PSY Of Exeptional Children, Assigment 4

PSY of Exceptional Children, Assignment 4

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of the Institution]

PSY of Exceptional Children, Assignment 4

Introduction

The term “exceptional” describes unusual and unique characteristics which vary from general traits in people. The children with exceptional behaviour also attributes to learning disabilities, however, generally it is grouped into several categories such as intellectual exceptional, physical exceptional or handicapped, emotionally disable and multi-handicaped children which include emotional disorder as well. Their distinguish characteristics refers to slow learning and are considered as not intelligent. Some are handicapped, who can not perform certain tasks and are considered socially insufficient. The children with mental disabilities are unable to become literate and require special support in their lives.

Discussion

Special education is provided to exceptional children where disabilities require special treatment by trainers because some have impaired vision, hearing, speech and neurological impairment. It requires seperate teaching programmes and assistance to educate them. The emotional disorder also requires to engage their parents in the growth development of these childrens. Periodic medical checkups, the environment in which they live, flexible curriculum, individual attention and guidance service are important in their growth.

The Challenges to Exceptional Childrens

The challenges with exceptional children differ when they move into a new stage of life such as when they are joning secondary education, they are unable to cope with the difficult curriculum. At times, this increase anxiety and stress among childrens which refrain them from taking admissions. Secondly, as Erikson theory of child development states that when children do not get the desired results, they experience isolation and loss of identity. However, the ratio is higher in disabled childrens where they cannot figure their role indentification in the society. Thirdly, it is difficult for special children to choose their career paths as they are dependent solely on their trainers. It might get them into trouble if they choose something which they lately regret. Lastly, special children are very sensitive towards failure, and at secondary level, the competition gets tough which results in their withdrawl from the schools ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"NbpBEz8N","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Woolfenden et al., 2016)","plainCitation":"(Woolfenden et al., 2016)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":39,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/DqTTedP9/items/XNEQ7JP4"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/DqTTedP9/items/XNEQ7JP4"],"itemData":{"id":39,"type":"article-journal","title":"Prevalence and factors associated with parental concerns about development detected by the Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) at 6-month, 12-month and 18-month well-child checks in a birth cohort","container-title":"BMJ open","page":"e012144","volume":"6","issue":"9","author":[{"family":"Woolfenden","given":"Susan"},{"family":"Eapen","given":"Valsamma"},{"family":"Jalaludin","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Hayen","given":"Andrew"},{"family":"Kemp","given":"Lynn"},{"family":"Dissanyake","given":"Cheryl"},{"family":"Hendry","given":"Alexandra"},{"family":"Axelsson","given":"Emma"},{"family":"Overs","given":"Bronwyn"},{"family":"Eastwood","given":"John"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2016"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Woolfenden et al., 2016).

Essential Features of Emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD)

The essential features of EBD are biological, genetic, cognitive, social, environmental, and cultural.The biological refrs to the physical disabilities where children require support in their daily routine. The genetic refers to the inherited disorders from family members whci can be increase with the age. The cognitive defines the mental incapability of childrens which characterized them as slow learners. The social disorders mostly arises from societal pressure, where society enforces individuals to act in certain way. The societal pressure leads to severe depression and suide cases in childrens. The environmental and cultural factors are connected with social as they restrict children from making certain decision and have strong influence on them ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"FRo0m02D","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Fear et al., 2014)","plainCitation":"(Fear et al., 2014)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":5,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/DqTTedP9/items/AE599E2E"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/DqTTedP9/items/AE599E2E"],"itemData":{"id":5,"type":"article-journal","title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder","container-title":"Mental health and wellbeing in England: Adult psychiatric morbidity survey","page":"1-25","author":[{"family":"Fear","given":"Nicola T."},{"family":"Bridges","given":"Sally"},{"family":"Hatch","given":"Stephani"},{"family":"Hawkins","given":"Victoria"},{"family":"Wessely","given":"Simon"},{"family":"McManus","given":"S."},{"family":"Bebbington","given":"P."},{"family":"Jenkins","given":"S."},{"family":"Brugha","given":"T."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2014"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Fear et al., 2014). All these features of federal definition requires sepetare training for children to support them in achieving their goals.

