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Literature Review
Introduction
Today tourism is a major source of income for many countries around the globe. World trade organization says that 806.8 million people have visited western countries in the year 2005 and they have spent 682.7 billion dollars on traveling. This data shows that tourism is worlds number one export earner ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION citationIDcVBV0GEf,propertiesformattedCitation(Kaplan and Celik, 2008),plainCitation(Kaplan and Celik, 2008),noteIndex0,citationItemsid260,urishttp//zotero.org/users/local/LY9XXHSK/items/P7LBJQDH,urihttp//zotero.org/users/local/LY9XXHSK/items/P7LBJQDH,itemDataid260,typearticle-journal,titleThe impact of tourism on economic performance The case of Turkey. The International Journal of Applied Economics and Finance.,page13-18.,authorfamilyKaplan,givenM.,familyCelik,givenT,issueddate-parts2008,schemahttps//github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json (Kaplan and Celik, 2008,p.13). Like most of the western countries tourism has been a major source of transformation for the society of Ireland. The cultural and social life of the people of Ireland has changed drastically due to terrorism. Ireland is seemed to be dependent on terrorism for generating revenue and employment for its citizens. It has been seen recently that the number of terrorist from France that are visiting Ireland have been increased and it shows the importance of Ireland among its neighbor ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION citationIDScHqU03k,propertiesformattedCitation(Ouc0u8217Leary and Deegan, 2005),plainCitation(OLeary and Deegan, 2005),noteIndex0,citationItemsid259,urishttp//zotero.org/users/local/LY9XXHSK/items/RA9V5UEC,urihttp//zotero.org/users/local/LY9XXHSK/items/RA9V5UEC,itemDataid259,typearticle-journal,titleIrelands image as a tourism destination in France Attribute importance and performance,container-titleJournal of travel research,page247-256,volume43,issue3,authorfamilyOLeary,givenSinad,familyDeegan,givenJim,issueddate-parts2005,schemahttps//github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json (OLeary and Deegan, 2005,p.247).
Till a decade ago Irish tourism was in its peak but due to the recent global recessions that were implemented on international travel and the internal changes in the duration of holidays in Ireland effected its tourism. Tourism was the principle source of economy for Ireland and now this market is facing challenges. It has been argued by researcher that the recovery of this market will occur by focusing on overseas market like that of Britain, US, France and Germany. Ireland can get the wave of tourists by focusing on its affordable travel services and with the help of generating smart marketing skills. American and British visitors could be restored by changing the exchange rates. But the current situation needs urgent solution otherwise it will be very difficult to attract tourists ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION citationID38FlZIYk,propertiesformattedCitation(Confederation, 2010),plainCitation(Confederation, 2010),noteIndex0,citationItemsid262,urishttp//zotero.org/users/local/LY9XXHSK/items/TLVQJYR5,urihttp//zotero.org/users/local/LY9XXHSK/items/TLVQJYR5,itemDataid262,typebook,titleA Changed World for Irish Tourism Facing Up to the Challenges of Recovery,publisherDublin, Ireland,authorfamilyConfederation,givenIrish Tourist Industry,issueddate-parts2010,schemahttps//github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json (Confederation, 2010).
But these are not the only factors that will bring possible reforms in the tourism sector of Ireland. The aim of this research is find out the facts that will help to reshape the tourism of the country to make it indigenously inclusive. The scope of the literature is based on the published works related to tourism. Those materials will be covering tourism in Ireland in particular and tourism in the western society in general. The literature review will discuss the development of historical sites and the literary art of Ireland and their influence on the tourism of the country.
It will also find out that why not the musical industry is yet aligned with the promotion of tourism. Since 1960s the contribution of tourism in the economic development of Ireland was incredible. The number of Tourist increased tremendously in the period of 1985-2000. This was the time span when the number of tourist increased from two million to six million. In that time period the contribution of tourism in the economic development was huge and it got declined with the passage of time. The growth was in peak 1960s, 1970s and in the starting days of 1980s. But after 1980s it declined completely (Henry and Deane, 1997, p. 553).
But why tourism in Ireland declined. The Central Statist Office says that the number of visitors visiting Ireland has declined 1.1. The number of British visitors has declined by 3.8 this year. The reason is that the holidays in Ireland are more expensive for British people and the exchange rate is also creating problems for the visitors. The number of visitors from USA have been volatile n the number goes down very quickly. Ireland needs to maintain its good value in order to attract more tourists. The Irish tourism industry is also affected by the incident of Brexit. The numbers of employees left the department and are moving to respective countries before Brexit happens (Leslie, 2019, p.290). So Ireland needs to attract tourism by making the country less expensive for foreigners and by giving them a pleasant time during their holidays.
