Political Relationships Between Blacks And Latinos/Hispanics

Political relationships between blacks and Latinos/Hispanics

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of the Institution]

Political relationships between blacks and Latinos/Hispanics

Introduction

We cannot deny that post-racial accomplishment slant were spread all through America during the presidential election held in 2008 and it kept going long till the inauguration ceremony. “When Barack Obama won both the 2008 and 2012 presidential elections, some pundits concluded that we now live in a “postracial America”” (Shaw et al., 2018). Many of the Americans thought that casting their votes for Obama at that time is proof that the United States has moved from its bigot past and is currently moving past race and ethnicity. Obama’s hope message meant that there is a hope of a future that is less racialized. Anyway, this inclination however inebriating it was, is brief. After some season of the introduction, the conduct of legislative issues returned to where it takes off. In the midterm election of 2010, violence and racialism is seen as was seen before. Politics of racialism does not change overnight. For this regard, Obama's election was an anomaly. Every political and demographical study, every indicator of socioeconomic factor shows that poverty, wealth, education, spatial segregation, incarceration rates, the pattern of voting is directly related to the race. America is the combat zone of the philosophy of two racially institutional requests that vie for power. The post-racialism claim that is developed by the conservatives so that it can dismantle public policies of race-consciousness such as confirmatory action, busing or even redistricting does not have the capability to sustain the data avalanche. Studies have shown that how racial material inequality and disparities will affect adversely American society.

Discussion

After the end of the Obama era, Trump got selected as a president in the year 2016. “Trump’s victory was built on Republican votes to be sure, but also included the votes of working-class Whites, some of whom had supported Democrat Barack Obama in 2008 and 2012” (Shaw et al., 2018). For a lot of the Americans, millions of voters were those that switched from Barack Obama to Donald Trump. According to the study, which is presented by the three political scientists from America, statistical data with a large sample is gathered of Obama-Trump switchers. The finding of the study is that these voters shift more on the account of xenophobia and racial hostility and not as the consequence of economic factors. White voters with anti-immigrant and racially conservative attitudes switch votes from Obama to the Trump at a higher rate than those individuals having progressively liberal perspectives concerning these issues. It is written by the paper authors that a little evidence is found of the economic marginality and dislocation on the significance of voting switch in the election of 2016.

This paper held fit to the studies of sizeable slate conducted over the period of previous 18 months or so, with most of them concluding the same thing that is: Tremendous evidence is present that voters of Trump are motivated by the resentment of racial segregation as well as intimidating sexism. With very less evidence of any economic stress related to it. This is not only a matter of ideological ax-grinding or historical interest. We can comprehend the exact manner by which the 2016 decision was influenced by the help of racism in molding how our point of view is alarmed with the midterm 2018 electorate run-up. In a more broad sense, it would help us in understanding the subtleties of the primordial divide in America over the racism issue and why the issue of racism will keep on politically break the nation for what's to come.

The study that is written by three scholars i.e. Tyler Reny of UCLA, Loren Collingwood of UC-Riverside, and Ali Valenzuela of Princeton University, composed a database that contains the information of 64,000 American voters. Inside this enormous example, the examination is limited to the white voters who changed from Obama in 2012 to Trump in 2016. After that, they split the white voter sample into two parts, between non-working and the class of working voters, and after that discover the common reason among the switches of switching the vote. To perform this task, they test is ran on three contrasting questions: test measuring scores on hostility/mass immigration, racial minorities directing attitude, and monetary pressure measure (e.g., regardless of whether the family pay of an individual is lower or higher than the pay of the median in the country of their inhabitance).

The produced results were very surprising. Firstly, the distinguishing characteristic of the vote switching is caused due to the immigration and racism directing attitude. The more conservative racially Obama voter was, the more likelihood is present that they will switch to vote for Donald Trump. On a similar note, the more liberal racially a Romney or voter of the third party was, the more chance is present that they would switch for the Clinton.

Secondly, in Trump switching, the class is highly irrelevant. Keeping the constant racial attitudes, the working-class of white voters were not to opt for switching to Trump. The class of white working voters who switched to the Trump tended to as high score as that of anti-immigrant and racial conservatism measures of attitudes of the wealthier switcher.

