Research Critique Resources

Research Critique Resources

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Research Critique Resources

Article 1:

The specific type of data used to conduct the analysis included the information from the United States Border Patrol (USBP) Border Safety Initiative (BSI) Incident Tracking System. In addition to it, a number of other researches related to the field were employed for the sake of conducting analysis and evaluation (Guerette, 2007).

No specific sampling procedure was utilized by the researchers except differentiating data on the basis of dependent and independent variables.

The dependent variable of the study was the frequency of the individual migrant deaths. National as well as state vital registration systems were utilized to collect data about the death rate of the migrants.

The key findings of the research study highlighted that the operationalization of the Border Safety Initiative (BSI) did not play an effective role in reducing the death rate of illegal immigrants. However, the programs like Border Search Trauma and Rescue (BORSTAR) and Lateral Repatriation Program (LRP) proved greatly efficient in rescuing the illegal immigrants and transferring them to the safer places (Guerette, 2007).

One of the most important limitations of the research study is the fact that the data of the illegal immigrant death has not been recorded systematically, which poses questions towards the authenticity of the research study. Another limitation of the research study is that apart from the border patrol, number of the other services were also playing their role in rescuing the migrants, which also raises questions on the findings of the research study. The third limitation of the study is that border patrol had been against the humanitarian services for the illegal migrants, which raises the question on their later services and on research study as well.

Article 2:

The research design utilized to conduct the research study was multiple time series design (MTS) from the quasi-experimental research designs.

The specific type of data used to conduct the analysis was the city-level time-series cross-section data for one hundred and eighty-eight cities of the united states of America, most of which had a population of hundred thousand or even more. The data was collected for almost two decades, ranging from the 1980s through 2000. Out of one hundred eighty-eight cities, which had a population of more than a hundred thousand in 1990, one hundred and ten cities were from the states which had passed the three strike laws during the years of 1993 to 1996 (Kovandzic, Sloan III, & Vieraitis, 2004).

No specific sampling procedure was employed in the research study, except the fact that cities with a population of a hundred and thousand citizens or more were included in the researcher study.

The dependent variables of the study included the rates of robbery, homicide, assault, burglary, rape, motor vehicle theft and larceny (Kovandzic, Sloan III, & Vieraitis, 2004).

The key findings of the research study highlighted that there was a positive association between the three strikes laws and the homicide rates, in those cities where three strikes laws were applicable. In addition to it, the research study also highlighted that there was no positive impact on the reduced rate of crime, in the cities where three strikes laws were applied (Kovandzic, Sloan III, & Vieraitis, 2004).

One of the most important limitations of the research study is the threat to the validity as the research was conducted over the course of years, the patterns of crimes and the management of the society kept changing which would have played an important role in changing the statistics, however, not accounted in the research study. Another limitation of the research study is its reliability as the data was collected from a large number of populations, which could have impacted the results of the study. Another limitation of the research study is that the difference in the state laws could have played an important role in defining the changed rate of crime in any society and thus impacted the results of the study.

Article 3:

The research design utilized in this particular research study is the multiple time series research design for collecting the longitudinal data, over the course of ten years (D'Alessio, Stolzenberg, & Terry III, 1999).

The specific type of data used to conduct the analysis was information about the fatal crashed on the public roads of the United States of America, which was collected from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS).

No specific sampling procedure was employed in the research study apart from focusing on the crashes caused by drunk driving.

The dependent variables of the research study included the fatal crashes on the highway which were related to alcohol during the time span of eight in the night to eight in the morning. The other dependent variable of the research study was the non-alcohol related fatal crashes on the highway within the same time period of the first dependent variable (D'Alessio, Stolzenberg, & Terry III, 1999).

The key findings of the research study highlighted that there was 2.5 per cent likelihood of the decreased fatal crash rate due to the implementation of the emergency program; however, the rate of drunk driving was not affected by it (D'Alessio, Stolzenberg, & Terry III, 1999).

One of the most important limitations of the research study is that the central question of the research study was not wide-ranging but a limited one. Another limitation is that the results of the research study are not applicable to the general society and depict the patterns of only the unit of assessment. The third limitation is that the research study has not highlighted the importance of emergency cellular telephone programs with clarity which could provide the base for generalization.

References

D'Alessio, S. J., Stolzenberg, L., & Terry III, W. C. (1999). “Eyes on the Street”: The Impact of Tennessee's Emergency Cellular Telephone Program on Alcohol-Related Fatal Crashes. Crime & Delinquency, 45(4), 453-466.

Guerette, R. T. (2007). Immigration policy, border security, and migrant deaths: an impact evaluation of life‐saving efforts under the border safety initiative. Criminology & public policy, 6(2), 245-266.

Kovandzic, T. V., Sloan III, J. J., & Vieraitis, L. M. (2004). “Striking out” as crime reduction policy: The impact of “three strikes” laws on crime rates in US cities. Justice Quarterly, 21(2), 207-239.