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Apollo 11
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Introduction
50 years ago on 20th of July, the entire world halted for a momentary instant to witness the astounding accomplishment of humanity, the very first time when humans successfully set their foot on a new body of our solar system. This mission was named as Apollo 11 which was the first mission of humans to land on the surface of the moon. This research essay is about the Apollo 11 mission that took place in July 1969 and its impact on the world. I will further discuss how through the Apollo 11 mission, America beat the Soviet Union in the space race that started with Russias launch of the worlds first satellite, Sputnik. This mission restored confidence in the USAs scientific and military technology.
Background
The first time any human imprinted footprints on another planetary body were on the 20th of July, 1969. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first humans who ever landed on the surface of the moon. They also took samples from its surface on their way back to Earth. Apollo 11 successfully accomplished its primary mission with these two astronauts. Spacecraft of Apollo 11 was launched at 133200 UT from Cape Kennedy on the 16th of July 1969. The S-IVB engine of Apollo 11 was ignited again after 2 hours and 33 minutes in the orbit of Earth, to accelerate spacecraft to overcome the gravity of Earth and make an escape from its downward pull. After entering in the lunar orbit, photographs were taken which delivered extensive views for the research of lunar geology.
After landing on the moon, as a contingency measure, Aldrin and Armstrong immediately set the lunar module (LM) for the liftoff. At the request of astronauts, following the scheduled sleep and meal, the period was postponed, and they started arrangements for the descent to the surface of the moon. Neil Armstrong was the first one who emerged out from the spacecraft with Modularized Equipment Stowage Assembly. While he was landing he released MESA through which television camera of the surface was deposited, this way first step of human was recorded on the moon. From the lunar surface, lunar material was gathered and packed to make sure that astronauts get something for research on their way back to Earth. After Neil, Aldrin was the second one to land on the surface of the moon.
Both of these astronauts performed scheduled series of activities which involved the assemblage of bigger sample of lunar material, panoramic photographs of lunar horizon and the area near the site of landing, placement of the experiment of Solar Wind Composition, close-up photographs of the surface material of moon, Passive Seismic Experiment Package and Laser-Ranging Retro reflector deployment, and gathering of lunar surfaces two core-tube samples. After landing to the lunar surface, around two hours both astronauts started preparations of reentering into the lunar module. After that, both astronauts slept. Around 21 and a half hours of the lunar landing, descend from the surface of the moon started. The command module entered in the Earths atmosphere with 11,032 meters per second velocity and successfully landed in the Pacific Ocean.
Space race
The space race between Russia and America had a significant role in the cold war. In 1957, October and November Sputnik 1 and Sputnik 2 were launched by the Soviet Union respectively, and they elevated superiority of the Soviet Union in the missile technology. This superiority galvanized the United States of America. America instantly started its struggles and initiated its research to give a response to the efforts of the Soviet Union for conquering the space. This matter became the concern of government, many hearings and meetings regarding this matter started.
The remarkable launch disaster of the US Vanguard TV-3 rocket fueled the urgency of the scenario, and it would have been the first satellite of America in the eyes of the world press. The U.S. Senate and House established a committee only 1 month after the Johnson hearings, to see if a civilian space organization needs to be established. The organization later came to be known as NASA. Galloway managed to successfully lobby changing it from an agency and having it designated as an Administration, in order to provide it with a wider authority to collect resources from other governmental entities. President Eisenhower, initially hesitant, later agreed to form the organization and worked with Congress, which was then mostly made up of the Democrats, to initiate steps for the creation of NASA. The Congress passed The National Aeronautics and Space Act which was signed by the President in the month of July 1958 but NASA officially opened the business on the 1st of October 1958.
Later in 1961, Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin of the Soviet Union became the first ever man to conquer the space. It increased the pressure on the United States of America to speed up in research and technology. As it was a sign which showed the strength of the military of the Soviet Union. It was the aim of NASA and the United States of America to do more than just sending their astronauts to space. After a lot of struggles of researchers, scientists and government, the mission of Apollo 11 were set, eight years later after Russia successfully conquered the space. No man has ever been on any other planetary body, efforts of United States of America and NASA together made it possible to send first ever humans in history to set their feet on the moon. While the plan of its voyage was out, it has been noticed that a lot the entire world was passionate about this mission and curious to see its success. Man landing on a moon was an entirely separate concept than going into space, it invoked the enthusiasm of millions. Since the day Armstrong set his feet on the surface of the moon, it entirely changed the course of history and gave mankind a new way of conquering space bodies.
Impact of Apollo 11 on the entire world
Apollo 11 was the most inspirational and moving space mission which became the doorway for the emergence of unlimited ideas. It opened many minds to innovate brilliant technologies. People embrace the idea that there is no limit to dreams and there are a million impossibilities that are waiting for someone to make them possible. Apollo 11s flight 11 met with a wonderful and an ecstatic reaction all around the world as the millions witnessed the successful moments of the astronauts. All around the world, front pages of newspaper highlighted how powerfully the whole world was interested in it. According to the estimation of NASA, radio and television of every country and region broadcasted the coverage of this mission and nearly half of the population of this planet was aware of the Apollo 11s event and were supremely enthusiastic about it. However, the Soviet Union tried to jam the broadcasts of the event but many people belonging to it and other countries were eager and passionate to know about the wondrous adventure of mankind and followed it carefully. According to the reports of police, it was noted that streets of various cities were quiet while the Moonwalk. All the residents were watching the coverage related to this mission live on television in bars, public places, home and wherever they could. Many presidents and head of the state poured down lots of congratulations to the United States of America, astronauts and NASA and even the informal ones couldnt resist sending greetings. All the nations who were in regular diplomatic relations with the U.S. sent their heartiest wishes for successfully conquering the most adventurous conquest of mankind.
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