The impact of immigration policy on child development in the United States and Australia
Introduction
Immigration is defined as an act of coming to live for long term or permanent basis in a foreign country. In order to incorporate a code of conduct and pattern, immigration policies are formulated. Immigration policy is one of the most discussed and most divisive arguments in American politics. It is evident that many times, president and Congress have invoked a major need for reforms related to immigration, taking into account that it was a central campaign issue for both congressman candidates as well as presidential representatives. Immigration is not just the migration of the people, but a complete ideology that addresses the basic rights and necessities of people (How the United States Immigration System Works, 2014). With changing approaches in the world, immigration is termed as a complete demise or revival of a generation because immigration policies are the running head that represents a nation. It would not be wrong to say that immigration policies can cause social, moral, psychological and emotional effect on immigrants. However, the central subject to this impact is children because elders might be well aware of the facts and figures related to social moral and cultural attribute but the case is too sensitive for children (U.S. Immigration Policy Program, 2019). The first immigration portfolio of Australia was created in the year 1945. An analysis of the immigration department from the past war and the essence of “Populate or perish” has promoted some successive waves of immigration and migrants who belonged to different parts of the world. It would not be wrong to say that the immigration framework of Australia has changed over generations, in reference to little consultative public debate or declamation. According to records, Australia lacks a broader migration program, policy or mind map that could get an insight into the framework of immigration. Although there was minor attention to those ideas between 2010 and 2013, still the annual immigration framework is set by the government taking it as a part of government and its budget (Australia.gov.au, 2019). According to research, the immigration policy of Australia is a description of de facto population policy. It is found that the total number of humanitarian migrants to Australia had remained static since 1996, where it got a sudden jump in 2012 accompanied by an upward trend in 2015. By 1996, the balance of permanent migration is more towards skilled immigration rather than family immigrations, taking into account the tie that exists between the need of the labor market and the successive Australian governments (Australia, 2014). The most critical point to note, the natural increase referring to the babies who are newly born are no longer the major or primary drivers of the population increase in Australia. An analysis of all the relative dimensions and paradigms highlights that there are some major dimensions of Australian immigration such as temporary and permanent immigration, the role of the other countries and also the ratio of immigrants in Australia (Australia, 2014).
The immigration policy of the United States is defined as a framework that invites almost all types for people from different countries, but for a short period of time. The immigration policy reflects the consensus of the bipartisan group of some eminent leaders belonging to different fields such as education, homeland security, academia, labor, human rights, and business (U.S. Immigration Policy Program, 2019). It would not be wrong to say that the immigration system of the United States is much complex because there are many political and legal avenues involved in it. Immigration to the United States is actually based on some major principles such as protection of the refugees, the economy boosts by skilled people and other economic paradigms such as promotion of diversity and the availability of resources. There are different aspects associated with the immigration in the United States such as family-based immigration, immigration based on employment, immigration of sales and refugees, more country citizens, and the diversity visa programs. US citizenship and different form of humanitarian beliefs are also included in it. (How the United States Immigration System Works, 2014)
Research Objective
The objective of this research is to analyze how immigration policies of America and Australia have caused an impact on children. As children belong to that section of population who are the product of environment and conditions imposed, so this research will study how children are impacted in terms of social, psychological and moral paradigms.
Literature Review
Immigration policy is defined as the code of conduct that highlights what are the features and characteristics that are set by the country for those who are immigrants. In general, connotations of immigration act as a platform that decides a lot of future and further features of the country. According to Connor, (2019) immigration policy is a tool that can help to determine what are the future aspects of the country in terms of economy, evolution, industrialization of population, because when an immigrant made its way to another country, he has to make some efforts. The efforts by an immigrant is directly related to the social, moral and economic framework taking into account that only those countries are successful that have a versatile attitude towards immigration (Connor, et al. 2019). Another subcategory that has directly impacted and associated with immigration belongs to children because children belong to the population who are the retrievers of immigration. They are also assumed to play a central role in determining the future of the country as a resource, social representative, morally designed being and then a citizen who will react in the same way as he was treated. In accordance with the underlying idea to analyze and compare the immigration policy of the United States and Australia, it is necessary to undergo an exegetical analysis of the policies of the two countries that are assumed and supposed to affect children (Connor, et al. 2019). It is asserted that the immigration policy of the United States made by Donald Trump has a lot of dimensions that can hamper social, moral and psychological condition of children.
