INTRODUCTION
General Introductory/Thematic Statement: (general philosophical statement that introduces the topic of your essay)
The world is becoming richer but billions of people are still living in poverty. Poverty is like a curse that can destroy the social and economic growth of the nation.
Harnessing Sentences: (links topic to central idea -demonstrate how the above statements manifest themselves in your text; refer to specific details in your text to prove how the above thematic statement (s) apply to your novel
Equality is an element that can bring peace, happiness, and high-quality life. A society where few people enjoy most of the opportunities while remaining fights for the necessities cannot get rid of issues like poverty. Therefore it is important to understand the factors that lead to poverty in society.
Thesis Statement: (what, how, so what?)
The imbalance of wealth and resources’ distribution is the leading cause of poverty and it can be eradicated through the will power of society and government.
BODY PARAGRAPH MUST have a MINIMUM OF 4 BODY PARAGRAPHS IN YOUR ISU ESSAY)
Topic Sentence [main point]: (must link topic of paragraph to topic and argument of essay)
Introduce Proof #1 [sub-point] (A): (lead-in to your quote, mention evidence to something specific that happens in the story; must not contain analysis)
Overpopulation is the factor that results in an unequal distribution of wealth and opportunities.
Proof #1 (P): (quotation that reflects topic and argument of paragraph)
“A crowded society is a restrictive society; an overcrowded society becomes an authoritarian, repressive and murderous society.”
Analysis/Explanation of Proof #1 (E): (clearly prove argument of thesis to be true, this should be the longest part of the paragraph; analyzes the above quotation to prove argument of thesis, answer the so what?)
The efficient distribution of resources and wealth becomes difficult in the overpopulated nation. An increase in population also increases demand for food, shelter, cloth, healthcare, and other necessities ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"QluW3vHz","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(James F. Short)","plainCitation":"(James F. Short)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1652,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/MVJMT7QU"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/MVJMT7QU"],"itemData":{"id":1652,"type":"book","title":"Poverty, Ethnicity, And Violent Crime","publisher":"Routledge","source":"www.taylorfrancis.com","abstract":"Violent crime in America is more strongly associated with poverty and with changing social and economic conditions than with race or ethnicity, and patterns of","URL":"https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780429498114","ISBN":"978-0-429-49811-4","note":"DOI: 10.4324/9780429498114","language":"en","author":[{"family":"James F. Short","given":"Jr"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018",2,19]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",11,11]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (James F. Short). An increase in demand puts the burden on government and other suppliers of services to cope with the issue that results in either inflation or unequal distribution. Therefore, underdeveloped nations and highly populated nations both face poverty ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"vK7gFFxf","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Bourguignon and Chakravarty)","plainCitation":"(Bourguignon and Chakravarty)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1651,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/XQWSMQC6"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/XQWSMQC6"],"itemData":{"id":1651,"type":"chapter","title":"The Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty","container-title":"Poverty, Social Exclusion and Stochastic Dominance","collection-title":"Themes in Economics","publisher":"Springer","publisher-place":"Singapore","page":"83-107","source":"Springer Link","event-place":"Singapore","abstract":"Many authors have insisted on the necessity of defining poverty as a multidimensional concept rather than relying on income or consumption expenditures per capita. Yet, not much has actually been done to include the various dimensions of deprivation into the practical definition and measurement of poverty. Existing attempts along that direction consist of aggregating various attributes into a single index through some arbitrary function and defining a poverty line and associated poverty measures on the basis of that index. This is merely redefining more generally the concept of poverty, which then essentially remains a one-dimensional concept. The present paper suggests that an alternative way to take into account the multidimensionality of poverty is to specify a poverty line for each dimension of poverty and to consider that a person is poor if he/she falls below at least one of these various lines. The paper then explores how to combine these various poverty lines and associated one-dimensional gaps into multidimensional poverty measures. An application of these measures to the rural population in Brazil is also given with poverty defined on income and education.","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3432-0_7","ISBN":"9789811334320","note":"DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3432-0_7","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Bourguignon","given":"François"},{"family":"Chakravarty","given":"Satya R."}],"editor":[{"family":"Chakravarty","given":"Satya R."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2019"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",11,11]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Bourguignon and Chakravarty).
Introduce Proof #2 [sub point] (A): (transition - lead-in to your quote, mention evidence to something specific that happens in the story; must not contain analysis)
Corruption and failure of government policy become the reason for violence, inequality, and poverty.
Proof #2 (P): (quotation that reflects topic and argument of paragraph)
“Corruption is paid by the poor. Poverty is not a character failing or a lack of motivation. Poverty is a shortage of money.”
