Townsend Chapter 1: Native North America Before European Contact Shoemaker Chapter 1: Ancient America

Mayra Spinello

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History and Anthropology

September 18, 2019.

Townsend Chapter 1: Native North American before European Contact Shoemaker Chapter 1: Ancient America

Pre- European cultural patterns throughout North America have developed long ago in the Great Plains. The early Europeans had access to the complete land of America and they used to move freely throughout the complete land of America. The origin and patterns of the European culture were first traced, where they lived in the form of community or groups. Their beliefs, social structure and the way of living have greatly influenced the lifestyle of the later Americans ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"dZfZslmY","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Driver)","plainCitation":"(Driver)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":222,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/SFZJ8TS4"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/SFZJ8TS4"],"itemData":{"id":222,"type":"book","title":"Indians of North America","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Driver","given":"Harold E."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2011"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Driver). Some American still believe that the horrific development has curtailed for them much of the opportunities. They believe the early Europeans have left a footprint which will keep on impacting their lifestyles for many years to come.

There were many similarities and commonalities among the people living in that time American. Although they differed in many ways their social customs, religious beliefs and cultural values were much alike. Many of the tribes share similarities since they practice the same religion. They have shared a similar trend toward science, technology and observation of the natural world ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"QnOZT35I","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Kroeber)","plainCitation":"(Kroeber)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":223,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/DKK97HMT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/DKK97HMT"],"itemData":{"id":223,"type":"book","title":"Cultural and natural areas of native North America","publisher":"Univ of California Press","volume":"38","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Kroeber","given":"Alfred Louis"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1939"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Kroeber). The variability of the native society was relevant to the manner they used to interact with each other and in the manner they use to celebrate events. In their social order, the manner they dealt with tribes living close to them also shared similar aspects.

The proliferation of cultural groups throughout America happened for the fact that they shared a heightened level of animosity toward each other. They all feared that other’s culture might be injurious to theirs. For such reasons they started distancing themselves from each other. Some also believe that for the reasons of resources and better yield of crops they migrated to other places. Such migrations resulted in mass proliferation of cultures throughout America ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"z6EWuQNY","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Brown)","plainCitation":"(Brown)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":217,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/AHSRFRBE"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/AHSRFRBE"],"itemData":{"id":217,"type":"article-journal","title":"The Anglo-Algonquian Gender Frontier","container-title":"Negotiators of Change: Historical Perspectives on Native American Women","volume":"30","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Brown","given":"Kathleen M."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1995"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Brown). These were the primary reasons the culture proliferated much steadily.

Works Cited:

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Brown, Kathleen M. “The Anglo-Algonquian Gender Frontier.” Negotiators of Change: Historical Perspectives on Native American Women, vol. 30, 1995.

Driver, Harold E. Indians of North America. University of Chicago Press, 2011.

Kroeber, Alfred Louis. Cultural and Natural Areas of Native North America. Vol. 38, Univ of California Press, 1939.