Immigration policy of the United States
According to the critics, it is highlighted that the Trump administration has been criticized because of condemnation from child health and zero tolerance towards the immigrants on the US-Mexico borders including those people as well who were seeking asylum. It is found that between April 2008 and June 2008, a lot of children such as breastfeed infants, youngsters as well as toddlers were relocated so that they can be separated from their parents. According to the report, about 700 children in which 49 children where less than 4 years were meant to stay away from their parents (Grimm & A, 2019). In 2016, by the estimates from United Nation High Commission for Refugees, it is asserted that about 50 million children migrated from the country borders and they were forcibly displaced. There were about 28 million children who fled because of insecurity and violence taking into account that this figure became double between 2005 and 2015. By the end of May 2018, the report from the US Department of Health and Human Services highlighted that there were about 110773 immigrant children who were detained from the US Mexican borders. According to the information provided by (Australia, 2014), it is asserted that in 2013, Australia experienced a large surge of illegal migrants that arrived in Australia and it leads to the detention of about 2000 people. According to the information collected by Nauru Regional Processing Centre, there were 7 children who were under 18 and they were placed in the detention of immigrants where 22 children were placed in a high controversial offshore (Australia, 2014). According to Shin, (2018) it is asserted that the immigrants who were detained at the US Mexico border were primarily the asylum seeker who belonged to El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras, the region of the world that was plagued by poverty, violence, corruption, insecurity, and drug cartel infiltration. It is recorded that the migration through the Mexican borers to the United States was actually devastating, along with reports of treating with sexual assaults, violence, and physical abuse and kidnapping (Shin, et al. 2018). Moreover, under the impact of United States immigration policy promoted by Trump, it is found that the children who are born out of the country of the United States have to acquire citizenship by using the Immigration and Nationality Act ignoring the fact that it is one of the complex actions that may occur in the context and the judicial framework of the United States (Shin, et al. 2018). Under the implication of this practice, it is asserted that the children are badly affected. If a child is born abroad and he is adopted by the parents who are living in the United States, the children will not be granted citizenship under the immigration policy. Another instance that could affect a child would be the children of non-citizens taking into account that the service members of the United States or the government employees who actually naturalize to become citizens themselves after the birth of a child. Moreover, it is also asserted that if a child is born abroad to United States citizens who are not eligible for the citizenship of the United States residence requirements, then the implication of law and the child would be affected because of the formation of immigrant citizenship to the children (Kieslowski & R, 2018). However, it is also found that the Inadmissibility on Public Care Grounds has an indirect and serious impact on the people who are highly skilled and are seeking high income. It will automatically cause an effect on the children of such people as well (Shin, et al. 2018). It is asserted that the immigrant children who belong to the families of low income are more likely to lose services that they need for their life because their parents would be afraid of the damage to the chances of residing in the country. In broader contexts, it is highlighted that the US migration policy addresses the immigrant parents taking into account the need of making some tough choices while thinking about the collection of resources for the nutrition of children, housing and the desires of healthcare (Koslowski & R, 2018).
Immigration policy of Australia affecting children
Under the influence of Australian Immigration policy, there are a lot of facts and figures brought into consideration that Australian immigration is affecting children in an adverse way. Australian law requires the deportation of almost all the citizens who are in Australia without any valid visa. It refers to the unlawful non-citizens. It is asserted that the immigration officials are not given any other voice, except for the detention of the employees who arrive in the country without a visa. It is asserted that when a child arrives in Australia without having a visa and looking for asylum, then they have to stay in the asylum that will automatically affect the psychological health of the children. Deportation is another option that is brought into practice under the impact of immigration policy where, if there is an overstay of an individual, then the children have to spend much less time in detention and they are detained so that process of deportation can be brought into practice (Australia.gov.au, 2019). It is also highlighted that under the impact of the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the administration of Juvenile Justice, it is highlighted that in case of the treatment of children who are not charged with any kind of crime, that the detention tenure would be limited. It is highlighted that the mandatory detention of the children is termed as illegal as it is assumed to breach article 37 of the CRC, adhering to some proportionate and no punitive reasons. It is important to note that the requirements that are meant for the asylum-seeking children are more appropriate in terms of providing assistance under the rights in accordance with the article 22 (1) (Australia.gov.au, 2019). It is found that under the implications of immigration policy, special care and attention is given to the unaccompanied children so as to ensure that they can enjoy all the rights to liberty and they should act in ways that would be in the best interest of the children, as quoted in the article (20). According to research, it is quoted that special attention is required in the initial detention of the unlawful non-citizen children as compared to the adults. In accordance with the Migration Rules 1994, it is asserted that officials should contemplate to make efforts for the early