Thirdly, the measure of the correlation between the two economic stress and switching of the vote were weak or altogether non-existent. The evidence is minute for the supporting of "economic populism" or "economic anxiety" Trump surge explanation.

The writers of this study state that they have found the strong association between immigration attitudes and racist symbolism and switching for Trump and Clinton than other factors such as local economic dislocation or economic marginality and vote switching. In fact, the marginality was too small that the association between the vote switching and the economic marginality is negligible in either direction.

The findings presented by the study is counterintuitive as it seems: How it is possible that people who elected a black man as a president somehow becomes attracted to racial demagoguery of Trump? The premise that is unspoken behind this question is the certain sort of narration produced by the white redemption: By giving the vote to the Obama in the year 2008 and 2012, white American racial demon is exorcised. But in actuality, the truth is far from this sort of explanation. In 2008, Obama lost the 12 point votes of the white Americans in 2008 and this figure goes up in 2012 to 20 points(Reny et al., 2019). Another point to be noticed is that by voting Obama once or twice does not asserts that someone is automatically is removed the prejudice from himself against the immigrants or the black people. It is possible that anti-immigrant or anti-black sentiments are maintained while supporting Obama. Some other factors came into play in those cases such as financial collapse and the catastrophe of the Iraq War, which may have a predomination over social hang-ups of white voters in the election of 2008-2012.

The election of 2016 was dissimilar to previous elections. One reason for this is that the second term of Obama featured the racial conflict in a significant amount. The movement of "Black Lives Matter" was started in the year 2013. The Michael Brown killing in the year 2014 in Ferguson and the consequently the week of unrest and protest, kicked off a racially polarizing and massive national debate over the violence done by the police against the African Americans.

Secondly, the reason is that the very presence of Obama as the president was polarizing racially. Michael Tesler, from the University of California-Irvine who is a scholar, has in detail documented the effect of Obama's presence as a president to the racial lines produced by polarized America.

This thing would bode well that the development of this impact would be more grounded, longer the stay of Obama in the workplace, setting the significant kickback to organize in his last year.Third and the most important of them all, the two contesting candidates spun the election into a type of referendum on race relations in America. Trump in his campaign, called the Mexican immigrants as rapists and vows to build a US and Mexico wall. It is vowed by Trump in his campaign that he will ban the Muslims, and describe the life of black people in America as a hellscape of poverty and violence(Ricard, 2018). While the elections of 2012 in which Mitt Romney contested against Obama, the campaign by him is not so overt, which asserts that the likelihood of attracting the voter is less who held the racism latent and anti-immigrant attitudes.

Clinton in her campaign positioned herself as the racial justice champion. While the rhetoric by Barrack Obama on racism is that of typical post-racism(Richomme, 2012). Obama positioned that rather than divided, the country is more united while the Clinton goes out for issues of frontal nature such as immigration and police violence. There are many of the valid reasons for this discussion, for example, Clinton tried to use the rhetoric as mentioned above in order to gain the vote of minorities, while Obama was more inclined towards getting a vote from skittish whites.

Conclusion

In conclusion, every political and demographical study, every indicator of socioeconomic factor shows that the poverty, wealth, education, spatial segregation, incarceration rates, the pattern of voting is directly related to the race. The post-racialism claim that is developed by the conservatives so that it can dismantle public policies of race-consciousness such as confirmatory action, busing or even redistricting does not have the capability to sustain the data avalanche. According to several studies, racial material inequality and disparities will affect adversely American society.

References

Reny, T. T., Collingwood, L., & Valenzuela, A. A. (2019). Vote Switching in the 2016 Election: How Racial and Immigration Attitudes, Not Economics, Explain Shifts in White Voting. Public Opinion Quarterly, 83(1), 91-113.

Ricard, S. (2018). The Trump Phenomenon and the Racialization of American Politics. Revue LISA/LISA e-journal. Littératures, Histoire des Idées, Images, Sociétés du Monde Anglophone–Literature, History of Ideas, Images and Societies of the English-speaking World, 16(2).

Richomme, O. (2012). The post-racial illusion: racial politics and inequality in the age of Obama. Revue de recherche en civilisation américaine, (3).

Shaw, T., DeSipio, L., Pinderhughes, D., & Travis, T. M. C. (2018). Uneven roads: An introduction to US racial and ethnic politics. CQ Press.