Wine And Beverage Management
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Wine And Beverage Management
Part 1
Barossa Valley (South Australia)
South Australia is a region in the state of Australia which is mainly known for the production of wine. It is considered as the most contributive region out of all wine-producing regions in the state of Australia. The region contributes almost 50% to the annual production of wine of the entire wine industry.The region of Barossa valley, specifically ensures even more than half of the production of the region (Grant et.al, 2015). The region is a competitive wine sector in the wine industry of Australia. It is also known as the home of wine production in South Australia and entire Australia as it is the oldest, historic and most famous region.
There are several restrictions which were introduced for the purpose to save the vines of Barossa Valley and the region from phylloxera to make sure that the status of grape growing has been kept by the state. The region of Barossa Valley is a diverse region comparatively from a warm climate temperature maritime precincts as well as a hot and a cooler climate such as Adelaide Hills and Region of Riverland on the Murray River (Overton, Murray, & Howson, 2019).
Veneto
Veneto is a northeastern Italian region which is located in the northeast of Italy. The cooler conditions of the area is well suited for the production of wine as well as to the white varietals like Garganega which is the main grape in the Soave wines.
The region is one of the most wine-producing regions in the country and is highly known for the production of Sparkling Prosecco wine. This wine is produced in the region of Valdobbiadene and is mainly famous for the substitute of most of the other expensive wines. The cool climate of the region helps to grow and produce some fresh and crisp white wines. Beyond that, many red wines are also produced in the areas closer to the region of Veneto.
The main players of the global wine industry and main producers of wine (Italy, Spain, France, and the US) has shown a decline in the production of wine one of the smaller region of the world (Australia) witnessed the production of 5.5% of the world’s wine production. The state was ranked as 5th in the world in 2017 (World Comparisons – Winetitles, 2019). In terms of higher production and export of wine, Italy is the largest wine producer and exporter to international markets and countries.
Part 2
History and the Development of Wine & Other Beverages
Barossa Valley
Barossa is one of the most credible and high-quality wine-producing regions in the state of Australia. If someone is interested to study and analyze the wine industry and production in Australia, then it is recommended for him to get involved in the historical study of Barossa valley. There are 6 grape growing families in the wine region of Barossa. They are the custodian to the collection of old vines of Australia since 1840-1841.
Different varieties of the region such as Shiraz, Mataro, and Grenache are joined in recent years. This has been done for the development and production of wine in the region. Despite this, some actions are usually taken for maintaining the required climate and soils suited for better production and even the development of wine in the region (Powell, 2019).
The very early focus of the region was on the production of Riesling, which is a German wine grape. Port-style wines are considered as the centre of the Barossa Valley for several decades. The region was and is considered as the superior wine region when compared to other regions especially to the regions with cooler climate because of the development and production it delivers. The Shiraz was considered as a valuable wine product of the region in the wine market while it was, and still popular in the worldwide market place. The climate of the region is much cooler and that is the actual reason because of that a quality wine is produced by the region compared to other regions of the state. Further, the region and its reputation began to change in the 20th century as the number of varieties started getting valued due to the unique quality and style on the international level. In short, the wine region of Barossa Valley became an essential and highly valued wine region of Australia.
Veneto
The Veneto is one of the oldest homes of winemaking region in Italy. It is also a known region for the production of quality and tasty wine in the world. The 3,000 years of experience in the winemaking made the region is a spectacular region for wine production. Before the Roman Empire, there were very few people living in villages and small cities while the wine produced in the region was simply consumed by the people live in the region. The winemaking was not a livelihood for the people but it had become a hobby of them. The Romans were the people who changed the view and dedicated/gave a huge amount of land for the grapevines. The Roman Empire also began to settle the region and made it known as Verona and Venice (World Comparisons – Winetitles, 2019). With the time, the winemaking and production of vine grape got enhancement with a huge pace.
After the time, the area/region has been reflected as one of the most productive regions of Italy that produces wine of good quality, taste, and style than a number of other regions of the country. Hence, in short, the Veneto became the home of winemaking to the very first Italian school for the production of the vine in the year of 1885 while the most crucial and important wine fair of the nation took place for the first time. Hence, it became the very first wine tourism road which features special signs that provide information on vines and the wines they produce until today (Garden, Fun, & Regions, 2009).
Part 3
Production of Different Styles of Wine in Barossa Valley and Veneto
The process through which different styles of wine are produced in both of the above-mentioned regions is similar to a very high extent. First of all, in both of the regions, grapes are grown almost by the same process of production and growing techniques while in harvesting, the manual and merchandise harvesting is used to harvest the grapes in both regions. In short, the entire process of producing different (mostly common) styles of wines are produced involves the following steps.
