Various studies that have been conducted, have evaluated that psychological research in the United States that was based on samples. The studies have excluded 95% of the world's populace. The results of various studies have shown that evidence of these studies is frequently generalized and is taken as universal. The aim of the researches should be focused on the development of cross-cultural relationships. Psychology is a field that is dedicated to research in behaviors, development, and human cognitive thinking and relationships. It describes the research in the field of behaviors and development that applies to the whole population. The psychological studies, journals, textbooks and research papers in the United States define the social and cognitive functioning and can be applied to the whole population. This discussion will identify whether the major researches are mainly generalized and applicable to all cultures in the United States or not.
Concepts of psychology around the countries would have the same processing and functioning and predominantly similar psychological processes; therefore, the research of psychology should be generalized to all the cultures. Cross-cultural relations should be strengthened through respect and trust by collaborative efforts in the field of research and practice of psychology. Researchers should be aware of the fact that their research should develop cross-cultural relations among different regions to expand the knowledge ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"am2qa881d3","properties":{"formattedCitation":"{\\rtf ({\\i{}Psychological research not always universal; Studies should involve more cross-cultural collaboration, says researcher}, n.d.)}","plainCitation":"(Psychological research not always universal; Studies should involve more cross-cultural collaboration, says researcher, n.d.)"},"citationItems":[{"id":1211,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/Z97H7ZFZ"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/Z97H7ZFZ"],"itemData":{"id":1211,"type":"webpage","title":"Psychological research not always universal; Studies should involve more cross-cultural collaboration, says researcher","container-title":"ScienceDaily","abstract":"Previous studies have found that the vast majority of published psychological research in the United States is based on American samples and excludes 95 percent of the world's population. Yet, these results are often generalized and taken as universal. A researcher hopes his experience will encourage more researchers to develop cross-cultural relationships.","URL":"https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100507142149.htm"}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Psychological research not always universal; Studies should involve more cross-cultural collaboration, says researcher, n.d.). The collaboration with other researchers and studies have helped to identify that cultural differences should be understood. Various studies have evaluated perfectionism and has described that different cultures and different things are merged in it. The studies have identified that research and perfectionism were not applied universally.
The results of evidence-based researches have shown that the United States is dominating among APA journals. Overall first authors were Americans around 73% and were linked with American universities and institutions ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a1busma95uj","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Arnett, 2008)","plainCitation":"(Arnett, 2008)"},"citationItems":[{"id":1219,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RNBPU8QH"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RNBPU8QH"],"itemData":{"id":1219,"type":"article-journal","title":"The neglected 95%: why American psychology needs to become less American.","container-title":"American Psychologist","page":"602","volume":"63","issue":"7","author":[{"family":"Arnett","given":"Jeffrey J."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2008"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Arnett, 2008). First authors affiliated with the American Universities were from 65 % to 85% whereas only 1% were from Asia ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a22mnr77e9a","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Arnett, 2008)","plainCitation":"(Arnett, 2008)"},"citationItems":[{"id":1219,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RNBPU8QH"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RNBPU8QH"],"itemData":{"id":1219,"type":"article-journal","title":"The neglected 95%: why American psychology needs to become less American.","container-title":"American Psychologist","page":"602","volume":"63","issue":"7","author":[{"family":"Arnett","given":"Jeffrey J."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2008"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Arnett, 2008). The analysis of different researches has shown that articles published in the APA journals are mostly based on the American population. The studies are narrow in developmental psychology and behavioral studies. The context of developmental psychology and behavioral studies were different in many concepts of psychology ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a58ihbd81","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Rad et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Rad et al., 2018)"},"citationItems":[{"id":1216,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RS68I72V"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RS68I72V"],"itemData":{"id":1216,"type":"article-journal","title":"Toward a psychology of Homo sapiens: Making psychological science more representative of the human population","container-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","page":"11401-11405","volume":"115","issue":"45","author":[{"family":"Rad","given":"Mostafa Salari"},{"family":"Martingano","given":"Alison Jane"},{"family":"Ginges","given":"Jeremy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Rad et al., 2018). In order to effectively explore the developmental processes, psychological studies should be inclusive of all cultures and nationalities ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a58ihbd81","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Rad et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Rad et al., 2018)"},"citationItems":[{"id":1216,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RS68I72V"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RS68I72V"],"itemData":{"id":1216,"type":"article-journal","title":"Toward a psychology of Homo sapiens: Making psychological science more representative of the human population","container-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","page":"11401-11405","volume":"115","issue":"45","author":[{"family":"Rad","given":"Mostafa Salari"},{"family":"Martingano","given":"Alison Jane"},{"family":"Ginges","given":"Jeremy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Rad et al., 2018). Also, the studies published have shown a great difference in studies representing the rates and proportions of mental illnesses in various cultures. In previous years, geographical barriers have limited the abilities of developmental processes to be discussed across countries.
