3rd Party Interventions, Conflict Prevention, Peacekeeping And Peacemaking

Third Party Interventions, Conflict Prevention, Peacekeeping and Peacemaking

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of the Institution]

Third Party Interventions, Conflict Prevention, Peacekeeping and Peacemaking

America under the Trump administration has withdrawn from the nuclear deal that was previously signed between America under the Obama administration and Iran. The conflict has taken a dangerous turn and it seems by the present circumstances and the to and fro statements from Iran and the U.S. that war is imminent. Although for this sort of circumstances, the conflict avoidance can only be possible by the mediator when the issue is so much heated. According to some reports, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe is moving to Southwest Asia in order to mediate between the U.S. and Iran. Although Japan looks to be an odd choice, its mediation does make sense for some of the reasons as follow.

First, the relation of Japan with both countries is of good nature, especially at the level of administration. Japan and the U.S. are allies on one side and on the other side, Japan and Iran are celebrating the 90 years of reputable diplomatic relations. Secondly, Japan has no religious baggage that other potential mediator countries, therefore, making it a more suitable foundation of trust for a mediator. Thirdly, the stake of Japan is strong in this mediation. Although the imports from Iran are about 5% its total 80% of imports come from the Strait of Hormuz which is a strategic point Iran can exploit if the tension escalates. Therefore Japan is the most suitable choice for the ongoing conflict mediator.

According to me, the Global Fragility Act is a great initiative of preventing the conflict because of several reasons. First of all, it will protect the national security of the U.S. because it addresses the violent conflict root cause that limits the costly intervention by the military. Secondly, this act will build coordination and the effectiveness of the U.S. programs that are designed to address the violent conflict source. Thirdly, billions of dollars are spent by the U.S. in order to stop the violent conflict once they broke out. By prevention, the U.S. will save lives and money with its efforts. Fourthly, this act will increase U.S. foreign assistance accountability by administrating the development in the evaluation and monitoring indicators that measure the U.S. program result.

India and Pakistan are both nuclear capable nations. The reason for the main conflict that led to 4 wars between them is the issue of Kashmir. The Kashmir issue emerges because of the accession of Kashmir to India which is the main reason for the conflict between the two nations. Both the countries after getting the nuclear capability had only one war that took place in the Kargil sector for achieving the strategic point for dealing with the issues of Kashmir. The conflict is now dangerous for not only both countries but also to the whole neighboring nations because of the potential use of nuclear weapons. United Nation mission is placed in both the countries in the Kashmir controlled area but it failed to restrict them in restraining from the human rights violations that lead to the conflict. The problem arises because of the United Nation incapability of stopping them by force. For this purpose, some suggestions are as follow.

First and foremost thing to be done is the solution of Kashmir issue which is the main source of conflict. U.N. has to implement the plebiscite in Kashmir.

Secondly, involve with itself the country that holds influence on both of these countries.

If these things can be catered, the issue would be resolved.

The peace deal between the Colombian government and FARC has result significantly in some of the positive effect as well as some of the negative effects that still remains. On the positive side, the bombing and mines incidents are reduced in a great deal and people can move freely without being name called by the guerrilla. Now the clashes and bombings are nowhere to be seen and people live in a calm environment. The number of affected municipalities has decreased in a significant amount. On the negative side, the FARC removal has increased the number of thefts, drug consumption, sexual assault, and murders. The reason for their increase is that FARC regulates these types of behavior. Although the peace agreement is signed still some of the challenges remains in the first place, for example After the agreement approval, many middle-ranking rebels show great concerns and saying that they would break away with the agreement. Also according to the deal, drug trafficking is also prohibited and some of the family members of the gorilla members come under the microscope that makes the peace process at stake.

References

Bercovitch, J. (1997). Mediation in international conflict: An overview of theory, a review of practice. Peacemaking in international conflict: Methods and techniques, 125-154.

Bercovitch, J. (2004). International mediation and intractable conflict.

Bosack, M. (2019). Why Japanese mediation of U.S.-Iran tensions makes sense | The Japan Times. The Japan Times. Retrieved 13 June 2019, from https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2019/06/04/commentary/japan-commentary/japanese-mediation-u-s-iran-tensions-makes-sense/

Five Reasons to Support the Global Fragility Act . (2019). Friends Committee on National Legislation. Retrieved 13 June 2019, from https://www.fcnl.org/updates/five-reasons-to-support-the-global-fragility-act-1658

Hylton, F., & Tauss, A. (2016). Peace in Colombia: A New Growth Strategy: Colombia’s peace deal is a remarkable achievement, but its economic implications are troubling. NACLA Report on the Americas, 48(3), 253-259.

UNITED NATIONS INDIA-PAKISTAN OBSERVATION MISSION (UNIPOM) - Background. (2019). Peacekeeping.un.org. Retrieved 13 June 2019, from https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/unipombackgr.html