Unit Test #2

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11-12-2019

Unit test # 2

The northern reformers tried their best to make advances in the American Society in the antebellum period. That time was said to be the Era of Reform. Social reforms refer to any attempt that wants to correct any injustice in society. Northerners aimed to improve the quality of life and therefore were focused on the rights of slaves and women. Abolishing imprisonment for debt, antislavery, abolishing capital punishment improved prisons, the establishment of public or education institutions, women's rights (to own property) and many more issues were to be looked upon.

Northern people did well by standing against the Southern Slave Trading. More than four million African Americans were slaves especially sin the South side at that time and they worked for them without pay or freedom. Especially when cotton eventually became the main crop in the South most of them worked picking cotton on large fields. The Southern Elites also wanted a hold on decisions that were taken for other states which were not acceptable to the people at North. Eventually, some action was to be held against these cruel elites and the Northern government got involved to fight for the rights of poor and weak people so the Civil war started.

After the war, the Federalist Party faded away and North Americans started giving their opinions which stated that Europe must stop dominating and trying to control the United States and several other independent states in the Americas. The congress called for the American system. The American system consisted of spending money on banking, transportation, and communication and this system facilitates in building large cities and multiple factories, railroads and canals were also built. At the end of 1860 thousand of miles of railroads along with a telegraph lines were built mostly covering areas of both Northeast and Midwest. In the earliest period of 19th-century industrial revolution took place where many factories were also wbuilt in the Northern cities mostly producing clothes and many workers recruited included immigrant women and children from Ireland and Germany.

Cult domesticity law was introduced for American women, where most married women had to stay home and raise children and in other countries, women were all under husbands control with almost no rights, they had no identity and unmarried women had a few jobs only in the clothes factory or as maids in the houses of rich elites. In the Ante Bellum period, women like Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton gathered with all other women and fought for their rights including voting, also the women were involved in the multiple movements of women's rights and slavery abolition.

A constitution was passed for freeing slaves and making them citizens and allowing them to vote. Congress members were so angry in the South after the Civil war that they wanted to punish them. They removed some famous leaders of the South from their offices, sent soldiers to the south for governing and making them sign the amendments. Although South did not like this and placed The African Americans in lower roles, they attacked them and stopped them from voting. During this period many people immigrated to the United States from other countries like Italy, Ireland, Germany, China, etc. They were given jobs and money by the political machines in exchange for votes. Although women and slaves won and got their rights in the constitution but still their standard of living was still a mess, they were exploited by their owners or employers. The Northern always wanted to free the prisoners but they never wished to see themselves at the same level, they wanted to keep an upper hand and stand out to rule.