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FEMA
FEMA stands for federal emergency management agency. It is the agency in America for homeland security. The agency created by presidential reorganization of 1978. It is the implementation of 2 executive order in 1979. The fundamental reason to create this agency is to handle the situation during natural disasters. FEMA help civilians before, during and after any disaster. The primary mission of the FEMA is that as a nation they work to develop, maintain and improve the capacity of the country, to protect, respond, and recover from all emergencies. The annual budget of FEMA is about thirteen billion dollars. This yearly budget further divided into proportions according to the states, sizes and population. FEMA has an official website on which annual report of all funds is disclosed every year. Size of FEMA varies with time to time. In 1993 the total budget was about 3.106 billion dollars with 4476 employees while at the end of the 1996 budget it became 4.328 billion dollars with a decrease in the number of employees up to 3930. Annual budget of FEMA 2018 shows the total amount used is about thirteen billion dollars and employees working for the agency are about ten thousands. ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION citationIDOwWa47Gv,propertiesformattedCitationrtf (uc0u8220Fact Sheets FEMA.Govuc0u8221 n.d.),plainCitation(Fact Sheets FEMA.Gov n.d.),citationItemsid1173,urishttp//zotero.org/users/local/ccgWoSRn/items/UYUK8NX6,urihttp//zotero.org/users/local/ccgWoSRn/items/UYUK8NX6,itemDataid1173,typewebpage,titleFact Sheets FEMA.gov,URLhttps//www.fema.gov/fact-sheets,accesseddate-parts2019,1,17,schemahttps//github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json (Fact Sheets FEMA.Gov n.d.).
President Jimmy Carter is the founder of FEMA. He signed two executive orders on the first of April 1979. The congressional act of 1803 was the initial part of disaster legislation and beginning of FEMA. In 1930s approach of the federal government related to natural disasters became popular after that authority was given to Reconstruction Finance Corporation to manage the loans for construction and repairing the public assets after the natural disasters like flood and earthquake. In 2003 FEMA became the part of the homeland security department of America. Billion dollars budget was given to FEMA to resolve the issues developed after the terror attack on September 11. Another department was established that focused on national security during emergencies and disasters. Furthermore, President Bush agreed to the post-Katrina emergency reform act in 2006. This how the mission of FEMA changed or expand over the years but the main aim of all these reforms is to improve the situation of the society and to protect them from natural or human-made disasters.
FEMA is owned by the United States Department of homeland security. The present in charge of the agency is Brock Long. He is the administrator of the agency appointed by Donald Trump who is the president of America. Brock Long is confirmed as the administrator by the Senate of US in June 2017. Both political and civil service leadership is effective for FEMA. Presidents understand the problems and importance of FEMA during emergencies, therefore, agreed to placement of credible managers as the in charge of the agency. During the Katrina emergency, President Bush pointed out Michael Brown, who resigned later in disgrace. He got the job through his friend recommendation who was the campaign manager of president bush. This shows that the favoritism was there which had a negative impact on FEMA. After this, all directors who are appointed have previous experience in FEMA. During the governance of Obama, initiative steps were taken by involving the public sector for disaster preparedness. This approach not only allowed the private sector to contribute during disasters but FEMA also reflects the commitment that citizens are not just the partner but a subordinate during an emergency. For instance, After the Katrina disaster, both government agencies and the private sector collectively prepared for the inevitable disaster. One side government announced funds on the other hand private foundations invested in insurance, canals, and other projects to adjust to the changing normal. These initiatives solved the administrative and political problems to some extent, but some problems are same. This includes the misfit of FEMA as the department of homeland security because it has its priority other than public welfare. FEMA still not the cavalry and have limited powers as most of the decision is made by the government, not the agency. The problem of inequality and timing is also needed to be solved. People with high status recover from disaster rapidly than the low-status people and time gap like during Katrina disaster made question on the credibility of FEMA ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION citationIDpKNpkeef,propertiesformattedCitation(Roberts, n.d.),plainCitation(Roberts, n.d.),citationItemsid1167,urishttp//zotero.org/users/local/ccgWoSRn/items/AS6NNYZF,urihttp//zotero.org/users/local/ccgWoSRn/items/AS6NNYZF,itemDataid1167,typewebpage,title5 things that have changed about FEMA since Katrina and 5 that havent,container-titleThe Conversation,abstractIs the Federal Emergency Management Agency ready for the new era of disasters,URLhttp//theconversation.com/5-things-that-have-changed-about-fema-since-katrina-and-5-that-havent-83205,languageen,authorfamilyRoberts,givenPatrick,schemahttps//github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json (Roberts, n.d.).
