Theory Review Chart (Obj. 1.2, 1.3, And 2.1)

Theory Review Chart

Theoretical Framework

View of Human Nature

Key Theorists

Key Terminology

Key Concepts

Strengths/Weakness

Therapeutic Techniques

Personal View (Does this theory align with your personal view? Why or why not?

Psychodynamic

Psychoanalysis

Denial is the result of human rejection to accept subconscious thoughts.

Sigmund Frued,

Id, ego, super ego

Ego is defined as an interaction between id and super ego.

It is important for identifying psychological issues.

Relying on experiences of dream is not reliable.

Patient lies on couch and relaxes. Later he express feelings.

The theory align with my personal belief because it explain unconsciousness.

Analytical Therapy

What individual dreams becomes unconscious desire.

Carl Jung

Collective unconsciousness

Souls belongs to one’s self.

Therapy reveals unconscious state.

It is unreliable.

Patient is allowed to relax and recall his unconscious experiences.

The theory align with my personal belief because it focuses on interpreting dreams.

Individual Psychology

Feelings of inferiority is due to failure of attaining desire.

Alfred Adlar

Superiority, striving

Individual strives for superiority.

Important for identifying hidden issues.

Emphasis on childhood memories.

Counseling is used for exploring childhood memories.

The theory align with my personal belief because it stresses on reasons for struggle.

Existential-Humanistic

Existential Therapy

Help individuals to find answers.

Friedrich Nietzsche, Soren Kierkegaard

Human discontent, internal wisdom

Interpretation is used in healing process.

Strength is emphasis on autonomy.

Weakness is difficulty of relating to deep self-reflection.

Clients are assisted to affirm their existence.

The theory align with my personal belief because it is effective for healing.

Gestalt Therapy

An individual manages to explore self-identity

Fritz Perris

Person-centered therapy, empathy

Empathy is used for enhancing awareness

Strength is treatment of disorders.

Weakness is increased dependence on counselor.

Experiential techniques are used for enhancing awareness.

The theory align with my personal belief because it build strong relationship with therapist.

Person-Centered Counseling

Focuses on addressing needs of clients.

Carl Rogers

Unconditional positive regard.

The therapist use empathy for understanding client.

Strength is building trust among clients.

Weakness is client is not challenged.

The theory align with my personal belief because it addresses clients needs.

Cognitive-Behavioral

Behavior Therapy

Focused on changing behavior

B F Skinner

Classical conditioning

Reflexive response is triggered by stimulus.

Strength: effective for changing behavior.

Weakness: negative impacts due to punishment.

Reward strategy is used

The theory doesn’t align with my personal belief because it involve strict punishment.

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

Focused of removing negative thoughts

Albert Ellis

Irrational beliefs

Changing irrational beliefs

Strength: Client become aware of self.

Weakness: don’t work for everyone.

Sessions of counseling

The theory align with my personal belief because it improve emotions.

Cognitive Therapy

Focused on changing thoughts

Aaron T Beck

Changing thoughts

The therapist aims at changing negative thoughts of client.

Strength is effective for treating disorder.

Weakness: not suitable for complex mental disorders.

Sessions of counseling

The theory align with my personal belief because it transform thoughts.

Reality Therapy/Choice Theory

Helping clients to make better choices.

William Glasser

Drives and goals

Choices leads to satisfaction or dissatisfaction of drives.

Strength: clients becomes aware of choices.

Weakness: require more time

Counseling session

The theory align with my personal belief because it make client self-aware.

Post-Modern

Narrative Therapy

Promoting self-awareness.

Michael White and David Epston

Nonpathologizing, empowering

Encourage people to depend on their skills.

Strength: people objectify problem.

Weakness: solution depends on clients.

Counseling sessions.

The theory align with my personal belief because it leads to identification of problem.

Solution-Focused Brief Therapy

Encouraging clients to find solutions.

Steve de Shazer

Goal-directed behavior.

Developing goals for reaching solution.

Strength:

Weakness:

Guidance and counseling sessions.

The theory align with my personal belief because it allow client to find real solution.

Family Systems

Family Systems Theory

Promoting positive relationship of client with family.

Murray Bowen

Interlocking concepts

Approval and support improve mental condition.

Strength: promote healthy family system.

Weakness: increased dependence on family.

Guidance and counseling sessions.

The theory align with my personal belief because family support leads to positive development.