Research Paper Draft Outline

Research paper draft outline

Alfreda Fitzgerald

Research paper: Outline

Purpose statement

American social and political atmosphere has remained focused around the politics of Black Nationalism and white supremacy. For many long, in the American history, people have been urged by the political elites to reject the policies of white supremacy. Such campaigns have not brought anything positive for the American community at large. Many research studies completed on this subject suggest that the number of Black Nationalist groups have expanded in size. This growth in the size of Black Nationalist groups is directly linked to the climate of racial divisiveness. Donald Trump's remarks about African American have also ignited this controversy. The Black Nationalist groups have based their new agendas on President's remarks about African Americans, journalists and about people from black countries. Resultantly, the group leaders are manipulating people’s mind and are recruiting new members. These leaders are also encouraging people in favor of this rhetoric. The proposed research study aims to investigate the hidden ideologies of Black Nationalist and White Supremacists. The research questions for this proposed study is to analyze how these two extremist groups are targeting the masses in the United States.

Research Questions

The primary research questions for this study will be as following

What are the ideological drivers for Black Nationalists and White Supremacists?

How these extremist groups are furthering their agendas in the American population?

Body

The research paper will include some case studies which will help in the qualitative analysis of the extremists' groups mentioned above. Although there is a wealth of literature available about these groups, the study proposed will target the very basic reasons of ideological conflicts between these groups and the American population. Since this proposed study will be qualitative in nature, therefore research techniques like data analysis, literature analysis, and theoretical explanations will be used to sort out the relevant material,

Ideology

Draper's argument in his book that ideology stamps from the differences with the ruling elite. There is no other reason for the emergence of ideology other than the failure of the ruling governments in addressing the concerns of the oppressed classes ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"ir9YQ1gb","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Draper 1970)","plainCitation":"(Draper 1970)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1510,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/524HM63X"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/524HM63X"],"itemData":{"id":1510,"type":"book","title":"The rediscovery of Black nationalism","publisher":"Viking Press New York","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Draper","given":"Theodore"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["1970"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Draper 1970). His notion of the rise of ideology is the most read and cited literature. His arguments suggest that the rise of extremist groups in America can be crushed if the legitimate concerns of these groups are addressed.

Goals and Objectives

Conyers compilation of essays about the goals of the extremist group is a relevant read. He argues that the limited knowledge of the hierarchy of such groups results in developing a weak ideology ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"qHPSjloB","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Conyers 2015)","plainCitation":"(Conyers 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1512,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/QH8FNY3K"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/QH8FNY3K"],"itemData":{"id":1512,"type":"book","title":"Black Lives: Essays in African American Biography: Essays in African American Biography","publisher":"Routledge","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"Black Lives","author":[{"family":"Conyers","given":"James L."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Conyers 2015). He writes that since their motives are based on flawed perceptions, therefore there exists no clarity in their goals and objectives. The only thing they are sure about their presence is the creation of anarchy.

Political Actions

The political sense among these groups is very limited. In some recent incidents in the United States, it became clear that political actions for mainstreaming these groups cannot serve the purpose. Laqueur writes that political actions aimed at targeting their ideologies might serve the purpose, but it is absurd to expect that such a group will anytime take political measures for their cause ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"qC63qOKI","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Laqueur 2017)","plainCitation":"(Laqueur 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1514,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/5IRFJ99W"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/5IRFJ99W"],"itemData":{"id":1514,"type":"book","title":"A history of terrorism","publisher":"Routledge","source":"Google Scholar","author":[{"family":"Laqueur","given":"Walter"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Laqueur 2017).

Propaganda techniques

Propaganda techniques are used to create anarchy and spread hate among the people in a community. Corbin (et al.) writes that propaganda has always been associated with negative things ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"ERkwx0c0","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Corbin 2017)","plainCitation":"(Corbin 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1516,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/9TZVBGLI"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/9TZVBGLI"],"itemData":{"id":1516,"type":"article-journal","title":"Terrorists are always Muslim but never white: At the intersection of critical race theory and propaganda","container-title":"Fordham L. Rev.","page":"455","volume":"86","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"Terrorists are always Muslim but never white","author":[{"family":"Corbin","given":"Caroline Mala"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Corbin 2017). Extremist groups using such techniques always remain to fail in accomplishing their ideological narratives.

Recruitment and Radicalization process

The recruitment and radicalization process is different from region to region. It also changes with the change in the audience. Horgan argues that normally in the United States, these extremist group uses hate speech about a specific community and exploit the weaknesses of the other side ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"Pm7J29C8","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Horgan 2017)","plainCitation":"(Horgan 2017)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1519,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/X7Z26VRK"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/X7Z26VRK"],"itemData":{"id":1519,"type":"book","title":"Psychology of terrorism: Introduction to the special issue.","collection-number":"3","publisher":"American Psychological Association","volume":"72","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"Psychology of terrorism","author":[{"family":"Horgan","given":"John G."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Horgan 2017). Since state never remains involved in creating distances among groups of a similar society, therefore these groups normally stand against the government and urge people to do the same.

Comparison and contrast analysis

The comparison and contrast analysis of White Supremacists and Black Nationalists suggest that ideological differences play an important role in shaping their conflict with one another and with the government ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"s9E5tmbr","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Martin 2018)","plainCitation":"(Martin 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1521,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/CFLYEIT8"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/s8f0QVnP/items/CFLYEIT8"],"itemData":{"id":1521,"type":"book","title":"Essentials of terrorism: Concepts and controversies","publisher":"Sage Publications","source":"Google Scholar","title-short":"Essentials of terrorism","author":[{"family":"Martin","given":"Gus"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018"]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Martin 2018). This part of the paper will explain major aspects of inter- differences of these groups.

Counter-violence extremist approaches

The last part of the proposed paper will analyze the past literature about counter-violence extremist approaches. In this part of the paper, different comparative analysis can be drawn in order to look into the most useful ways for countering violence and extremism.

References:

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Conyers, James L. 2015. Black Lives Essays in African American Biography: Essays in African American Biography. Routledge.

Corbin, Caroline Mala. 2017. “Terrorists Are Always Muslim but Never White: At the Intersection of Critical Race Theory and Propaganda.” Fordham L. Rev. 86 455.

Draper, Theodore. 1970. The Rediscovery of Black Nationalism. Viking Press New York.

Horgan, John G. 2017. 72 Psychology of Terrorism: Introduction to the Special Issue. American Psychological Association.

Laqueur, Walter. 2017. A History of Terrorism. Routledge.

Martin, Gus. 2018. Essentials of Terrorism: Concepts and Controversies. Sage Publications.