Global Inequality And Conflict



Global Inequality and Conflict

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Global Inequality and Conflict

Introduction

Inequality is one of the grave issues persist around the world since antiquity. The global inequality renders challenges and difficulties to global development and a peaceful co-existence. Global inequality amongst states refers to the gap between the wealth and poverty, resources and scarcity of resources, internal domestic turmoil and peace between one state to another. Hence global inequality is the inequality between economies of different states. It has economic connotations. The distribution of global wealth surrounds global inequality. As the world becomes more compact and closer to each other, global inequality has become more significantCITATION Mil12 \l 1033 (Milanovic, 2012). Global wealth is signified with the availability and distribution of resources for the economic status of a state. States which observe scarcity in resources be it natural human or else, are said to be poor states. Very often inequality discourages the global stance and participation of poor nations in resolving global issues, it creates distinctions between the wealthy and the poor, where wealthy dominate can exercise their right to refuse the poorer states, exploit them or manipulate them to take initiatives against their willCITATION Pay03 \l 1033 (Payne, 2003). Very often global inequalities lead to global conflict, they are directly associated with one another. It states that inequality features along conflict or perpetuate conflict. It is also observed that a massive gap between improper wealth distribution and actual living standards conditions the states with a projected civil war CITATION Sam08 \l 1033 (Sambanis, 2008) CITATION Col08 \l 1033 (Collier, 2008). The conflict hence brings burdens of its own such as economic downturns, turmoil, migrations, internal displacements and low levels of growth and poverty.

Discussion

Issues of Inequality

The rise of inequality is by large associated with globalization and the interconnectedness of the world. The issues of inequality are numerous and can have dire consequences for the states efficient and effective working. Inequality incurs high moral, social and economic costs. The unequal distribution of economic means eventually leads to a depreciation in health, social cohesion and education costs CITATION Nan06 \l 1033 (Birdsall, 2006). A wider gap between the structure and its finances can also inflate the unemployment ration. There is a great disparity amongst the household in different states around the world. The largest portion of wealth is sustained by developed states like the United States and European states. This has led them to maintain living standards above the poverty line. However, inequality seems to pose a curse on the developing states. States which observe scarcity in natural resources or are unable to manage them are very often victims of global inequality. The states which are under transition towards can manage to escape the scarcity of resources issue e.g. China. Inequality can be observed vividly if there's a massive gap between the profits and opportunities and the means are exploited by those who own them. Poor economies are disadvantaged at the hands of environmental degradation as wealthy countries and multinationals exploit their resources and threaten sustainable development comprehensively. The low economic prosperity rate and the indulgence within the internal issues limit the state's ability and confidence to take part in the global forums to share their issues, resolve them on global forums. This in return creates the imbalance of economic power and indulge in loans on high-interest rates from international organizations to function CITATION Ala07 \l 1033 (Alastair Greig, 2007). Internal poverty amongst states forever remains untouched and never bears the fruits of prosperity. Climate change has also been marked as issues of global inequality concerning the world., whereby some countries exploit climate concerns and this effects other countries in return.

Issues of Conflict

The technological advancement where has enabled economic growth and development it has also created the menace of inequality. Inequalities between the states and within them have caused conflicts between them. Global conflicts are caused by economic, environmental, social and political factors. The resources and their lack of management and scarcity start from mere resentment and later form itself into political ones. The weak governance, corruption, and instability all lead to conflict CITATION Col15 \l 1033 (Colgan, 2015). Very often supranational states try to exploit and gain their motives by gaining resources and reserves of a fragile nation through coercive measures. Conflict is highlighted as a development issue, it significantly hinders and bars the economic and diplomatic growth of states. It leads to permanent scarring of public institutions and infrastructure. The civil conflict is born out of rebellion against the unequal treatment by the state. The resurge is aimed at troubling the state while creating collateral damage. Economic inequality creates conflict globally. These conflicts are often visualized as conflicts amongst the regions. The global risk reports that global conflict would take place due to extreme climate changes, failing international governmental systems, state fragility, and weak governance systems and l; lastly due to inflated rates of unemployment.

People are displaced, economic means of earning are limited, migrations take place, health declines and consequently poverty is founded.

Interdisciplinarity

Global inequalities have a dire effect on the overall structure of the state, including food, women, children, living conditions, income and the environment hence it needs to be addressed multi-dimensionally. Global inequality and conflict are vast subjects and can be studied through various interdisciplinary lenses, they are born out of social injustices and subjugations taking clues from sociological perspectives. Repko’s interdisciplinarity approach in reference to global inequality and conflict reflects that the distinction between wealth and distribution which causes the situation has economic, sociological, psychological, political and international relations connotations. Since the inequality persists the smooth running and the friction between groups regionally or within can provide a good understanding only through political science. And hence an overview of relations between states based upon these factors is comprehended through international relations. A better understanding of interdisciplinary approach refers to the inequality amongst social classes and the distribution of resources amongst them as unjust, leading to conflict, defining the course of power relations through political and economic conditions. The conflicts are then categorized as within the state i.e civil war and that between states for dominance, balance or show resentment i.e. global conflict. Creating an all-inclusive approach towards the subject of global inequality and global conflict help render a better understanding of the subject.

Solutions

Global inequality increases poverty, decrease economic growth and leads to conflict. Although it is difficult to reverse it. However, global inequality can be resolved by eliminating income disparities, political and social gaps, and increasing economic prospects. States can adopt strict and rigid legislation upon illegal outflows of cash. The money could be significantly used in developing education. health and economic growth. Moreover, prepositions of enforcing a wealth tax can significantly regulate and create a flow of income within the global society. Such prepositions suggest that it can combat global inequality. Set of internal peace shall be maintained by creating a leveled income level of economic subjects. A sense of corporate social responsibility shall also be maintained and uplifted, or multinationals who have arguably larger than a country's economy shall also be liable to pay taxes or restore the environment of the host country. Labor abuses shall be stopped, exploitation of labor classifies them into subject categories, who think their opinions and rights don’t matter. Trade creates dependence on one another, thus avoiding conflicts. Trade agreements shall be negotiated, along with undertaking the people's interest by incorporating the themes of health, environment, and wages. And lastly, global inequality and conflicts shall be averted if economic dimensions can be shifted from solely wealth between people, multinationals and states to including ethical, moral and environmental concerns.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY Alastair Greig, D. H. (2007). Challenging Global Inequality: Development Theory and Practice in the 21st Century. Macmillan International Higher Education,

Birdsall, N. (2006). Rising inequality in the new global economy. International Journal of development issues, 1-9.

Colgan, J. &. (2015). Revolution, Personalist Dictatorships, and International Conflict 69 (1). International Organization, , 163-194.

Collier, P. H. (2008). Beyond Greed and Grievance: Feasibility of the Civil War. Department of Economics, University of Oxford.

Milanovic. (2012). Global Income Inequality By the Numbers: In History and Now. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper. 6259, 1-28.

Payne, R. (2003). Global Issues. NewYork: Pearson.

Sambanis, N. (2008). Poverty and the Organization of Political Violence. In: Globalization, Poverty, and Inequality. Brookings Trade Forum. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 165-211.