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Mortality vs. Morbidity
Q1:
The denominator for the incidence rates refers to the population at risk. The individuals who have developed the condition already should be excluded. So the incident rates are usually expressed by the average population instead of the population at risk.
In some cases the numerators are a very small part as compared to the population which gives a minimum value. For example, the number of cancer cases in 2018 in New York is the numerator while the total population of New York is the denominator. Similarly the can measure the mortality cases in a specific period of time with respect to the accidents in a certain region. These calculations are practically hard to measure with 100 percent accuracy.
Q2:
The open population occurs if the total population is dynamic when new members are added, and leaving over time. While the closed population refers to the population in which neither immigration nor the emigration occurs. Both of these population occur in nature. Here we will quote the example of ants when a larger group of ants saw at an open area finding food, where ants from the different area are collected, is called open population. While the group of ants living in a kitchen on the top floor of the building is the closed population.
Q3:
Morbidity is the state of being unhealthy or diseased within a population. While the mortality is used for the number of deaths within the population. Morbidity represents the incidences of illnesses within a population, while mortality shows the number of death cases in a population.
Q4:
Tracking the morbidity and mortality in a population is essential to evaluate the public health issues, and bring some reforms in the community. It helps the public health department to know the death cases occur from a specific disease and helps to take initiatives to control that disease.
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