release of the children by giving them bridging visa between 1999 and 2002 that is only issue to the unoccupied children (Australia.gov.au, 2019). Here other implication is found, two children and mother will be accompanied where father would be left in detention. There are also cases in which the family comes to Australia on the basis of one type of vise such as tourist visa, in such a case, children would be made eligible for any kind of lodging visas that will help to restore the lawfulness and avoid detention. The concern towards children and their growth doesn’t end here, it is found that several efforts are taken by the government for the management of the children who are living in Woomera. In 2002, 7 February, it was found that there were about nine unaccompanied students and they have been moved to foster care homes in Adelaide that is declared as an alternative place for detention. However, it is asserted that there are still several unaccompanied children who are in detention and it is the responsibility of the Woomera Detention Centre to ensure their safety... According to the information collected from South Australia Authorities, there are several recommendations that are made for the removal of children along with their parents taking into account that none of these children were transferred to the home-based alternative places of detention (Australia, 2014). According to legal framework, it is asserted that under International Law, Australia continues to be responsible for the foreseeable breaches of human rights of children taking into account the fact that it relocates the third countries. It is found that Australia takes the responsibility of any breaches of the human right that would occur with respect to a child who is under the custody of the Australian government (Australia, 2014). As detention of children is one of the most discussed concerns in the globe, Shin, (2018) asserts that in accordance with the Australian Law, referring to The Migration Act, it’s highlighted that all the children are required to be taken into detention without giving any consideration to the individual circumstances or the underlying features. An analysis of the approaches in relation to human interest highlights, this detention can be termed as one of the best interest principles because it will protect all the rights of the children. However, the most critical point is, the detention is itself a burden of children which highlights that the children are not at all happy while they are detained. It is asserted that the drawings and the illustrations that are drawn by children on the walls appear to be quite distressing. Moreover, the interviews with different people also highlight that same aspect taking into account the idea that children feel scary, they feel lonely and it is more like psychological trauma because there is no hope of tomorrow what an individual is going to get and see in future (Shin, et al. 2018). Although the child welfare organization asserts that it is not safe for children to leave them in detention still, the government has failed in giving an ear to it. Many of the critics think that many of the children are habitual and violent in nature which is just because of the environment of the detention center. It is also one of the threats to physical health and the care concerns of the children. The point is controversial, even the instructions and discussions with the Refugee and Immigration Legal center assert that children should not be kept in detention center, in fact, they should be made to live with freedom or in some other place where they can feel safe; their individual desires and needs are met because food and water is not the only necessity (Kaur & A, 2018). One of the major concerns highlighted is about the grouping that is not given any kind of consideration, as almost all age children are kept at the same place that is dangerous. Carrera, (2018) has brought into consideration the conflict of inserts as one of the issues that are associated with the detention of children (Carrera, et al. 2018)
Methodology
In order to analyze and understand the migration policy of Australia and the United States, comparative study would be used. A comparative study is one of the methodologies that is used within political science in order to analyze and compare the features and underlying essence of suffering institutions, processes, and political systems. This analysis can be, made of almost all positive dimensions ranging from national, international local and regional to some global perspectives (Kerwin & D, 2018). The reason for using this methodology in current research is the versatility of the research method. It is highlighted that Comparative Analysis is grounded upon some critical evidence and proofs that would be used for the recording and the analysis of the political phenomena. Under the influence of these methods, different features and subjects dealing with the policy frameworks can be questioned (Roche, et al., 2018).
There are number of advantages that are associated with the use of comparative analysis in carrying out research. One of the major advantage is the collection of data, the subject is method is used to collect some empirical evidence that can help to identify the underlying similarities and differences between the two legal charters (Kerwin & D, 2018).
This method would help to identify and explain the underlying patterns that are related to political phenomena and then political behavior. It wouldn’t be wrong to say that comparative politics plays a major role in the construction of science like generalization that is based some visible ideologies and believes either that abstractions that can either misguide or result in some ambiguity (Roche, et al., 2018).
In order to proceed with the subject method accompanied by comparative analysis, the immigration laws of the United States and that of Australia are reviewed. This analysis is facilitated by the critiques that are written in terms of the validity of the policies that may affect in a direct or indirect way, the life of children. As the underlying essence of the topic is to address the impact of immigration policies on children, so all the policies are analyzed under the framework of child survival and the social, moral and psychological implications of each of the policies in the long run. This analysis was guided by the analysis that is already made by different scholars, and researchers in order to assess the effectiveness of migration laws for children and their lives in the long run (Kerwin & D, 2018).