Picking the Grapes
In both regions, the vineyards start with the white grapes and then shift to red varietals. In this, the grapes are picked and collected in the lug and then proceeded or transferred to the crushing pad. This is the stage where the actual process of turning grapes into juice and then to wine get started.
In this, the grapes are cut or removed by the machines while the grapes are collected from the plants in both day and night as per the climate (Varsei, & Polyakovskiy, 2017). This is done for ensuring maximum quality and taste level.
Crushing the Grapes
This is the step in which grapes are crushed into juice. In this process of producing wine, the de-stemmer (a piece of winemaking machinery) is used to remove items from the clusters and such grapes very slightly.
After the grapes get crushed by the de-stemmer, the white grapes are shifted into the press for extracting the juice and then racked before the process of fermentation. While on the other side, red grapes are also crushed similarly but the difference is that red grapes directly go for the fermentation process as per the colour of its skin.
Fermentation
Several technologies and techniques are used in both regions to accompany different types of grapes, but this process mainly involves;
The yeast has been added to the vats so that fermentation takes place. The carbon dioxide is released where the cap is punched down or pump over for keeping the skin of grape in contact with the juice while the red grapes are pressed directly after completion of fermentation (Blandford, 2019).
Aging Wine
This is the most critical step in the production of wine. In this process, the choice has been made as per the flavour and production of different types and styles of wines. Here aging is done for different timings, different tastes, and different styles, so that the desired types of wine is produced accordingly (Karlsson, 2019).
Bottling the Wines
After the wine reaches the full expression in aging then the wine is bottled for final consumption. Here some wines are ready for use after several months where dry reds need 20 to 14 months aging time before the final bottling.
In terms of impact, the main things that even impact wine’s quality everywhere and the same happens in the region of Barossa Valley and Veneto. Hence those factors are;
Changes in climate
Grapes ripeness level
Cold soaking
Temperature of fermentation
Aging containers and their types
Capping techniques (Galbreath, Charles, & Oczkowski, 2016).
Part 4
Classifications and Legislative Requirements
The legislative requirements of related to wine production on the international level (means for both Barossa Valley and Veneto) are classified as Primary, Secondary, and Regional legislation. The legislation requirements include all of the law regulations for different aspects of the production of wine in the regions. These requirements include allowing the additives and processes of winemaking and viticulture. The legislative requirements also need winemakers to ensure legal production of wine such as fine allocation of healthy grapes, use of advanced machinery for crushing, enough aging, and bottling etc. (Garden, Fun, & Regions, 2009). In the new world wine, the legislation requirements include permitted grapes verities, and entire winemaking practices such as Italian DOC and Australian GIs need the producer to ensure everything regarding fine production of healthy wine (South Australia, 2019).
References
Varsei, M., & Polyakovskiy, S. (2017). Sustainable Supply Chain Network Design: A case of the wine industry in Australia. Omega, 66, 236-247.
Galbreath, J., Charles, D., & Oczkowski, E. (2016). The drivers of climate change innovations: evidence from the Australian wine industry. Journal of business ethics, 135(2), 217-231.
Overton, J., Murray, W. E., & Howson, K. (2019). Doing good by drinking wine? Ethical value networks and upscaling of wine production in Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. European Planning Studies, 1-19.
Grant, B., Mounter, S., Fleming, E., Griffith, G., & Villano, R. (2015). The Australian wine industry at the crossroads: A comparison of performance across major wine-exporting countries in 2000. Australasian Journal of Regional Studies.
World Comparisons - Winetitles. (2019). Winetitles. Retrieved 22 October 2019, from https://winetitles.com.au/statistics-2/world-comparisons-2/
Karlsson, P. (2019). World wine production reaches a record level in 2018, consumption is stable | BKWine Magazine |. BKWine Magazine. Retrieved 22 October 2019, from https://www.bkwine.com/features/more/world-wine-production-reaches-record-level-2018-consumption-stable/
Blandford, M. (2019). What does the colour of wine tell you?. Good Food. Retrieved 22 October 2019, from https://www.goodfood.com.au/drinks/wine/what-does-the-colour-of-a-wine-tell-you-20190417-h1dl1j
Powell, H. (2019). How climate change is affecting the Australian wine industry. Good Food. Retrieved 22 October 2019, from https://www.goodfood.com.au/drinks/wine/how-climate-change-is-affecting-the-australian-wine-industry-20190415-h1dia0
South Australia. (2019). Wine Australia: South Australia Wineaustralia.com. Retrieved 22 October 2019, from https://www.wineaustralia.com/discover-australian-wine/south-australia-wines
Garden, H., Fun, F., & Regions, I. (2009). Ultimate Guide to the Veneto Wine Region. HowStuffWorks. Retrieved 22 October 2019, from https://recipes.howstuffworks.com/food-facts/veneto-wine-region1.htm
