WEEK 4 DISCUSSION

Initial reply week 4

Question 2:

As industrialization ……………… their exploitation.

The period of industrialization with its rapid construction created an unprecedented shortage of workers. The factories became the engines of industrialization and animal and muscle power began to be replaced by wind and water. New sources of energy were found in coal, oil and electricity. Industrialization had major social consequences and changed the way of life and the position of the working population. With the replacement of machines, man-made work became more efficient, but at the same time a large number of people became unemployed in traditional occupations. More and more woman entered in workforce. The joining of women in factories empowered women. “Among females who were looking for ………………..Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845).( Berkin, Miller, & Gormly, 2011, P. 283).

The position of a woman is always determined by the duties that she has to perform at each stage of the development of the economic system. During primitive communism (you know primitive communism based on lectures in the history of economic development), a time so far distant to us when there was no private ownership and mankind strayed across the earth into small herds, tribes, men and women (Dana, 1989). People lived by hunting and gathering wild herbs and fruits. At this stage of primitive man development, many tens and even hundreds of millennia ago, the roles of man and woman did not differ in any way. It is interesting and important to note that, according to anthropologists' research, during the lower stages of humanity, when humans were hunting. The social and economic conditions of women strongly influence their modes of politicization and engagement. industrialization allow women to be empowered through education suffrage and their participation in politics and every job that men ,use to do in past. On other hand it exploit women as well because there is gender gap in wages and appreciation of work. Working-class females practiced the same gloomy but risky working circumstances and miserable living conditions as working-class males, but their lives were even tougher. Single mother were mainly bad off. They were salaried pointedly less than males but had to wage as much and occasionally more for living accommodations, food, and clothing”.(Berkin, Miller, & Gormly, 2011, P. 284)

References

Berkin, C., Miller, C., Cherny, R., & Gormly, J. (2011). Making America: a history of the United

States (Vol. 1). Nelson Education.

Dana L. Fox. (1989). Instructional Materials: Women’s Roles in American History: Materials for

a Unit. The English Journal, 78(7), 78. https://doi.org/10.2307/817964

replies

reply to China Pfertsh

Thankyou for your post and I have found it interesting and useful. I am not agreeing that industrialization exploit woman completely. Yes to some extend it is true, but it also empowered them. In the United States, married women throughout the United States did not have property rights until the end of the 19th century. According to the English Common Law, daughters were one-half of their sons in inheritance, and legally married women could not own property. The widow had only the right to use the property, and when the husband died, the widow received about one-third of the property. In the case of 'legal unmarried women', they owned property. The property ownership of the first married woman was acquired by the Mississippi state in 1839. In the late 1870s, property ownership was extended from northern to southern states.

Reply to Tiffany Harrigan

Before the American Revolution, the passion for political freedom had already matured. Booklets and sermons were poured out that informed of the political rights and freedoms and the history and meaning of a just and legal government. But the motto of freedom and virtue has been interpreted differently for men and women. The American Revolution itself had a masculine personality in terms of political activity and purpose, but it also made a big difference for American women. The patriotism of the wars gave them the opportunity to devote themselves to the nation in a more active manner. In addition, they expressed their political opinions through ways of participating in the riots. The protests against the British government, which culminated in the Declaration of Independence, reestablished political relations between the new state and the federal government. Male politicians redefine the relationship between the individual and the state. But they did not pay much attention to the relationship between women and the state. It is the concept of 'Republican Motherhood' that has provided a clue to the solution to the dilemma between the republican theory and the actual public activity of women. According to this concept, mothers are obliged to uphold family discipline and to take charge of their children's moral education as citizens, so it is the responsibility of the state to expand the opportunities for education for women to young girls.