A better understanding of cultures would be accomplished through studies if published in the journals. New studies and researches can connect different cultures and countries through various methods including Skype and other communication ways. Psychological studies need additional communications to identify the issues in the field of research and psychology. Various studies argue on the fact that basic functions and processes are similar in all cultures whereas other researchers support the evidence that culture is the core part in psychological functions, behaviors and thinking ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a58ihbd81","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Rad et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Rad et al., 2018)"},"citationItems":[{"id":1216,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RS68I72V"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RS68I72V"],"itemData":{"id":1216,"type":"article-journal","title":"Toward a psychology of Homo sapiens: Making psychological science more representative of the human population","container-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","page":"11401-11405","volume":"115","issue":"45","author":[{"family":"Rad","given":"Mostafa Salari"},{"family":"Martingano","given":"Alison Jane"},{"family":"Ginges","given":"Jeremy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Rad et al., 2018). Therefore, the paper has identified that researches of American individuals are frequently generalized to the individuals of other cultures.
Various arguments regarding the generalization of the studies are somewhat true. However, Reid Trotter has explained that there is insufficient research and understanding of the psychological functions of human species because the cross-cultural links are weak ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"nH3XelfG","properties":{"formattedCitation":"{\\rtf ({\\i{}Psychological research not always universal; Studies should involve more cross-cultural collaboration, says researcher}, n.d.)}","plainCitation":"(Psychological research not always universal; Studies should involve more cross-cultural collaboration, says researcher, n.d.)"},"citationItems":[{"id":1211,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/Z97H7ZFZ"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/Z97H7ZFZ"],"itemData":{"id":1211,"type":"webpage","title":"Psychological research not always universal; Studies should involve more cross-cultural collaboration, says researcher","container-title":"ScienceDaily","abstract":"Previous studies have found that the vast majority of published psychological research in the United States is based on American samples and excludes 95 percent of the world's population. Yet, these results are often generalized and taken as universal. A researcher hopes his experience will encourage more researchers to develop cross-cultural relationships.","URL":"https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100507142149.htm"}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Psychological research not always universal; Studies should involve more cross-cultural collaboration, says researcher, n.d.). The studies and researches that need to be essentially cultural based to identify the core relations of psychological diseases. The article has identified that the major researches are mainly generalized and applicable to all cultures that have been published in the United States. The difference in the cultures would be particularly identified through research in cross cultures ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a58ihbd81","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Rad et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Rad et al., 2018)"},"citationItems":[{"id":1216,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RS68I72V"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/RS68I72V"],"itemData":{"id":1216,"type":"article-journal","title":"Toward a psychology of Homo sapiens: Making psychological science more representative of the human population","container-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","page":"11401-11405","volume":"115","issue":"45","author":[{"family":"Rad","given":"Mostafa Salari"},{"family":"Martingano","given":"Alison Jane"},{"family":"Ginges","given":"Jeremy"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Rad et al., 2018). Psychological development and behavioral studies can identify the pattern of transmission of disease whereas differences in the proportions of the disease would also be better understood through these cross-cultural studies. Research must address the major processes that need to be generalized to the overall population in the United States.
References
ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Arnett, J. J. (2008). The neglected 95%: Why American psychology needs to become less American. American Psychologist, 63(7), 602.
Psychological research not always universal; Studies should involve more cross-cultural collaboration, says the researcher. (n.d.). ScienceDaily. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100507142149.htm
Rad, M. S., Martingano, A. J., & Ginges, J. (2018). Toward a psychology of Homo sapiens: Making psychological science more representative of the human population. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(45), 11401–11405.
