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Genital Mutilations in Women- Literature Analysis

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Genital Mutilations in Women- Literature Analysis

Genital Mutilation in Women is a topic much debated in our society. There are different views attached to it. Some believe that the Genital Mutilations remains important in order to secure women from Vaginal Cancer. It is also believed by some medical practitioners that Genital Mutilations in women is significantly in order to control the sexuality of a woman. Similarly, in some parts of the world, it is linked with ensuring virginity and fidelity. There are some that also opposes the Genital Mutilations. For example, if it is done prior to the age of six, it is somehow not painstaking, but after the age of six, it causes enough bleeding and pain. This literature view will provide with an analysis of the differentiating views about Genital Mutilations in women.

The article titled Female Genital Mutilation: Health Consequences and Complications published in the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology in volume 2018, mentions that there are many negative consequences of the Genital Mutilations in the Women. The reasons the author mentions about the consequences of the Genital mutilations is that the procedure involves using a blade ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"o8jVbwfA","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Klein et al. 2018)","plainCitation":"(Klein et al. 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":111,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/462XGLW9"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/462XGLW9"],"itemData":{"id":111,"type":"article-journal","title":"Female Genital Mutilation: Health Consequences and Complications—A Short Literature Review","container-title":"Obstetrics and gynecology international","volume":"2018","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"Female Genital Mutilation","author":[{"family":"Klein","given":"Elliot"},{"family":"Helzner","given":"Elizabeth"},{"family":"Shayowitz","given":"Michelle"},{"family":"Kohlhoff","given":"Stephan"},{"family":"Smith-Norowitz","given":"Tamar A."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Klein et al. 2018). This results in sewer bleeding and might result in releasing of bacteria, which might result in infibulation. Since in many parts of the World, the mutilation is carried on by some religious scholar or an ordinary pharmacist, it is thus not recommended. The authors have mentioned that from around one hundred such cases there are chances that fifteen out of them could develop the symptoms of infibulation. Since the article has focused on the adverse consequences of the FGM, it goes on to mention that the medical scientists have till yet not found any positive outcomes of the FGM, as compared to that in the males. Taking this perspective forward, the authors have cited various examples which illustrate that despite performing the FGM, there have no cases reported which shows that it is a beneficial thing for the Women. The authors have based their opinions on the basis of human rights as well. They claim that since it is a violation of the basic human right, it has been reported by performing some religious leaders and it develops complications, then what reason remains behind for making it a legal practice in the Medical field. The article provides readers with a societal view of the FGM. The authors claim that since it is a practice observed in the African or the Sub- Saharan region, and in some parts of Asia, therefore this requires raising the awareness in these regions by the International organizations. The article is important in getting a thorough understanding of the medical complexities about FGM, and how and why this practice is still considered a part of social norms in many parts of the World.

The article titled Research gaps in the care of women with female genital mutilation: an analysis is an important study to analyze the situation confronted by the women after going through the FGM procedure. The authors have mentioned that once a total or the partial removal of the Genitalia is completed, it then requires much care in treating such patients. The author goes on to mention that the FGM has resulted in the development of the psychophysical complications in the women ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"Vew85bhz","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Abdulcadir, Rodriguez, and Say 2015)","plainCitation":"(Abdulcadir, Rodriguez, and Say 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":114,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/JSNXHSI3"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/JSNXHSI3"],"itemData":{"id":114,"type":"article-journal","title":"Research gaps in the care of women with female genital mutilation: an analysis","container-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology","page":"294–303","volume":"122","issue":"3","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"Research gaps in the care of women with female genital mutilation","author":[{"family":"Abdulcadir","given":"Jasmine"},{"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Maria Ines"},{"family":"Say","given":"Lale"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Abdulcadir, Rodriguez, and Say 2015). This article is important in the literature as it talks about the psychophysical attributes attached to the FGM procedure. In the article, many relevant data has been cited. These figures of the United Nations and of many non- governmental organizations suggest that the psychophysical effects remain far living. The authors have presented a study by linking the worse biological conditions of the FGM, with that of the psychological issues. They mention that in such cases, the FGM has been observed creating complexities instead of creating healthy medical conditions for the women. There is another perspective provided by the author in the article. The authors claim in the article that the girls in the African region, in the Sub- Saharan region and in some parts of Asia are observed applying for the migrations to the European countries, in America and in Australia and Canada. They mention that these trends indicate that how the FGM is creating worse conditions for the societies in Europe and other countries. This article is important in many ways. There are some researches on the FGM which includes the biological complications, and the medical conditions attached to them. This article is different in many ways. For example, it provides the readers with an understanding of the biological complication with the psychological impacts of the FGM and finally the global impact of the FGM. The authors have substantiated their research on the basis the figures released by the United Nations and many NGOs.

The article titled Why Some Women Choose to Get Circumcised published in The Atlantic opposes every general view about the FGM in the society. The writer has justified the arguments mostly on the basis of societal norms. He mentions that in the African region it is a practice performed among the elderly women ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"CkL95Vho","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Khazan 2015)","plainCitation":"(Khazan 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":116,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/SRDUPK8I"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/SRDUPK8I"],"itemData":{"id":116,"type":"article-journal","title":"Why some women choose to get circumcised","container-title":"The Atlantic","volume":"4","issue":"08","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Khazan","given":"Olga"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Khazan 2015). His views are opposite to what the biology of the FGM suggests. Since his research is based significantly on the basis of social sciences perspective, therefore there remain significant gaps in the understanding of him about the Subject. The views expressed by him suggest that not a medical, but a religious solution be sought out if the FGM is that much disturbing for the elderly women and the young girls. This article has presented much differently the conceptions and the medical complications attached to the FGM. Since it is based on the social science perspective, it requires many considerations. The purpose of mentioning this article here is to view the FGM with a contrary perspective.

References:

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Abdulcadir, Jasmine, Maria Ines Rodriguez, and Lale Say. 2015. “Research Gaps in the Care of Women with Female Genital Mutilation: An Analysis.” BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 122(3): 294–303.

Khazan, Olga. 2015. “Why Some Women Choose to Get Circumcised.” The Atlantic 4(08).

Klein, Elliot, et al. 2018. "Female Genital Mutilation: Health Consequences and Complications—A Short Literature Review.” Obstetrics and gynecology international 2018.