Pro-Choice, the Right Thing
Name
[Institutional Affiliation(s)]
Pro-Choice, the Right Thing
Abortion is defined as the termination of a pregnancy. The debate on abortion deals with the right and wrong of intentionally ending a pregnancy before the normal delivery of the child. Abortion is a painful topic for both men and women who are facing a moral dilemma of whether to terminate the pregnancy or not. There are different points of view regarding abortion. Some believe that abortion is morally wrong and should be made illegal, whereas, others think that abortion should be legal. The main purpose of this essay is to set an argument that claims that abortion is wrong and should be illegal and the essay will determine how different movements scrutinized the concept of pro-choice ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>AL-Hadrawi</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>1409</RecNum><DisplayText>(AL-Hadrawi, 2016)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>1409</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="axzrwpxxqvwtw5evsf3xrer2arfwsa5f0e5d" timestamp="1577129150">1409</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>AL-Hadrawi, H</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Is it moral to kill an innocent person? The moral dilemma of abortion</title><secondary-title>International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research</full-title></periodical><pages>792-795</pages><volume>7</volume><number>8</number><dates><year>2016</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(AL-Hadrawi, 2016).
There are some exceptions in which abortion can be considered as morally right such as abortion after rape and when there is some complication in pregnancy which could endanger a woman's life. In the last few years, several laws regarding abortion have been passed in the United States that restrict women to have an abortion. The two main positions on the abortion morality are viewed as "pro-life" and "pro-choice". The "pro-life" position states that abortion is wrong and prohibited as a fetus holds the same moral values as another person. On the other hand, the pro-choice position states that induced abortion is morally right and allowed. Many moral issues are present in healthcare but abortion is the most difficult moral issue that includes at least two people ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"EAPGxSxL","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones et al., 2018). The supporters of abortion distinguish between a person and a human being according to specific criteria. According to them, "Human is a biological and factual term, whereas, 'person' is an evaluative term which implies to the right of life”.
Another ethical issue that is associated with abortion is a personal right of a woman over the life of an unborn child and her body ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"2XKmYMsS","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). The proponent believes that women have a right to care for their bodies and do what they want to do without repression of that right. According to the proponent, abortion is a moral decision that only belongs to a woman. It is a right of a woman to accept or reject anything that may affect her life economically, socially, and physically, therefore, a woman should be free to decide whether to carry her fetus or to abort it ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"EAPGxSxL","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones et al., 2018). According to the opponents, abortion is not only linked with the mother's life but also the fetus, therefore, a woman should not have the right to control the fetus's life. Most of the antiabortionists agreed that it is wrong to kill an innocent person ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"2XKmYMsS","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). Abortion is an intentional killing of a fetus to terminate the pregnancy. Debates about abortion usually focus on laws and politics. A fetus is biologically human and therefore, killing a human being is wrong. Much of the debate about abortion legality involves fetus legal status. If the fetus is considered as a person then anti-choice activists argue that abortion is murder and should be illegal. Being pregnant means that there is a new life that is growing inside the woman's body ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a1fagjsr3g2","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones, Ingerick, & Jerman, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones, Ingerick, & Jerman, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones, Ingerick, & Jerman, 2018). According to the pro-choice group, it is a moral right of every woman to decide about her body and the right of abortion is important for women to attain their full potential. Banning abortion can also put the lives of women at risk, therefore, this group argues that women's right to abortion should be made part of the pregnancy right portfolio as this will enable women to have a free choice regarding terminating a pregnancy ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Imber</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>1411</RecNum><DisplayText>(Imber, 2017)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>1411</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="axzrwpxxqvwtw5evsf3xrer2arfwsa5f0e5d" timestamp="1577129261">1411</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Imber, Jonathan B</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Abortion and the private practice of medicine</title></titles><dates><year>2017</year></dates><publisher>Routledge</publisher><isbn>1315083175</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Imber, 2017). According to this group, abortion right is also important for gender equality and a woman should be regarded as a person, not just a fetus container. Therefore, it is very important to consider the right of abortion for women. If women are restricted to abort an unwanted pregnancy, they are deprived of this right. In order to have full social, economic, and political equality with men, it is necessary to provide women free access to abortion and to have the same moral status as men ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a1fagjsr3g2","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones, Ingerick, & Jerman, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones, Ingerick, & Jerman, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones, Ingerick, & Jerman, 