ways to respond to the challenges they are facing that is by improving their leadership, technology, policy, and culture (Collins 2010, pg. 228). In the current state, the agencies in the law enforcement system are trying to use new levels of transparency that were not used in the past. They are also adopting newly drafted policies that would help improve the police and community relations. They have also enabled the development of new technologies that could help the individuals in this component do their jobs correctly and accurately. And finally, they have trained their personnel to have a good understanding of the relation between education and law enforcement. There are also other improvements that the law enforcement system is trying to hand to ensure that the community and police relationship are good and the law is still upheld fully. This has been enabled by the individuals in the law enforcement component who have tried to try out policies that would help them out in the future.
These policies include focusing on the community orientation, this is being enabled by having good communication skills. Having good and tolerant interactions with the people in the country is by knowing their challenges and trying to solve them. Training their personnel to have a better understanding of the administration of the criminal and justice system. They also have a good understanding of the civil rights issues and finally, they have advised their personnel not to use deadly force when dealing with the citizens (Joyce 1993, pg. 5). Secondly, there is increasing use of modern technology and its tools which are social media, body camera, facial recognition, predictive policing, GPS application, robots and finally the use of drones. Thirdly, there is an expansion of opportunities for women in the law enforcement department. These have been made possible to solve the gender balancing puzzle that has been a problem in many regions in the world. The numbers of the police in the force have kept on increasing that is from 3 way back in 1970 to 11.6 currently (Joyce 1993, pg. 7). This trend keeps improving more as the years keep moving. The quick-growing threat of cybercrime is another trend that is being dealt with. From a recent survey, it was found out that in the year 2016 a total of 1.3 billion was lost in the United States just through cybercrimes. Finally, there is the promotion of the new generation into good leadership roles to improve and increase responsibility.
Starting with the law enforcement component, the budgetary allocation needs to be improved based on the trends that the enforcement is trying to pursue for the future. The United States spends a total of 100 billion annually on policing and a further value of 80 billion on incarceration. Research has shown that if this value is added by at least 4 annually in the next decade, the United States law enforcement will be close to perfect in handling crime. And the crime rate will reduce by 40 if this is implemented. This would ensure more officers and experts are employed to frequently check the systems and others who would ensure that law and order are kept. On the managerial impacts of the future trends of the law enforcement component, there should be an addition of the ranks of the officers, increasing the number of stations in different states and finally training the personnel appropriately to know how to relate with the community people so that they can know the challenges they are facing and help them solve them appropriately (Joyce 1993, pg. 9). All this goes back to the annual increment of the budget that is allocated to this component of the state.
Currently, the court or the judicial system is usually allocated 7.1 billion in the United States annually and an addition of 2.7 that is increased annually for funding. Research has shown that if this budget is increased by about 3 annually the judicial or the court systems would work effectively in the coming decade. This is because the current budgetary allocation to the court system, cannot sustain the number of cases that are usually presented in the courts. To pay the judges and the jury deciding the matter to employ several state prosecutors and attorneys. Though when it is increased it will help the management to the court system to build new courtrooms that would enable the cases to be hard on a faster rate (Muncie 2001, pg. 305). They would be able to employ more judges and prosecutors for a case. This would finally make justice to be delivered quickly instead of adjourning these cases for so long. On the managerial part of the court system. The stakeholders should state boundaries to avoid political interference when determining different cases that need to be determined. This would give the courts independence need in the administration to justice to all. The courts should also increase the number of judges to ensure that cases are had and solve quickly to avoid the delay of justice.
Reports show that the United States spends approximately more than 80 billion annually for the correctional system department. Research has shown that if this amount is increased by 1 annually, the correctional systems and facilities would be good to receive convicts and monitor them during their sentencing period. The correctional component in the government system is put in place to instill good morals to convicts by isolating them from the rest of the community. To make these convicts feel that they are still needed and appreciated, there is a need to increase the budget that is always allocated to them. This would ensure that proper facilities are made for them to give them a conducive environment in the prisons during their stay there. It would also ensure that expert and experienced officers are deployed to these facilities that would help them during their stay in the prisons. In terms of management, there should be an addition to other prison facilities that would ensure that there is reduced congestion in certain facilities and also increase the number of officers who would manage them. There should also be the installation of security cameras in the cells to monitor what each prisoner does all the time. This would ensure that the correction is appropriately made (Muncie 2001, pg. 311).
References
Schmalleger, F., Donaldson, S., Kashiwahara, K., Koppal, T., Chase, S., Brown, A., ... Marash, D. (2014).Criminal justice today. Prentice Hall. Components of the criminal justice system. Retrieved from https//criminaljusticeprograms.com/article/three-components-of-criminal-justice/
Malik, A., Maciejewski, R., Collins, T. F., Ebert, D. S. (2010, November). Visual analytics law enforcement toolkit. In2010 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST)(pp. 222-228). IEEE. Retrieved from https//onlinedegrees.sandiego.edu/top-5-trends-in-law-enforcement/
Joyce, P. G. (1993). Using performance measures for federal budgeting Proposals and prospects.Public Budgeting Finance,13(4), 3-17. Retrieved from https//leb.fbi.gov/articles/featured-articles/law-enforcement-organizations-possibility-and-challenges-in-future/
McLaughlin, E., Muncie, J., Hughes, G. (2001). The permanent revolution New Labour, new public management and the modernization of criminal justice.Criminal Justice,1(3), 301-318. Retrieved from https//ed.gov/news/press-release/report-increases-spending-correction-far-outspace-education/
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