Ethical Health Promotion

Ethical Health Promotion

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Ethical Health Promotion

Introduction

There are numerous ethical concerns when it comes to a broad perspective on health promotion. Identification of these concerns is necessary to offer better strategies to ensure ethical healthcare services for all patients. Individual’s right to autonomy is recognized as one major ethical issue that impacts the phenomenon of health promotion. It is a critical approach for healthcare providers to ensure a suitable form of autonomy of decision making for patients. This specific ethical issue is explored by researchers in the article, “new perspectives on substituted relational autonomy for shared decision-making in critical care.” This paper focuses to critically examine the arguments presented by researchers in this article to determine the actual role of healthcare professionals in this context.

Discussion

Summary of Issue of Individual’s Right to Autonomy in Healthcare

The concept of autonomy is usually defined as the legitimate right of patients to make decisions in case of their own medical care. Undoubtedly, it is one complex phenomenon for healthcare providers to develop a necessary and accurate line of restriction when it comes to giving authority of decision to the patients. The patient-centered approach of healthcare made it essential to gives the right to autonomy to the individuals. This specific principle is a point of debate mainly in case of end-of-life situation ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"Pk2Ftg64","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Grignoli, Di Bernardo, & Malacrida, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Grignoli, Di Bernardo, & Malacrida, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1312,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/7Hi3kAOD/items/IPDUFVGJ"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/7Hi3kAOD/items/IPDUFVGJ"],"itemData":{"id":1312,"type":"article-journal","title":"New perspectives on substituted relational autonomy for shared decision-making in critical care","container-title":"Critical care","page":"260","volume":"22","issue":"1","author":[{"family":"Grignoli","given":"Nicola"},{"family":"Di Bernardo","given":"Valentina"},{"family":"Malacrida","given":"Roberto"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Grignoli, Di Bernardo, & Malacrida, 2018). This specific issue leads to some form of conflict or ethical concern in the case of providing the necessary authority to the patients about their own healthcare and matters of treatment.

It is one major challenge in the medical field to establish the respect and dignity of patients during the process of healthcare services. The principle of autonomy for patients is ranked as one moral value concerning the main idea of ethics in the field of healthcare. This specific principle mostly turned as a major concern because critically ill patients are not able to provide their consent in case of intensive care unit.

Role of Healthcare Professionals

The critical role of healthcare professionals to assure the principle of autonomy can never be ignored. It is the core responsibility of healthcare professionals to give necessary value to the decision of patients during the entire treatment process. The phenomenon of patient autonomy permits healthcare providers to provide useful knowledge to patients about their health concerns ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"IcRC1Ryj","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Pautex et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Pautex et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1313,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/7Hi3kAOD/items/4YYCUGB9"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/7Hi3kAOD/items/4YYCUGB9"],"itemData":{"id":1313,"type":"article-journal","title":"Advance directives and end-of-life decisions in Switzerland: role of patients, relatives and health professionals","container-title":"BMJ supportive & palliative care","page":"475-484","volume":"8","issue":"4","author":[{"family":"Pautex","given":"Sophie"},{"family":"Gamondi","given":"Claudia"},{"family":"Philippin","given":"Yves"},{"family":"Gremaud","given":"Grégoire"},{"family":"Herrmann","given":"François"},{"family":"Camartin","given":"Cristian"},{"family":"Vayne-Bossert","given":"Petra"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Pautex et al., 2018). Moreover, this principle never permits health care professionals to make the decision on behalf of the patient. It is one basic responsibility of healthcare providers to respect the dignity of all patients and support them in the form of patient autonomy.

Consideration of Specific Theories and Ethical Codes

Identification of specific ethical theories is major step to provide necessary inference in case debate of patient autonomy. Consideration of virtue ethics is critical measure to determine the ethical concern of individuals’ autonomy concerning the idea of healthcare services. The theory of virtue ethics is directly linked with practical application of healthcare ethics. This theoretical approach can also be used in case of particular health concern of individuals’ consent about their treatment. The ethical code related to virtue ethics makes it essential for healthcare professionals to implement a morally correct decision when it comes to giving legitimate right of decision making to patients ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"eNHosJfd","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Hartvigsson, Munthe, & Forsander, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Hartvigsson, Munthe, & Forsander, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1314,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/7Hi3kAOD/items/2IDKNZJ6"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/7Hi3kAOD/items/2IDKNZJ6"],"itemData":{"id":1314,"type":"article-journal","title":"Error trawling and fringe decision competence: Ethical hazards in monitoring and address patient decision capacity in clinical practice","container-title":"Clinical Ethics","page":"126-136","volume":"13","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Hartvigsson","given":"Thomas"},{"family":"Munthe","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Forsander","given":"Gun"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Hartvigsson, Munthe, & Forsander, 2018). The theoretical perspective of deontological ethics also provides critical direction concerning the domain of ethical health promotion. This theoretical perspective is a clear indication that human actions are activities related to the fundamental principles of obligation and duty.

Conclusion

In a nutshell, it is critical to indicate that the issue of individual autonomy is one debatable concern that requires the active involvement of all the shareholders. The role of healthcare professionals is mandatory to create a necessary balance when it comes to giving essential right of freedom and decision-making to patients.

References

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Grignoli, N., Di Bernardo, V., & Malacrida, R. (2018). New perspectives on substituted relational autonomy for shared decision-making in critical care. Critical Care, 22(1), 260.

Hartvigsson, T., Munthe, C., & Forsander, G. (2018). Error trawling and fringe decision competence: Ethical hazards in monitoring and address patient decision capacity in clinical practice. Clinical Ethics, 13(3), 126–136.

Pautex, S., Gamondi, C., Philippin, Y., Gremaud, G., Herrmann, F., Camartin, C., & Vayne-Bossert, P. (2018). Advance directives and end-of-life decisions in Switzerland: Role of patients, relatives and health professionals. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care, 8(4), 475–484.