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Universal Precausions Of A Laboratory
Universal Precautions of a Laboratory
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Universal Precautions of a Laboratory
Universal precautions, especially in laboratories, are designed to protect all the workers from any mishap in the laboratory and also to protect the workers against any infectious disease which spread from blood and other body fluid. There are some universal precautions in a laboratory to protect us against any accident which are as follow:
Whenever working in a scientific laboratory and working with various scientific equipment, any hazardous material, glassware and also chemicals the user must make sure to wear glasses and also face shields or masks.
The chemicals that are used in the lab are mostly harmful they are either carcinogenic or they cause various skin problems, so in order to avoid that the user must make sure to wear gloves ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"kuxDDA6x","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(\\uc0\\u8220{}Universal Precautions,\\uc0\\u8221{} n.d.-a)","plainCitation":"(“Universal Precautions,” n.d.-a)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1219,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/4C6u8dIT/items/RVVKZGWV"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/4C6u8dIT/items/RVVKZGWV"],"itemData":{"id":1219,"type":"webpage","title":"Universal Precautions","URL":"https://www.osstf.on.ca/en-CA/services/health-safety/information-bulletins/universal-precautions.aspx","language":"en-CA","accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",3,30]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (“Universal Precautions,” n.d.-a).
Whenever performing an experiment in the lab it is very important to wear either a smock or lab coat ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"4dG5QPaV","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(\\uc0\\u8220{}Universal Precautions,\\uc0\\u8221{} n.d.-b)","plainCitation":"(“Universal Precautions,” n.d.-b)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1217,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/4C6u8dIT/items/VNRHEXBP"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/4C6u8dIT/items/VNRHEXBP"],"itemData":{"id":1217,"type":"webpage","title":"Universal Precautions","URL":"https://www.uth.edu/safety/chemical-safety/universal-precautions.htm","language":"en","accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",3,30]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (“Universal Precautions,” n.d.-b).
It is significant to wash hands before leaving the laboratory or eating something
Once an experiment is done it is important to wash hands with water or soap because if any traces are left on the hand they will be washed away ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"5E0cM5rd","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Sadoh, Fawole, Sadoh, Oladimeji, & Sotiloye, 2006)","plainCitation":"(Sadoh, Fawole, Sadoh, Oladimeji, & Sotiloye, 2006)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1214,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/4C6u8dIT/items/A3BFMK4W"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/4C6u8dIT/items/A3BFMK4W"],"itemData":{"id":1214,"type":"article-journal","title":"Practice of universal precautions among healthcare workers.","container-title":"Journal of the National Medical Association","page":"722-726","volume":"98","issue":"5","source":"PubMed Central","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are exposed to bloodborne infections by pathogens, such as HIV, and hepatitis B and C viruses, as they perform their clinical activities in the hospital. Compliance with universal precautions has been shown to reduce the risk of exposure to blood and body fluids. This study was aimed at assessing the observance of universal precautions by HCWs in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in September 2003 in Abeokuta metropolis, Ogun State, Nigeria. The respondents were doctors, trained and auxiliary nurses, laboratory scientists and domestic staff. They were selected through a multistage sampling technique from public and private healthcare facilities within the metropolis. The instrument was an interviewer-administered, semistructured questionnaire that assessed the practice of recapping and disposal of used needles, use of barrier equipment, handwashing and screening of transfused blood. RESULTS: There were 433 respondents, 211 (48.7%) of which were trained nurses. About a third of all respondents always recapped used needles. Compliance with nonrecapping of used needles was highest among trained nurses and worst with doctors. Less than two-thirds of respondents (63.8%) always used personal protective equipment, and more than half of all respondents (56.5%) had never worn goggles during deliveries and at surgeries. The provision of sharps containers and screening of transfused blood by the institutions studied was uniformly high. A high percentage (94.6%) of HCWs observed handwashing after handling patients. The use of barrier equipment was variable in the institutions studied. CONCLUSION: Recapping of used needles is prevalent in the health facilities studied. Noncompliance with universal precautions place Nigerian HCWs at significant health risks. Training programs and other relevant measures should be put in place to promote the appropriate use of protective barrier equipment by HCWs at all times.","ISSN":"0027-9684","note":"PMID: 16749647\nPMCID: PMC2569287","journalAbbreviation":"J Natl Med Assoc","author":[{"family":"Sadoh","given":"Wilson E."},{"family":"Fawole","given":"Adeniran O."},{"family":"Sadoh","given":"Ayebo E."},{"family":"Oladimeji","given":"Ayo O."},{"family":"Sotiloye","given":"Oladapo S."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2006",5]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Sadoh, Fawole, Sadoh, Oladimeji, & Sotiloye, 2006).
