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Ethics in Information System
Student’s Name
Institution
Question one
Ethics captures a number of issues, one being the conduct of a person towards other people. it is clear that there is evidence of ethics in the first job where Scott connects Michael with the associate to secure a job. The associate employs ethics to welcome the request from Scott despite her being a good and trusted friend. As mentioned, the company has policies and regulations to follow, hence, the associate follows the human resource policies to recruit Michael. The associate conducts the interview and Michael qualifies as the employee.
Scott is laid off but Michael still works for a firm that is doing well. There is an opportunity available for Michael to recommend Scott to work for the firm. However, the company policies restrict Michael from acting in a manner to help Scott. The rules of the company depict that nobody has to use undue influence to get friends hired. This is an ethical principle that Michael has to consider when working with the company. Therefore, with this Michael should just inform Scott of the vacancy and let Scott secure the job for her.
If Michael decides to use undue influence, then he will have not observed the ethical principle of the company and will be liable to punishment. However, Scott can choose to approach the company and explain the concerns and express the interest to the company management. Duty-based theories and character-based theories are applicable in this scenario (Solomon, 1992). Character-based theory supports the company’s step to emphasize on undue influence. This is not moral upright for a person with proper morals. If Michael decides to use undue influence, then the other candidate may lose the job and this is unethical. Therefore, Michael has to remain morally upright by doing what is right to many people. On the other hand, duty based theories could apply to the case because, Michael being an employee, he has a duty to fulfil. Michael’s duty here is to work for the company and consider the large number of people besides having a duty towards Scott to fulfil.
Question two
Great Goods and the community are affected in this case. Under utilitarianism theory, the happiness of everyone is important under any circumstance. Great Goods aims at doing the best activities to support the community. They are certain that the services they will provide will improve the community welfare. On one hand, the developers believe that Great Goods will improve the social utility and improve the living standards of the community. On the other, Serena, and small retailers have different thoughts about the construction of the store. Therefore, a large number of people is that of small retailers that will not be happy about the actions of Great Goods. If considered, it will deny the retailers and other people to do business. In other words, the giant will kick the small retailers out of business. According to Utilitarian’s, the argument arises from two major principles. First, the principle of social utility and second, the belief that social utility can be measured by the amount of happiness produced when undertaking a specific job or activity. However, to some extent, Great Goods would be meaning well for the community.
In this case, we can consider both rule and act deontology. Deontology is evidenced in the scenario where Great Goods has intentions to build a store. Evidently, morality is a measure in this scenario. Therefore, the construction action is it moral in nature. We consider this from the point of community to be morally upright but from the point of the retailers, it may not be morally upright. In reality, the retailers will lose business if Great Goods established a store in the vicinity. However, morals lack when Serena decided to side with the retailers and vote against Great Goods decision of establishing a store. Serena had realised that if small retailers loose business, Serena will be kicked out of business too. Therefore, Serena looks at personal interests rather than considering community interest. This means Serena has no moral uproars.
Question Three (a)
The question to consider is what is future? Future according to me could be tomorrow, next week, next month, next year or years to come. The argument of people existing in the presence or future is reasonable because generations have existed before us. This is a sufficient justification of people existing in the future as the generations continue coming. People continue giving birth each day. In fact, as they say, the birth rate is higher than the death rate, I concur with this. The populations are growing and the world is becoming densely populated. Past generations hade scarce population which could not be compared to the present.
Therefore, considering the issue of ethics, it seems to be an act of permanency, as generations have to adopt. Morality is a lead in every body’s life. Comparing good verses bad gives a state of identity among the people. Moreover, a good foundation begins at present where the character moulded by the mature people and morally upright people in the society will keep generations going. However, many people have developed assertions regarding the behaviour and character trait of the current and future generations. They preclude that there is moral decay and ethics is just but to scare people. The millennials have devised their own saying and have become reluctant about the issue. From my own perspective, it is possible to lay the foundations for ethical considerations for the future in the present.
Question three (b)
Autonomous weapons are dangerous if they fall on bad hands. These weapons are designed with artificial intelligence for different purposes. The main purpose is to kill and exactly happens when they land on dangerous hands. The developments of these weapons are because of sponsorship and the tendency of the big nations to conquer one another. They aim at proving who is more intelligent and can be a super power. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the impact of developing these weapons before they can result to mass destruction. If necessary, it is important to stop developing artificial intelligence and shape our morals. Upholding our moral behaviours predicts the way people will conduct themselves into the future. Therefore, we should cease sponsorship on researching artificial intelligence.
Question four
Jim is in a dilemma and per say, he has to solve the problem. The question is how many people will his behaviour punish? The answer is many people. Leaving alone Paul’s, there are other employees in the organization with families, what if the company goes bankrupt because of Paul’s behaviour? Is this not going to render people jobless? Therefore, according to deontology, morality is a concern in each circumstance. Paul has behaved in unethical manner that may lead the company into problems.
Despite Jim being a closest friend to Paul, Jim should consider what makes a large number of people happy. Jim should turn in Paul and let Paul face the consequences for the actions that could destroy many people’s lives. Embezzling funds is an act of suicide in business. The person involved in such an act is liable to capital punishment. Therefore, turning in Paul will constitute ethics on the side of Jim and justice will prevail.
Question five
The world is dynamic and each day new advancements are being made. Technology has changed the way things are done and considered real time results. Almost in every sector, technology takes lead perhaps efficiency and effectiveness could define the role of technology in people’s lives. Therefore, as new advancements arise regarding technology, the issue ethics becomes a question to many. This means that ethics plays a major role when it comes to technological advancements in business organizations and in life today (De George, 2008). People are becoming innovative and the internet is become insecure each day.
Ethics plays a major role in information technology. Ethics has become a concern in cyber technology due to exposures to risks associated to information technology. Therefore, ethics captures the entire all question of cybersecurity. Ethics makes a person uphold integrity when handling information. This means that a person contributes to security of information when dealing with information technology. Ethics prevents loss of data that is relevant to the organization. People will realize the need to behave in an ethical manner to avoid problems that could contribute to company losses from incorporating technology into the system. Ethics contributes to the professional behaviour of employees in the organization. The employees will keep the secret of the business. Meaning this will keep the competitors away from attacking business information. Behaving in a professional manner will secure the business as It will be possible to detect issues t deal malware and spyware that could affect the business
Technology advancements have contributed to the creation of various viruses that would attack business data and expose a business in one way or another. Therefore, doing that which is right will allow the business to build a cover against all this viruses. Furthermore, ethics is used to ensure that the use of technology does not harm people, the business environment or pose threats to people regarding information. Therefore, it is necessary to consider ethics in information technology when dealing with vital sections.
References
De George, R. T. (2008). The ethics of information technology and business. John Wiley & Sons.
Solomon, R. C. (1992). Ethics and excellence: Cooperation and integrity in business.
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