Analysis/Explanation of Proof #2 (E): (clearly prove argument of thesis to be true, this should be the longest part of the paragraph; analyzes the above quotation to prove argument of thesis, answer the so what?)
Besides factors like unemployment, illiteracy, natural disaster, and old social beliefs, various humanmade disruptions like political violence, corruption, and discrimination lead to poverty ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"x8xzEQCM","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Bhalla and Lapeyre)","plainCitation":"(Bhalla and Lapeyre)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1653,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/MSX8FVWB"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/MSX8FVWB"],"itemData":{"id":1653,"type":"book","title":"Poverty and Exclusion in a Global World","publisher":"Springer","number-of-pages":"253","source":"Google Books","abstract":"In Western Europe, the notion of social exclusion is rapidly diffusing in recent years. This book investigates the notion of social exclusion as a new way to approach social issues such as the 'new poverty' long-term-unemployment, precariousness, social polarization and disintegration. Particular attention is paid to both the global relevance of an approach in terms of social exclusion and its value compared to more conventional approaches in terms of poverty of deprivation. It is shown that social exclusion goes beyond these by explicitly embracing the relational as well as the distributional aspects of poverty and emphasizing processes. In this book, the authors explore the specific forms of social exclusion in the ongoing processes of globalization, deregulation, crisis of the welfare state, and rise of individualism.","ISBN":"978-1-349-27404-8","note":"Google-Books-ID: tkW_DAAAQBAJ","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Bhalla","given":"A. S."},{"family":"Lapeyre","given":"Frédéric"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2016",7,27]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Bhalla and Lapeyre). When government policies do not benefit the whole society equally or fail to cover major factors causing poverty, it leads to a shortage of money, which means that then people of these nations pay for it through poverty ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"AZnCRHzd","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Nolan and Whelan)","plainCitation":"(Nolan and Whelan)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1655,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/D7C235B8"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/D7C235B8"],"itemData":{"id":1655,"type":"book","title":"Resources, Deprivation, and Poverty","publisher":"Oxford University Press","source":"ideas.repec.org","abstract":"Poverty alleviation is a central aim of economic and social policy, and yet there is no consensus about what poverty means or how it is best measured. Often, the households below an income poverty line are counted as poor, but there may be no firm basis for concentrating on that particular income level. There may also be wide variations among the households below any income poverty line in terms of their actual living standards. This book explores what poverty means in developed countries, and shows that understanding and measuring it requires widening the focus beyond curent income. By using broader measures of resources and information on living patterns and concrete indicators of deprivation, it shows how those who are effectively excluded from participation in society due to a lack of resources can be more accurately identified, and the processes producing such exclusion better understood. The core issue of this book is how to define and measure poverty in relatively rich countries in a way which is valid, meaningful in the context, and valuable for policy-making. Extensive tables of data from a specially designed survey of a large representative sample of Irish households are used to illustrate this issue.","URL":"https://ideas.repec.org/b/oxp/obooks/9780198287858.html","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Nolan","given":"Brian"},{"family":"Whelan","given":"Christopher T."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1996"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",11,11]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Nolan and Whelan).
Concluding Sentence (states the significance of this paragraph relative to argument of the thesis)
The role of government is crucial to cope with the issue of poverty.
CONCLUSION
Reiteration of thesis: (in an original way; do not copy/paste thesis)
Unequal distribution of wealth and opportunities increase the risk of poverty in the nation.
Summary of arguments/points:
Poverty is caused by inequality, which destroys the economic and social growth of the nation. Overpopulation is one of the major causes that lead to inequality and poverty. In addition, government policies and political conditions also affect the poverty rate of the nation. Factors like policy failure and corruption result in a shortage of money. A shortage of money leads to an increase in demand for necessities and opportunities to avoid poverty.
Final Insight: (implications of argument/final so what moment)
The government should introduce an efficient policy that can control the major factors of income. In addition, elements like political instability and corruption should be controlled so that the government can play its role in the control of poverty.
Work Cited
ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Bhalla, A. S., and Frédéric Lapeyre. Poverty and Exclusion in a Global World. Springer, 2016.
Bourguignon, François, and Satya R. Chakravarty. “The Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty.” Poverty, Social Exclusion and Stochastic Dominance, edited by Satya R. Chakravarty, Springer, 2019, pp. 83–107. Springer Link, doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3432-0_7.
James F. Short, Jr. Poverty, Ethnicity, And Violent Crime. Routledge, 2018. www.taylorfrancis.com, doi:10.4324/9780429498114.
Nolan, Brian, and Christopher T. Whelan. Resources, Deprivation, and Poverty. Oxford University Press, 1996. ideas.repec.org, https://ideas.repec.org/b/oxp/obooks/9780198287858.html.