2018). Women need to have complete rights over their bodies and an objection to this argument is that all people are subject to different restrictions and do not have the full right to control their bodies ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Gehring</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>1413</RecNum><DisplayText>(Gehring & Galston, 2017)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>1413</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="axzrwpxxqvwtw5evsf3xrer2arfwsa5f0e5d" timestamp="1577129338">1413</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book Section">5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Gehring, Verna V</author><author>Galston, William A</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The Abortion Dilemma</title><secondary-title>Philosophical Dimensions of Public Policy</secondary-title></titles><pages>3-19</pages><dates><year>2017</year></dates><publisher>Routledge</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Gehring & Galston, 2017)
The movement to advance and preserve freedom of reproduction is facing great consequence. The movements to support the women's right of abortion are not new. All these movements provide a reason for influencing people to stand behind the right of abortion for themselves as well as for others.
Pro-Choice and Conception
Pro-choice is a condition that is debated under the circumstances of political and social issues raised by almost all racial groups in the United States. The United States has declared a platform that endorses abortions rights, however, the rights are endorsed by the Democratic Party only ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a28pj7hifq7","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). Other parties have been observed with views that are in contradiction with democratic views and opinions. Some of the followers of the party have opinions that the government should be involved in the decisions of the pro-choice movements ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"2XKmYMsS","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). American Medical Association is strongly associated with pro-choice opinions and also supports abortion rights ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a1fagjsr3g2","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones, Ingerick, & Jerman, 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones, Ingerick, & Jerman, 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones, Ingerick, & Jerman, 2018). Numerous obstetricians have opposed governmental agencies and their advocacies to support the rights of abortion. Pro-choice physicians including Eugene Gu have supported the concept of rights of abortion ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"VfZdisuh","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). It has been observed that physicians believe that the growth of the fetus usually starts at the time of conception, whereas, the major organs develop from week 7 onwards.
Abortion Rights and Organizations
It has been suggested that abortions should be avoided as it is associated with chances of stillbirth or complications ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"DenAE5Vv","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). Certain organizations suggested that it should be legal and allowed in circumstances of complications, whereas, few have suggested that it should be avoided in all circumstances ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"g1E7C5ln","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones et al., 2018). Abortion rights should be given to the women to decide according to their will ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"WbXXjrvy","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones et al., 2018). It has been restricted in various racial groups to provide the decision power to women. A pregnant lady should decide whether she wants to continue her pregnancy or not ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"C0njKkzj","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones et al., 2018). Allowing abortion legally also does not mean that it is officially allowed in all conditions and openly ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"1So2xWFZ","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones et al., 2018). Certain laws have to be considered while opting for abortion ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"46qt7NT9","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). Various religious leaders and abortion rights activists have supported the concept of abortion in conditions where it is recommended by the physicians according to medical conditions.
Pro-Abortion
In certain states such as Alabama and Georgia, there are strict policies and laws regarding abortion ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"oHQONu5B","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). These states also have strict laws regarding transgender and intersex activities and have been evaluated with different concepts such as abortion is considered wrong in a way that increases the risk of death ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"dQmKFVyB","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones et al., 2018). Physicians and clinicians have proposed through various studies that abortion is considered a threat to childbirth death because women having an abortion at the age of 15 to 44 years, the risk for childbirth deaths increase by 14 times as compared to other women of the same age. Interventions that need the final decision with abortion are taken and suggested in the last options by the health care providers ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"NvTvCzyl","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). Allowing abortion choices to women are because it is her body to decide to carry the baby or opt abortion according to her situation ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"EAPGxSxL","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones et al., 2018). However, it has been observed that women usually opt to carry a baby with them unless it is a life-threatening condition for them ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"77rCSWod","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015).
