Pol100

Response Paper: pol100

Sedami Yevide

28 November 2019

Comparison of U.S. Constitution Executive Branches with Articles of Confederation

The United States has worked under two constitutions, initially from March 1, 1781, under the Articles of Confederation when Maryland approved it and then constitution replaced the Articles when New Hemisphere approved it on June 21, 1788. These two documents are almost similar to each other as they were confirmed through same type of people but they also have many differences. In the Article, legislature is Unicameral and known as Congress while in the constitution it is bicameral and divided into Senate and House of Representatives. In Articles of Federation the members of congress in each state must be from two to seven however in the constitution, it is written that two senators from each state and the representation are apportioned by each state population. It is written in the Article that all members are appointed through the state legislature in the way every legislature is directed while in the constitution, it is mentioned that representatives are elected through popular votes and the senators are appointed through state legislatures. In the Article of Federation, it is written that the term of legislative office is one year while in the constitution, the term of representatives is two years and it is six years for senators. Constitution has given all the powers to the President as he can assemble the congress but in Article State Committee have the full power on Congress. President is the head of the executive in the constitution and there is a federal judiciary which is Supreme Court while Maritime Judiciary is established in Article. According to the article, whenever an amendment is made when all states agreed upon it but in the constitution, the amendment can be done through ¾ of all the states.

Constitution of Pennsylvania, September 28, 1776

The constitution of Pennsylvania has given all the rights to the citizen to live an independent and safe life. It is also written in the constitution that all the branches of government either executive or legislative are the trustees and servants of their people. The supreme executive power is given to the council and president, the house of representative members must be elected through the ballot. The representatives’ general assembly has the power to select speaker, state treasurer, and other officers, create bills and they also approve law.

Constitution of Georgia, February 5, 1777

According to Article I of the constitution all the departments including the judiciary, executive and legislative must be separated so they cannot interfere in each other department. Every article must be read three times and then sent to the executive branch for their advice. The governor must utilize executive power as advised by the executive council. Governor with the executive council advice can all the house of assembly in emergency conditions or before the time. With the advice of the executive council, the governor has the power to fill the vacant places in office till the other general election which includes both civil and military positions. In the absence of the governor, the executive council president can exercise all the governor's powers. All the communication among legislative and executive branches must be communicated with the governor.

Constitution of Vermont, July 8, 1777

According to Article V of the Vermont constitution, all the government officers either the executive or legislative are people servants. Those who are employed in the executive or legislative branches should be restricted from the oppression of people. The executive power is given to the Council and governor. The supreme executive council is based on the governor, lieutenant governor, and the other twelve members. Every state officer either executive or judiciary is liable and can be challenged through General assemble. Every officer including military, judicial and executive is the State authority and must take the oath before entering the office.

Bibliography

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY “Comparing the Articles and the Constitution - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.Net.” Accessed November 28, 2019. https://www.usconstitution.net/constconart.html.

Thorpe, Francis Newton. “The Federal and State constitutions, colonial charters, and other organic laws of the state[s], territories, and colonies now or heretofore forming the United States of America /compiled and edited under the Act of Congress of June 30, 1906.” Text, December 18, 1998. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/pa08.asp.

———. “The Federal and State constitutions, colonial charters, and other organic laws of the state[s], territories, and colonies now or heretofore forming the United States of America /compiled and edited under the Act of Congress of June 30, 1906.” Text, December 18, 1998. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/ga02.asp.

Thorpe, Francis Newton, and Francis Newton Thorpe. “Constitution of Vermont - July 8, 1777.” Text, December 18, 1998. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/vt01.asp.