Analysis
After the comparative analysis of the immigration laws of Australia and the United States that has paved the way for the identification of both similarities and differences, the impact that these similarities and differences is defined that can affect children of the immigrant families.
Family immigration
In US immigration policy, as there are a lot of application so an individual has to watt for long time taking into account that this long listing an effect the psychological growth of a child especially if he/she has a green card identity. It would not be wrong to say that chain migration can allow immigrants especially their children to stay apart from their goals. Social development is also a question that is addressed under the family immigration taking into account that the children if allowed to immigrate in a fairly early age will help to develop great social bonding as compared to a grown-up age where that individual would be judgmental to the actions and ideologies (Kerwin & D, 2018).
Under the influence of Australian immigration, an immigrant can get a visa very easily and it is one of the reasons of people are in more ease with the idea of immigrating to Australia. It is highlighted that a sponsor is issued for the party that is interested in immigration that can help to impart an ease in the process of immigration. As a quick process, there would be more option for the immigrant to settle in time and achieve his goals (Ghezelbash & D, 2019).
Refugee Admission
Under the impact of US immigration law, the admission of the refugee is banned under Trump’s very first act as president. It is highlighted that it is a clear approach towards a conflict that can cast impact on social, moral and psychological growth of the children. Although it has resulted in 2018, still there are many complications that are posed in the way of people who are refugees and settling admission. These complications impart feeling of inferiority complex and suppression that not only affect the psychology of the children but it also distorts the moral growth because children are introduced to a more violent and destructive environment so they expect and do negative (Kerwin & D, 2018).
In contrast, under Australian immigration laws, a refugee is given visas and they are allowed to detain refugees, both with a valid and invalid visa. Such condition is more like a positive approach for the people because refugees would be facilitated in all the dimensions of life. In accordance with the legal paradigms although there are selected people who are allowed to get a visa, the most interesting fact is all selected refugees have access to the life necessities and it casts a positive impact on the social psychological and moral growth of the children (Roche, et al., 2018).
Temporary Protection Status
Temporary protection status is defined as the status of the people who are living in a particular country i.e. either the United States or Australia. In the immigration law of the United States, temporary protection status is provided to the national to some of the designated countries who are confronting any kind of conflict or disaster. However, in Australian immigration law, temporary protection status is applicable to any of the inhabitant either they have a visa or not. An analysis of the two aspects highlight that temporary Protection Status of the US is narrower in its approach that can cast a negative effect on the children who have come as an immigrant (Hirsch, et al., 2019). On the other hand, Australian Immigration Laws are the complete framework of safety for the people and facilitate those who have come for temporary living and children and their families are more welcomed so they can feel safe, leading to psychological empowerment. A comparative analysis reveals that the protection status follows the same line of conduct within two countries but the infrastructure of Australian immigration policy is more flexible and convenient as compared to that of the United States because children are treated in a far better way with an equal and positive attitude towards life and life activities (van Kooy, et al., 2019).
Citizenships for immigrants
Taking into account the course of citizenship on whole, it is highlighted that both the immigration policies, US and Australia, define citizenship as a procedure that cast a peaceful and a positive impact on the mind of children. It would help child learn more and grow psychology because both the countries incorporate the policies that are worth following and it is done without any critical approach (van Kooy, et al., 2019)
Employment and Wages
Under the implication of US immigration laws, there is discrimination between the type of employment and the wages that are designed for immigrants. On the same board, it is asserted that Australian immigration law has also formulated a pattern in terms of the employment and wages but the contradictory point is, in the US immigration policy, employment and the wages of immigrants is treated in a different scenario. This difference can affect the personal life of an individual leading to an impact on the life of children as well that can cause emotional instability and a more stress pattern. Immigrants are made to feel more alienated under the function of US immigration policy (Betts & K, 2018).
The implication of immigration code
Under the implication of the immigration code, Australia is more vigilant and welcoming to the immigrant children by treating them well and thinking about their best interest. On the other hand, the immigration code of US brings children to courts where they are questioned, leading to psychological distress and trauma. It is asserted that as a result of this pattern, a child may fail to feel safe (Betts & K, 2018).
