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Quiz 5
What is the Trait Theory Trait theory is concerned with measuring human traits as everyone is born with inherited characteristics, the theory the studies the personality or characteristics of human beings.
What is social biology
It is an area of scientific learning which is founded on the hypothesis that social behavior is a consequence of evolution and it, therefore, attempts to clarify and inspect social behavior within this framework. What are the four principles of social biology
The function (adaptation)
The evolutionary process (phylogeny)
The development of the individual (ontogeny)
The proximate mechanism (hormones, brain anatomy).
What is Contemporary Trait Theory
This theoryproclaims that an individual is made up of a set offixed predisposition characteristicsknown as traits. These traits or characteristics of an individual is unique and frequently long-lasting feature that makes him or her, unlike others.
What is the Individual Vulnerability Model It is a HYPERLINK https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology o Psychology psychological conceptthat tries to clarify a condition, or its course, as the consequence of a collaboration concerning a predisposition susceptibility and stress triggered by life experiences. There is a large number of differences that subsists among individuals vulnerabilities to the growth of this condition. What is the Differential Susceptibility Model Differential Susceptibility Model proposes that an individuals progressiveness andemotional affectare differentially vulnerable to life experiences or qualities of the surroundings. What could trigger and benefit this type of personality The effects and benefits of this type of personality depend on the strengths and weaknesses of the individuals. For instance, life experiences good or bad, family relations, though processing, etc. can benefit or have adverse effects on different individuals. What is the Twinkie defense It is a sarcastic label tag for those who provide an unconvincing HYPERLINK https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_(legal) o Defense (legal) legal defense. In jurisprudence, Twinkie defense is not a documented legal defense. For instance, a criminal saying that some unknown entity or a ghost made me perform a criminal act would be a Twinkie defense. What is testosterone and how may it affect the behavior of males and females It is a hormone that is found in all human being and animals as well. Primarily, the testicles produce testosterone in men. In women, the ovaries make the testosterone but in a small amount. These hormones regulate many functions of the body and therefore, can result in positive and negative behaviors such as sex drive, energy or anger, stress, and depression.
What is hypoglycemia It is a disorder that is initiated by a very low level of glucose or blood sugar levels. Glucose or blood sugar levels is the key energy source of the human body. What is PMS and how does it affect the female It is an amalgamation of emotional and physical signs that most of the females get after ovulation and before the beginning of their menstrual phase. PMS usually results in depression and anxiety, fatigue, bladder pain syndromes, and Irritable bowel syndrome, etc. What are the effects of lead exposure Contact with lead may result in a number of negative health effects in delicate populaces as it affects various organs of the body. The effects are usually dependent on the magnitude of exposure and the behavioral and physiologic features of the exposed individual etc. Some of the effects are Hematologic Effects, renal effects and effects on the central nervous system.
What is ASD and what are its effects
ASD refers to Autism. It is a condition that originates in early childhood and has severe incapacitating effects on the development of a child concerning social and developmental life.The main causes of ASD are not yet established and as a consequence ASD cannot be stopped or cured. ASD effects on communication skills, non-verbal skills, language development issues, etc.
What is Conduct disorder CD is a frequent and tenacious pattern of behavior in which the basic social rules and rights are violated. The juvenile or young usually with CD usually displays these conduct patterns at home or in other social situations and cause major damage to his or her social, and academic functioning. How do children with CD act Children with CD usually displays violence toward other people and animals, bullies or intimidates others, initiate fights, property damage and other serious rule violations.
What is ADHD and how does it affect them This is a brain illness marked by a continuing array of negligence and/or impulsivity that obstructs with development or functioning. The effects of ADHD includes in trouble of paying response, being hyperactive, acting without consequences in mind, etc.
What is Arousal theory
This theory proposes that individuals are driven to act in a way that will help them sustain an optimal level of physical stimulation or arousal. What are three possible facts about genetics and criminality MAOA and a variant of CDH13 are two genes that are linked with violence. MAOA is responsible for controlling the quantity of serotonin and dopamine in the human brain while CDH13 is linked with ADHD and drug abuse. Thus, these genes and criminality can be associated.
What does adoption have to do with criminality Numerous aspects add to an adopted kid possibility of suffering from a behavioral illness or criminality, such as age and location of adoption, conditions that the child faced, history of mental sicknesses in the family, etc.