Characteristics of EBD

Emotional/behavioral disorders leads to intellectual and sensory deficits, children and youth display unhappiness, lacks communication skills, low confidence, and unsatisfactory interpersonal relationships. All these traits in children and youth lead them to aggression and self-injurious behavior and makes it difficult for them to cope with peers and environment ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"NoDjU2a8","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Garg et al., 2017)","plainCitation":"(Garg et al., 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":38,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/DqTTedP9/items/YM8PTGIA"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/DqTTedP9/items/YM8PTGIA"],"itemData":{"id":38,"type":"article-journal","title":"Explaining culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) parents’ access of healthcare services for developmental surveillance and anticipatory guidance: qualitative findings from the ‘Watch Me Grow’study","container-title":"BMC health services research","page":"228","volume":"17","issue":"1","author":[{"family":"Garg","given":"Pankaj"},{"family":"Ha","given":"My Trinh"},{"family":"Eastwood","given":"John"},{"family":"Harvey","given":"Susan"},{"family":"Woolfenden","given":"Sue"},{"family":"Murphy","given":"Elisabeth"},{"family":"Dissanayake","given":"Cheryl"},{"family":"Jalaludin","given":"Bin"},{"family":"Williams","given":"Katrina"},{"family":"McKenzie","given":"Anne"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Garg et al., 2017).

Diffinitions

Mirror writing refers to reverse writing of words or sentences of original one that results as normail when viewed in a mirror.

Dyslexia is a learning disorder of identifying speech sounds and making relation with letters which results in reading difficulty.

Short attention span means that people get distracted while performing lengthy work which have negative impacts on work performance.

Selection attention means focusing on specific object in an environment for defined period of time. It restricts attention to limited sources and people get stuck at unnecessary information.

Haptics refers to communication which involves touching in recognizing objects.

Figure ground discrimination is the ability to separate the factors of a visual image by making sense of the contrast such as light and dark and thus perceive its background.

Visual discrimination enables people to identify details in visual image and make decision of likeliness of shapes or objects.

Auditory processing disorder (APD) is a hearing disorder where people cannot process what they hear because their ears doesnot coordinate with the brain.

Criterion-referenced assessments deals with evaluating student’s performance against a predetermined criteria to make them better perform their given tasks.

Norm-referenced assesments is a comparative criteria in which student’s performance is measured with other students of same age and grade level tp check the performance level.

Screening is a pro strategy done to figure out potential health disorders in people who are not yet diagnose with the disease, neither have any signs or symtoms to eliminate that group from treatment.

Positive behavior support (PBS) is a management tool for understanding and maintaining an individuals behavior where inappropriate behaviors are difficult to change because they serve a purpose for them.

Response to Intervention (RTI) is a multi disciplined approach to identify potential problems easily before they propose a threat. This involves high-quality instruction for all childrens to perform in certain way.

Wraparound is a strategy of care values which are built through a planning process to establish constructive relationships among peers and support networks. The technique is highly family centered to built lasting relationships.

CBT is a treatment for depression and a vast range of other problems to focus on individuals thoughts, beliefs, and attitude where people can learn more positive way of thinking and behaving.

Conclusion

Exceptional childrens propose a high responsibility for our society to deal with such childrens with care and affection. It is not only based on medical treatment but societal support as well. The physical disable people are more disadvantaged as they lack certain characteristics, however, the emotionaly disabled people can be greately help through environmental support.

References

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Fear, N. T., Bridges, S., Hatch, S., Hawkins, V., Wessely, S., McManus, S., … Brugha, T. (2014). Posttraumatic stress disorder. Mental Health and Wellbeing in England: Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, 1–25.

Garg, P., Ha, M. T., Eastwood, J., Harvey, S., Woolfenden, S., Murphy, E., … McKenzie, A. (2017). Explaining culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) parents’ access of healthcare services for developmental surveillance and anticipatory guidance: qualitative findings from the ‘Watch Me Grow’study. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 228.

Woolfenden, S., Eapen, V., Jalaludin, B., Hayen, A., Kemp, L., Dissanyake, C., … Eastwood, J. (2016). Prevalence and factors associated with parental concerns about development detected by the Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) at 6-month, 12-month and 18-month well-child checks in a birth cohort. BMJ Open, 6(9), e012144.