Detention
Detention is determined as the staying of immigrant. According to the immigration policy of the United States, during detention children are separated from their parents, at any cost. It is asserted that even toddlers and children are separated from their mothers and parents at a fairly early age that is one of the major cause of violence and stress in children (Sitkin & L, 2019). In contrast, Australian Immigration Laws do not allow the separation of children from their families. Children are allowed to stay with their families and detention is provided in the company of their parent. Although it can be a complex situation, still a child is having a hope in the form of the existence of parents. Contrary in US children are tortured both psychologically and emotionally when they are got separated from their parents in a very small age and there is no greater tragedy other than this (Sitkin & L, 2019).
Treatment after detention
According to the US immigration law, when a child is separated from the parent he has to face the worst part of life alone. It would not be wrong to say that it is one of the reasons that the detention immigrant is more violent and they are more distressed. Children are highly affected by the implication of this law (Grimm & A, 2019).
In contrast, under the Australian Immigration Law, children are allowed to stay with their parents that appears to be a totally pleasant response in terms of social moral and psychological growth. However, in Australia, the case is different when an immigrant is a criminal or found alone. If a child is criminal or found alone he has live alone but here the situation appears similar to the detention under the implication of US immigration law because a child or an individual does not feel safe. Children have violent thoughts and they feel hurtful, leading to a more violent attitude of the children (Grimm & A, 2019).
Status of immigrant
It is one of the critical and controversial questions whenever the immigration policy of any country is analyzed. Under the impact and implication of the US immigration policy, it is highlighted that an immigrant will stay immigrant and he is more questioned in terms of criminal activities and other ethical complications. Such a scenario hampers the psychological growth of the children leading to a distorted ideology towards life. Children are emotionally disturbed they are meant to cater to their existence and the questions that are proposed by the native people (Wright, et al. 2017).
In Australian Immigrant law, it is highlight that the scenario is totally different because Australia is more welcoming to immigration. All the legal and ethical frameworks are formed by keeping the immigration in context. It asserted that the immigrant in Australia is more mentally stable as compared to that of the people who are immigrants in the United States. As a result, children are more into mental peace, they are more stable and positive towards society (Sitkin & L, 2019).
Life status
Taking into account the analysis of the ideology of “life status”, it is highlighted that the type of life is one of the most important factors that can cast a social, psychological and emotional impact on the life of the children. A comparative analysis of the immigration policy of United State and Australia highlights that the immigrant children who are living in the United States are treated as immigrant even after passing several years of life in the country because it is hard for them to get an equal status (Clarke, et al., 2019). Immigrants in the United Stars are the most conscious personalities, people are usually afraid of them, security concerns are associated with them, many times, and immigrants are jailed because of lame reasons that are not event relatable at that time. In contrast, the analysis of the life status of migrant children in Australia conveys a different story because children are treated more positively. They are allowed to participate in daily life activities not as a third party who is more vulnerable to threat and destruction but an element that can play a role in regulating the success of the country (Sitkin & L, 2019).
Discussion
Taking into account the facts and figures that are associated with the comparison of immigration policy of United Stated and Australia several conclusions and preferences are formulated. Taking into account the impact of immigration policies and their effect on emotional, psychological and social development following discussions can be made
Emotional Development
The emotional development of a child is defined as a calmer approach to life without any emotional disability. A comparative analysis of the immigration policies of the United States and Australia reveals that the immigration implications of the United States are more towards emotional imbalance (Brell, et al. 2019). The ideologies such as lack of feasibility in kinship, a gap in acceptance and a decreased approach toward acceptance can bring a child to the verge of emotional instability. It would not wrong to say that children can only develop emotionally strong when they are not facing any kind of trauma, where detention is one of the greatest trauma that is faced by the children. Moreover, life threats, narrowed approach towards life and decision making can cause distress that disturbs the emotional stability leading a child to a violent attitude or a stressful life.
In contrast, although Australian immigration policies are also designed under some strong and compact rules still, the overall framework and application is more feasible and positive towards children. Children are given the option and space to grow emotionally strong in some places, they are treated with compassion (Connor, et al. 2019).
Psychological development
Psychological development refers to the cognitive pattern that is visible in action as well. A comparative analysis of the US immigration policy with that of Australian Immigration policy highlights that there are some strong and compact features associated with psychological development of an immigrant in the United States. Even, it was hard because a long-time span of chain management along with overgeneralized thinking dimensions that have to be ignored in order to develop psychologically. There is different example of this psychological complexity such as discrimination and lower status of life (Grimm & A, 2019).