Many severe incidence and response of FEMA show that the agency is no more effective and efficient. Other private groups, foundations, and agencies are much more responsive than FEMA. During Hurricane Katrina government performance was poor. FEMA underestimated the situation and expected the local authorities to manage the situation through their efforts. Shortage of troops, buses, violence, and lack of communication equipment were some fundamental issues during the emergency. Hurricane is one of the biggest natural disasters which was managed by the state itself. Overall the concept of direct government provision is not reliable. When there is only government involvement in any program, there can be the problem of lack of management whether financial or infrastructural. For instance, during Hurricane emergency, there were payment issues. Corruption was pointed out, and private firm like block grant did not get payments on time. In housing recovery worker was not professional, interview taken by the private organization. It was so unprofessional that the interviewers only asked a frequent question that whether the worker can work for long hours. City contractors began installing pylon on the recovery housing after the two years of tragedy where more than thirteen thousand homeowners are waiting for their house to be made ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION citationIDJSj63H6b,propertiesformattedCitationrtf (uc0u8220Hurricane Sandy Recovery Program in New York City Was Mired by Its Design - The New York Timesuc0u8221 n.d.),plainCitation(Hurricane Sandy Recovery Program in New York City Was Mired by Its Design - The New York Times n.d.),citationItemsid1170,urishttp//zotero.org/users/local/ccgWoSRn/items/SU9ZPMIT,urihttp//zotero.org/users/local/ccgWoSRn/items/SU9ZPMIT,itemDataid1170,typewebpage,titleHurricane Sandy Recovery Program in New York City Was Mired by Its Design - The New York Times,URLhttps//www.nytimes.com/2014/09/05/nyregion/after-hurricane-sandy-a-rebuilding-program-is-hindered-by-its-own-construction.html,accesseddate-parts2019,1,17,schemahttps//github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json (Hurricane Sandy Recovery Program in New York City Was Mired by Its Design - The New York Times n.d.).
FEMA need to solve primary issues like time management and worker efficiency. Non efficient workers leads to some serious impact during disaster. Most important problem is that FEMA should be separate from Department of Homeland Security so that the first priority of FEMA become the welfare of society rather than own profit of the agency. There should be proper check and balance on the appointment whether for an administrator or a worker. Proper trained and efficient employees are needed for the agency. Political impact on the agency should be less and partnership with private organisation should be increased.
Fact Sheet
Motto Prepared, Responsive, Committed.
Mission As a nation they work to develop, maintain and improve the capacity of the country, to protect, respond, and recover from all natural and man-made disasters.
Description FEMA stands for federal emergency management agency. It is the agency in America for homeland security. The agency created by presidential reorganization of 1978. It is the implementation of 2 executive order in 1979. The basic reason to create this agency is to handle the situation during natural disasters.
Budget
YearBudget (billion )Employee19933.106 447619964.328 3930.201813.99,981 Programs of FEMA
Federal Insurance And Mitigation Administration
National Continuity Programs
Integrated Public Alert And Warning System
National Preparedness Directorate
Grants Program Directorate
Offices of FEMA
Response And Recovery
Disability Integration And Coordination
Response And Recovery, Logistics Management Directorate
Response And Recovery, Recovery Directorate
Response And Recovery, Response Directorate
Bibliography
ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL custom CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Fact Sheets FEMA.Gov. n.d. Accessed January 17, 2019. https//www.fema.gov/fact-sheets.
Hurricane Sandy Recovery Program in New York City Was Mired by Its Design - The New York Times. n.d. Accessed January 17, 2019. https//www.nytimes.com/2014/09/05/nyregion/after-hurricane-sandy-a-rebuilding-program-is-hindered-by-its-own-construction.html.
Roberts, Patrick. n.d. 5 Things That Have Changed about FEMA since Katrina and 5 That Havent. The Conversation. http//theconversation.com/5-things-that-have-changed-about-fema-since-katrina-and-5-that-havent-83205.
Your Last Name PAGE MERGEFORMAT 8
FEMA Summary
Federal Emergency Management Agency President Jimmy Carter, Founder
1ST OF April 1979, Formed Brock Long, Administrator
United States of America, Jurisdiction Daniel Kaniewski, Deputy Administrator
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