Research Design

Research design

Mireya Carrillo

University of Phoenix

April 1, 2019

Research Question and Research Type

Topic: To measure the frequency of hand washing by nurses in 'The Mount Sinai Hospital' of New York.

The research topic is to analyze the frequency of Handwashing by Nurses in a Hospital and it can be best measured by using qualitative research method. It is the research design used to measure a study without involving numerical data, just based on the observations and interviews (Merriam & Tisdell, 2015).

Summarizing Qualitative Research Method

There are five major steps involves in doing qualitative research: Settle on an inquiry that is needed to examine.

Question formation: A decent research question should be clear, explicit, and sensible. To do subjective research, your inquiry ought to investigate explanations behind why individuals get things done or put stock in something. The research question is a standout amongst the most vital bits of your exploration structure. It figures out what you need to realize or comprehend and furthermore centers the examination since you can't research everything without a moment's delay. The examination question will likewise shape how you direct your investigation since various inquiries require distinctive strategies for the request.

Literature review: it is a procedure of considering what others have expounded on your examination question and specific subject. You read broadly on the bigger field and inspect ponders that identify with your subject. You at that point draw up an investigative report that orchestrates and coordinates the current research (as opposed to just exhibits a short synopsis of each examination in the sequential request. As it were, you are "exploring the exploration."

Evaluation: this assesses whether subjective research is a good choice for the investigation of the research question. This research method or strategy is helpful when an inquiry does not require a straight answer based on 'yes' or no'. Frequently this type of research is mainly valuable for replying the questions as such what why and how. While considering the decisions based on budgetary, this method is likewise helpful.

Sample size: the qualitative research techniques do not necessarily depend on an already set example amount as like in the quantitative method of research, yet they are able to yield vital bits of knowledge and findings. Such that, since it's not easy or possible humanly to have the entire financing and capacity for thinking about every single person in the United States, therefore restricting the examination to just urban region (like New York).

Selecting a research method: this step involves the selection of a research strategy based on qualitative design. The structure of this type of research is very adaptable among all the other procedures or types of researches, so there is various acknowledged systems inaccessibility.

Specific Research Approach

The specific type of approach of qualitative research that will be employed during this research is ethnographic research type. In this type of qualitative researches, researchers immerse themselves in the target environment of the participants for understanding the challenges, goals, cultures, theme, and motivation (Merriam & Tisdell, 2015). The reliance is not on surveys or interviews, rather a researcher observes the first-hand experience, and it is known as participant observer (Jalalpoor et al., 2012).

Potential Data

Potentially the data was driven from 'The Mount Sinai Hospital' of the New York. 60 nurses were observed under various clinical moments. The convenient sampling method was used, and nurses were selected through this sampling technique. All the nurses taken were those working at the bedsides. Data was collected by direct observational method while nurse was delivering the daily care and it was recorded through a standard checklist which was utilized for observing directly the hand hygiene's five moments. The results showed that the overall compliance rate of hang hygiene was measured to be 10%, as observed in the exposure

Analysis and Interpretation of Data

Each patient in Hospital is open to some microbial agents throughout their hospitalization. The interaction amongst the nurses and patient, in it, doesn’t essentially produce clinical illness, since there are other issues that affect the frequency and nature of nosocomial infections, but can lead to various diseases and allow the dissemination of these pathogens with epidemiological relevance in health centers. Infection by any of these microorganisms can be transmitted by an inert object or by dirty substances from another human (King et al., 2016). The use of a maximum level of hygiene in all care work is essential to reduce both the cross-transmission of any infectious agent. Therefore, this observational study of a qualitative nature has an approach aimed at analyzing the compliance rate of hand washing by nurses in 'The Mount Sinai Hospital', located in the city of New York, USA.

The findings gathered through observational checklists indicated lower compliance rate by the nurses in the hospital. The demographic data was included in the checklist (Mostafazadeh-Bora et al., 2018). Nurses were observed on the bases on hand hygiene's five moments which are accruing to WHO recommendations. The checklist was completed afterward. The nurses are mandated to adhere to the recommendations of guidelines for hand hygiene, which also involves the alcoholic hand rub or sanitizer and hand washing. The samples considered were these constructed moments. The potential data were analyzed by using statistical methods and accuracy of validity and reliability was maintained. All ethical considerations were maintained by properly taking the permission and informed consent of the involved participants and nurses. The duration of each observation lasted from about 10-20 minutes (Mostafazadeh-Bora et al., 2018).

References

Jalalpoor, S., Kasra Kermanshahi, R., Noohi, A. S., & Zarkesh Esfahani, H. (2012). Role and important staff hands and low and high contact hospital surfaces to produce and control nosocomial infections. Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 5(4), 14-22.

King, M. F., Noakes, C. J., Sleigh, P. A., Bale, S., & Waters, L. (2016). The relationship between healthcare worker surface contacts, care type, and hand hygiene: an observational study in a single-bed hospital ward. Journal of Hospital Infection, 94(1), 48-51.

Mostafazadeh-Bora, M., Bahrami, M., & Hosseini, A. (2018). A survey of nurses' compliance with hand hygiene guidelines in caring for patients with cancer in a selected center of Isfahan, Iran, in 2016. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research, 23(2), 119.

Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2015). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley & Sons.