However, in contrast, Australian Immigration policy is positioned at more positive approach because immigrants are more welcomed. Criminals and violent children are treated without their families and they are kept separated from their families still the lifestyle is meat for the best interest without any comparison to life. Although children are more stressful because of the overcrowded place and different types of children, Still, Australia tried to help to children meet their families and it is one of the approaches that position Australia at a fairly better psychological grooming of children as compared to that of the United States (Grimm & A, 2019).
Social Development
Social development is defined as the development of children that can help them become a part of society by thinking about themselves as one of the major part of society. Social developmental include the set of norms and values that are assigned and taught to children so that they can play their part in society. In accordance with the results of comparative analysis of immigration laws, it is asserted that the immigration policy of the United State positions an immigrant at lower social status as compared to that of Australia (Koslowski & R, 2018). Although exceptions are always there, still, it is found that the social attire of the immigrant in the United States is guided and contaminated by security concerns, detention, deprivation from basic life necessities and lower approach to the standards of life that can help an individual live a more positive and fruitful life. In contrast, an analysis of the Australian immigration policy highlights that social development of children is taken and started at two different dimensions, at one dimension, if the immigrant is detained with family or he has immigrated in accordance with legal framework then he would be treated in fairly better way as compared to a narrower approach towards life. Under the implication of Australian Immigration Law, an immigrant is treated as an individual that is from somewhere but he is treated as a part of society which cast a positive impact on a child. A child thinks about his new homeland in a very positive way, guided by social responsibilities and respect towards the other members of the society (Shin, et al. 2018).
So, a comparative analysis highlight that the children treated under the impact of Australian immigration policy are not treated at a perfect social status because there are a lot of drawbacks negative aspects associated with the living standards of children when they are staying at a detention camp. However, this status is comparatively better as compared to that of the United States where a child has to cater to the tag line of immigrant always. Moreover, it is also an insight to the alarming situation where immigrant children can be both, positive resource and negative directors of the society because they would do what they have faced in their lives and later it would be hard to address violent attitude because psychological programming can’t be challenged (Koslowski & R, 2018).
Conclusion
Immigration policies are designed to facilitate the people who have migrated from different land so that they can settle in any of the countries. There are several reasons behind immigration so it is a casual understanding that immigration should be designed in accordance with the natural laws under which all the circumstances can be given equal significance. An analysis of the US immigration policy has highlighted that this policy has undergone several modifications and the current framework of this policy is more than complex (Grimm & A, 2019). The connotation of complexity is equally applicable in both the departmental structure, applicability, and universality, which ultimately affects the children as well. On the other hand, the Australian immigration policy is defined as a code of conduct for immigration that refers to the analysis of the facts and figures that can help understand the paradigms that are associated with immigration. An overall analysis reveals that the immigration policies of Australia are more flexible and they are termed as one of those policies which can address more positive concern (Shin, et al. 2018). An exegetical analysis highlights that children are the resulting product that is directly or indirectly, affected by the immigration policy because they have more areas of life and dimensions ahead. After a comparative analysis of the US immigration policy and Australian immigration policy, it is asserted that children can be facilitated at a far better level because Australia has a flexible framework. In contrast, the immigration policy of the United States is more towards biases and connotations that limit immigration, taking into account the fact that under the implication of United States immigration policy, the stay of an immigrant is questioned for numerous years which affect the social, moral and psychological growth of the children (Shin, et al. 2018).
Implication
After critical analysis and a detailed comparison of the immigration policies of both United States and Australia, it is said that research can be used at both personal and professional level. At personal platform, immigration policies and their comparison can be used to bring a change in attitude that could ultimately lead to social moral and ethical development and a better treatment towards the immigrants. It can also help to invite more research in terms of other features such as how children are programmed under immigration policy by incorporating real-time and scientific research method. In terms of professional paradigms, this research can be used to bring about some effective changes because positive attitude towards immigration is necessary to keep and maintain a friendly relationship that is guided by a welcoming approach to the global village. Moreover, this research can be used to formulate strategies that can be used by both countries, stakeholders and the immigrants to bring a shift in the framework that are casting a negative effect on children because children are the future investment for any nation. In a nutshell, this research can perform both moral and political functions because the political attitude can be used to bring positive reforms in the world. These positive reforms can be in the form of flexible policies, more avenues of progression and the provision of strategies that can address the negative attitude towards immigrants. On the whole, the other side of the attitude and adherence to the current framework may lead to future citizens who would be more biased, negative and stereotypical because they would have learned the same growing up.
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