Extreme policies regarding abortion restriction are usually offered by some religious groups of the United States ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"a263gejisak","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Beckman, 2017)","plainCitation":"(Beckman, 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/asGUTyRL","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/HC2IM4WB"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/HC2IM4WB"],"itemData":{"id":979,"type":"article-journal","title":"Abortion in the United States: The continuing controversy","container-title":"Feminism & Psychology","page":"101-113","volume":"27","issue":"1","author":[{"family":"Beckman","given":"Linda J."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Beckman, 2017). Therefore, allowing abortion is not a final decision to be taken by the leaders because it is dependent on several other conditions to be observed during medical complications ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"acrofr8i8u","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Rebouch\\uc0\\u233{}, 2016)","plainCitation":"(Rebouché, 2016)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/uFNm8v2N","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/APFMSQSZ"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/APFMSQSZ"],"itemData":{"id":980,"type":"article-journal","title":"Abortion rights as human rights","container-title":"Social & Legal Studies","page":"765-782","volume":"25","issue":"6","author":[{"family":"Rebouché","given":"Rachel"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2016"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Rebouché, 2016). Several congenital anomalies are associated with the pregnancy and often abortion is recommended by clinicians and physicians only in these situations ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"qiG4R3s5","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). Some certain political leaders and parties are strongly against the concept of the abortion rights movement ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"A1rwWMZx","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). Pro-abortion and rights for abortion have major differences that arise in low and middle-income countries as they have male-dominant communities ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"IKpnd36K","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015).
Few studies have been conducted by healthcare facilities that also suggest that right of abortion should be given to women ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"w1d2RBt2","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Tatalovich, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/A9JhoiYy","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/V34IVQFY"],"itemData":{"id":981,"type":"book","title":"The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study","publisher":"Routledge","ISBN":"1-315-69928-1","author":[{"family":"Tatalovich","given":"Raymond"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Tatalovich, 2015). Several laws have been implemented in the United States regarding human rights and abortion is also considered as a basic human right. Democratic Party is essentially important in this regard as it has endorsed human rights and abortion rights at various platforms as a representative despite various opposition ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"wtOkh0hx","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones et al., 2018). Supporting arguments of the pro-choice movement also encourage communities to develop decision power ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"NTjmfYxQ","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Jones et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":"pO1tovNv/BNxYT65i","uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/p8kwKNoG/items/K3QBD6DT"],"itemData":{"id":982,"type":"article-journal","title":"Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014","container-title":"Women's Health Issues","page":"212-218","volume":"28","issue":"3","author":[{"family":"Jones","given":"Rachel K."},{"family":"Ingerick","given":"Meghan"},{"family":"Jerman","given":"Jenna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Jones et al., 2018). Other supportive arguments have been put forward by the American medical association that pro-choice movement is right and abortion rights should be preserved.
References
ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Beckman, L. J. (2017). Abortion in the United States: The continuing controversy. Feminism & Psychology, 27(1), 101–113.
Jones, R. K., Ingerick, M., & Jerman, J. (2018). Differences in abortion service delivery in hostile, middle-ground, and supportive states in 2014. Women’s Health Issues, 28(3), 212–218.
Rebouché, R. (2016). Abortion rights as human rights. Social & Legal Studies, 25(6), 765–782.
Tatalovich, R. (2015). The Politics of Abortion in the United States and Canada: A Comparative Study: A Comparative Study. Routledge.
ADDIN EN.REFLIST AL-Hadrawi, H. (2016). Is it moral to kill an innocent person? The moral dilemma of abortion. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 7(8), 792-795.
Gehring, V. V., & Galston, W. A. (2017). The Abortion Dilemma Philosophical Dimensions of Public Policy (pp. 3-19): Routledge.
Imber, J. B. (2017). Abortion and the private practice of medicine: Routledge.
