Evidence Development

Evidence Development

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Evidence Development

Literature Review

The juvenile justice system has evolved over time, so did the structure of prosecution and sentencing in this justice system. Many laws and rights have been passed by the legislature. This topic will cover the overall aspect of juvenile imprisonment or sentencing and its effect on the community. The perception of a community varies from person to person and people hold a differing opinion regarding this issue. The research topic is significantly focusing on the viewpoint of the society regarding juvenile sentencing in criminal justice. There is an abundance of researches and studies related to the topic of juvenile imprisonment and its effect on the community. The decision making within the justice system of juveniles is hugely impacted by the presence of minorities, i.e., Black and Hispanic communities.

According to Leiber and his peers, the juvenile justice system is under the influence of unemployment ratios of white and minority communities. The adjudication, intake and judicial disposition are impacted greatly due to the presence of these factors (Leiber, Peck, & Rodriguez, 2016). Therefore according to the contextual approach of decision making, the matters related to race are uncovered in such studies which focus on the biases involved in the decision making at the time of juvenile court proceedings. The threat of minority presence or racial threat is related to the severity of punishments or general outcomes of the juvenile justice system. The offenses and nature of offenses vary greatly in the minorities, such that Fix and her co-authors did research in which sexual behavior and experiences of Afro-Americans and European-Americans were determined and this article focused on the disproportionality among the juvenile offenders of a minority race (Fix et al., 2017). Hence, the victim age typology is specifically investigated on the bases of race/ethnicity. The effect of these biases is on the category of offense and the selection of sexual behavior among teenage or adolescent victims. The offender in the juvenile justice system is also the victim when assessing the protective or risk factors which are linked with the violent victimization of offending.

The research by Corrado and his fellows determines the typical profile of the victim which relates to any of the minority race or people from a minority background, i.e., black or Hispanic people majorly. It also outlines the major risk factors associated with the offenses or victimization (Corrado et al., 2016). The early interventions are crucial for controlling the rate of crime among juvenile offenders or victims for later on in their life. The government has devised many measures in order to prevent the criminal rate of juvenile offenders. The aggravation in the proceedings related to juvenile cases is influenced by the specifier of Limited Prosocial Emotion (LPE) according to Prasad and his peer. They conducted a study on certain jurors to deduce the impact of diagnosed or undiagnosed jurors with LPE (Prasad, & Kimonis, 2018). It showed that jurors with diagnosed LPE were less restrictive towards the sentencing of the juveniles than the undiagnosed ones.

The youth correctness will come by applying the preventative measures which include the community programs which are responsible for promoting the wellness of the society and contribute to the development of youth. Reformation of steps within the juvenile justice system is needed. The implementation of correctness programs in various states has been initiated by the government (McCarthy, Schiraldi, & Shark, 2016). The overall aspect of juvenile imprisonment or sentencing and its effect on the community is discussed in this chapter and it relates to the research topic of the juvenile justice system, i.e., the effect of juvenile imprisonment on the community. The abundance of researches is present for supporting the evidence related to the juvenile justice system and its effect on the working of the community.

References

Corrado, R. R., Peters, A. M., Hodgkinson, T. K., & Mathesius, J. (2016). Crime Reduction, Reduction of Imprisonment and Community Crime Prevention Programs: Risk Factors and Programs Implemented to Reduce Them. Women and children as victims and offenders: Background, prevention, reintegration (pp. 395-433). Springer, Cham.

Fix, R. L., Fix, S. T., Wienke Totura, C. M., & Burkhart, B. R. (2017). Disproportionate minority contact among juveniles adjudicated for sexual, violent, and general offending: The importance of home, school, and community contexts. Crime & Delinquency, 63(2), 189-209.

Leiber, M. J., Peck, J. H., & Rodriguez, N. (2016). Minority threat and juvenile court outcomes. Crime & Delinquency, 62(1), 54-80.

McCarthy, P., Schiraldi, V., & Shark, M. (2016). The future of youth justice: A community-based alternative to the youth prison model. US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice.

Prasad, A. H., & Kimonis, E. R. (2018). Effects of the “limited prosocial emotions” specifier for conduct disorder on juror perceptions of juvenile offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 45(10), 1547-1564.