The impact of tourism on the economy of the Ireland
The latTourism boosts up the spending of domestic manufacturers. As the visitors spend more on the goods of domestic retailors or small business man and 6 of the total domestic consumption is done by tourists. The consumption boost up in the second hlf of 1990s and the injection of cash in the economy was in its peak. The state visitors spend huge amount in domestic economy, they spend on holidays and on trips, and most importantly they spend on residents. All of these spending add up to the gross national product of the country. The GNP increased three times in the period 1992-2001. The total contribution of this department on the GNP of the country is average 6.8. During the 1990 it supported in generating employment inside the country. It has also increased the balance of payment by I billion Irish pound in the year 1997 and the year 2001(Kneafsey, 1998, p.123).
As the discussion shows that the impact of tourism on the economy was tremendous but the country is lacking the number of visitors now. If the historical sites, the literary art and music of Ireland will be expended then it will help to attract tourists. Thus the country will be able to make this department indigenously inclusive.
The development of historical sites
Ireland has a very rich cultural makeup. The country has very beautiful sites and cultural heritages for people to visit. The culture of Ireland is very splendid and it has elements that are very special to foreigners. Cultural tourism in Ireland can be developed by developing the historical sites. Irelands Tourism product development is working on the development of historical sites along with the improvement of other cultural elements. 648 products in heritage and 185 products in historical sites will be developed to attract more tourists (n.n, 2002).
The expansion of tourism through literary art
The British holiday makers attracts tourist by making literary maps and in such a competitive market Ireland need to focus on creative ways to attract its visitors. The rise in literary tourism shows that countries are working on developing creative ways to attract tourists. Ireland needs to focus on generating destination brands, literary festivals and book shops need to be opened to attract authors from different nations. International literary theme to be developed to attract more and more international visitors (Hoppen, Brown, and Fyall, 2014, p.39). Another aspect of culture has not been aligned with tourism and if it will be aligned then major changes will be seen in the number of tourist.
The role of music industry in the promotion of tourism
The Irish music industry is declining in a very rapid rate and it is not aligned with tourism because it is not stable enough to attract visitors. The typology of music increase the influx of tourists and the lyrics, production places, performance in festivals and museums are the tools to let the tourist know about the country. Music industry can be used as a source of marketing to attract tourists (Gibson and Connell, 2007,p.160).
Conclusion
Ireland has been the hub of tourists till the end of 196Os but after that the country was unable to manage its visitors. There were issues with the exchange range and holiday arrangement which lessen down the number of visitors in the country from Britain and USA. But there are various other factors that will have attracted more tourists in the country. The cultural heritage, literary art and music could be helpful to increase the pool of tourists. There had been tremendous impact if tourism on the economy of the country but due to the above discussed phenomenon the number of tourists in Ireland are declining and it is showing a negative impact on the economy of the country. But the suggested factors if taken into consideration then tourism will have a positive impact on the economy of the country.
References
ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL uncited,omitted,custom CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Confederation, I.T.I., 2010. A Changed World for Irish Tourism Facing Up to the Challenges of Recovery. Dublin, Ireland.
Kaplan, M., Celik, T., 2008. The impact of tourism on economic performance The case of Turkey. The International Journal of Applied Economics and Finance. 13-18.
McManus, R., 1997. Heritage and Tourism in Ireland-an unholy alliance Ir. Geogr. 30, 9098.
OLeary, S., Deegan, J., 2005. Irelands image as a tourism destination in France Attribute importance and performance. J. Travel Res. 43, 247256.
Henry, E.W. and Deane, B., 1997. The contribution of tourism to the economy of Ireland in 1990 and 1995.Tourism Management,18(8), pp.535-553.
Kneafsey, M., 1998. Tourism and Place Identity A case-study in rural Ireland.Irish geography,31(2), pp.111-123.
Confederation, I.T.I., 2002. The Impact on Tourism on the Irish economy.The Need for a Future Development Strategy.
Hoppen, A., Brown, L. and Fyall, A., 2014. Literary tourism Opportunities and challenges for the marketing and branding of destinations.Journal of Destination Marketing Management,3(1), pp.37-47.
Gibson, C. and Connell, J., 2007. Music, tourism and the transformation of Memphis.Tourism Geographies,9(2), pp.160-190.
Literature Review PAGE 2
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