What do twins have to do with criminality
The probability of the other twin in the engagement of criminal activity if the one twin engages in such activity was found to be 50 percent among the MZ pairs and 20 percent among the DZ twins. The association among the innate nearness of the biological affiliation and crime was particularly correct for grave crimes and long-lasting criminal professions.
What is psychodynamic psychology It is anapproach that stresses methodical study of thepsychologicalpowers that trigger human conduct, moods, and feelings and how they are linked to previous experiences. Define ID, Ego, and superego. ID, Ego, superego are the mainideasused to clarify the way human brain functions. These are not parts but functions of the mind. According to a theory of psyche, ID is a set of uncoordinated intuitive tendencies, and it restsunconscious. Theegois the prearranged realistic portion while thesuper-ego plays the acute and moralizing part.
Attachment theory Attachment theoryargues that a robust emotional and corporealaffectionto the minimum one chief caregiver is vital to personal growth. Behavior theory This theory is earning grounded on the belief that allbehaviors or mannersare developed through training or conditioning. This training happens with collaboration with the surroundings. In other words, our reactions to environmental stimuli make our actions.
Social learning theory Akers (2017) Social Learning Theory states that individuals learn by observing, imitating, and modeling others.
What is behavioral modeling and very briefly explain its three principal sources
Behavior modelingmeans presenting people with guidance or actions to make them learn how to perform or behave in a certain way or guiding them through the course of replicating the modeledbehavior. The three key sources of behavioral modeling are Mass media exposure, environmental experiences, and family interactions. What are the links between media violence and violent behavior Media is a medium that permits people to see and observe violence on a daily basis, which might very well lead to violence or aggressive behaviors or thoughts. A strong link has been documented in this regards.
What four factors may contribute to violent behavior There is no precise explanation for violent behavior however, numerous elements may add to it such as alcohol drug abuse, history of controlling others, an account of physical struggles, excessive need for consideration or admiration, early childhood mistreatment or abandonment, etc.
What is Cognitive theory Cognitive theory backs up the idea that before any feeling or action there is a thought process. The theory is, therefore, dedicated to the persons opinions as the determinate of his or her feelings and conducts and hence personality. What is the Informational Processing Theory Information processing theory deliberates the instruments with the means of which learning transpires. Especially, it emphasizes the features of memory encoding and retrieval. How do mental scripts affect behavior Mental scriptsare referred to as the default criterions that are likely to take place in a specific situation in other words, and they are a structure of predictable behaviors for a particular circumstance. These mental scripts drive the behaviors of individuals in various situations. What is personality The differences in characteristics, patterns of thinking, sensitivity, and behaviors is what makes the personality of each person. What is the difference between an extrovert and introvert An introvert is a person who is aloof or detached and usually does not open up or indulge in conversations or relationships. An extrovert is an individual who is into social gatherings, is talkative and makes friends easily. What is antisocial personality An antisocial personality disorder is also known as sociopathy. It is a mental disorder in which an individual regularly displays no respect for right and wrong and overlooks the feelings and rights of other individuals.
What is Nature and Nurture theory
Nature is a pre-wired characteristic. Nature is subject to many biological factors such as genetic inheritance. Nurture is the influence by-product of external influences after conception, for example, life experiences.
Mood disorder Mood disorder comes under elevatedmood illnesses, for instance, hypomania or mania. It is a cycle between depression and mania.
Oppositional defiant disorder ODD is a juvenile behavioral disorder characterized by persistent noncompliance and aggression.
Schizophrenia Schizophreniais a long-lasting and a serious mental sickness that disturbs how individual acts, thinks and feels. Individuals withthis illnessmay look like they are not in touch with reality. Bipolar disorder Bipolar disorder is a mental disorderthat causes phases of despair or depression and phases of abnormally raised up mood or mood swings. Briefly, what are five factors that involve mental illness and criminal behavior Attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, etc.
What is the primary and secondary prevention program
Preventing an injury or a disease before it occurs is known as primary prevention. This is a program that aims to inhibitexposures to risks that may cause illnesses or injuries.
An effort to reduce the impact of an injury or a disease that has already been inflicted is called secondary prevention for instance, regular examination and screening assessments to identify the illness in its initial phases.
References
Akers, R., 2017.Social learning and social structure A general theory of crime and deviance. Routledge.
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