While handling any needles or any sharp objects in the lab never break, bow or even directly manipulate used needles. Recapping any of these used needles is not recommended, if recapping is necessary then it is recommended to use a one-handed scoop technique only. While discarding the harp objects it is recommended to use proper puncture-resistant containers ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"sVoxRRyf","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Broussard & Kahwaji, 2019)","plainCitation":"(Broussard & Kahwaji, 2019)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1211,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/4C6u8dIT/items/38UGYJ4P"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/4C6u8dIT/items/38UGYJ4P"],"itemData":{"id":1211,"type":"chapter","title":"Universal Precautions","container-title":"StatPearls","publisher":"StatPearls Publishing","publisher-place":"Treasure Island (FL)","source":"PubMed","event-place":"Treasure Island (FL)","abstract":"Universal precautions were introduced by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in 1985, mostly in response to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. Universal precautions are a standard set of guidelines aimed at preventing the transmission of bloodborne pathogens from exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials (OPIM). OPIM is defined by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) as: The following human body fluids: semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid, saliva in dental procedures, any body fluid that is visibly contaminated with blood, and all body fluids in situations where it is difficult or impossible to differentiate between body fluids; Any unfixed tissue or organ (other than intact skin) from a human (living or dead); and HIV-containing cell or tissue cultures, organ cultures, and HIV- or HBV-containing culture medium or other solutions; and blood, organs, or other tissues from experimental animals infected with HIV or HBV. Universal precautions do not apply to sputum, feces, sweat, vomit, tears, urine, or nasal secretions unless they are visibly contaminated with blood because their transmission of Hepatitis B or HIV is extremely low or non-existent. In 1987, the CDC introduced another set of guidelines termed Body Substance Isolation. These guidelines advocated the avoidance of direct physical contact with “all moist and potentially infectious body substances,” even if blood is not visible. A limitation of this guideline was that it emphasized handwashing after removal of gloves only if the hands were visibly soiled. In 1996, the CDC Guideline for Isolation Precautions in Hospitals, prepared by the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC), combined the major features for Universal Precaution and Body Substance Isolation into what is now referred to as Standard Precautions. These guidelines also introduced three transmission-based precautions: airborne, droplet, and contact. All transmission-based precautions are to be used in conjunction with standard precautions.","URL":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470223/","call-number":"NBK470223","note":"PMID: 29262198","language":"eng","author":[{"family":"Broussard","given":"Ian M."},{"family":"Kahwaji","given":"Chadi I."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2019"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",3,30]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Broussard & Kahwaji, 2019)
References
ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Broussard, I. M., & Kahwaji, C. I. (2019). Universal Precautions. In StatPearls. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470223/
Sadoh, W. E., Fawole, A. O., Sadoh, A. E., Oladimeji, A. O., & Sotiloye, O. S. (2006). The practice of universal precautions among healthcare workers. Journal of the National Medical Association, 98(5), 722–726.
Universal Precautions. (n.d.-a). Retrieved March 30, 2019, from https://www.osstf.on.ca/en-CA/services/health-safety/information-bulletins/universal-precautions.aspx
Universal Precautions. (n.d.-b). Retrieved March 30, 2019, from https://www.uth.edu/safety/chemical-safety/universal-precautions.htm
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