Dicussion 3

Discussion 3

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Author Note

Discussion 3

Discuss the modalities of reminiscence and life review and the significance of the life story of an elder.

The life story of an elder is like a road map for learning how to live a great life. Morrie is a man that is full of life even as a 78-year-old. He loved to dance, spend time with his students and enjoyed living life. He says that reminiscing about the time when one was young is not bad, as long as people do not stop and start believing that aging is just decay. As Morrie puts it, there is a time to be 22 and then there is a time to be 78. The elders around us are a living breathing story and a manuscript on how to live life. Benefiting from it will only be in our best interests ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"tWYfZ3nH","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Scheidt, 2015)","plainCitation":"(Scheidt, 2015)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":819,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/5VyEEXyp/items/4CDK47R2"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/5VyEEXyp/items/4CDK47R2"],"itemData":{"id":819,"type":"article-journal","title":"The Elders: Everyone Is a Story","container-title":"The Gerontologist","page":"330-331","volume":"55","issue":"2","source":"academic.oup.com","abstract":"Video: The Elders: Everyone Is a Story (118min)","DOI":"10.1093/geront/gnv049","ISSN":"0016-9013","title-short":"The Elders","journalAbbreviation":"Gerontologist","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Scheidt","given":"Rick J."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2015",4,1]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Scheidt, 2015).

What inference can you make to improve effective communication strategies for older adults with speech, language, hearing, vision, and cognitive impairment?

Older adults have lived a robust life. They remember what it was like to be in complete control of one’s own mind and body and make decisions based on one’s whims, likes, and dislikes. Thus, when people become old and are not capable of being their complete self, it is essential that the people around them help them adapt to their new reality without making them feel lesser than a person ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"td0YefyV","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Guthrie et al., 2018)","plainCitation":"(Guthrie et al., 2018)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":822,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/5VyEEXyp/items/Y94XFYS6"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/5VyEEXyp/items/Y94XFYS6"],"itemData":{"id":822,"type":"article-journal","title":"Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: Analysis of interRAI data for home care and long-term care recipients in Ontario","container-title":"PLOS ONE","page":"e0192971","volume":"13","issue":"2","source":"PLoS Journals","abstract":"Objectives The objective of the current study was to understand the added effects of having a sensory impairment (vision and/or hearing impairment) in combination with cognitive impairment with respect to health-related outcomes among older adults (65+ years old) receiving home care or residing in a long-term care (LTC) facility in Ontario, Canada. Methods Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using existing data collected with one of two interRAI assessments, one for home care (n = 291,824) and one for LTC (n = 110,578). Items in the assessments were used to identify clients with single sensory impairments (e.g., vision only [VI], hearing only [HI]), dual sensory impairment (DSI; i.e., vision and hearing) and those with cognitive impairment (CI). We defined seven mutually exclusive groups based on the presence of single or combined impairments. Results The rate of people having all three impairments (i.e., CI+DSI) was 21.3% in home care and 29.2% in LTC. Across the seven groups, individuals with all three impairments were the most likely to report loneliness, to have a reduction in social engagement, and to experience reduced independence in their activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs (IADLs). Communication challenges were highly prevalent in this group, at 38.0% in home care and 49.2% in LTC. In both care settings, communication difficulties were more common in the CI+DSI group versus the CI-alone group. Conclusions The presence of combined sensory and cognitive impairments is high among older adults in these two care settings and having all three impairments is associated with higher rates of negative outcomes than the rates for those having CI alone. There is a rising imperative for all health care professionals to recognize the potential presence of hearing, vision and cognitive impairments in those for whom they provide care, to ensure that basic screening occurs and to use those results to inform care plans.","DOI":"10.1371/journal.pone.0192971","ISSN":"1932-6203","title-short":"Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone","journalAbbreviation":"PLOS ONE","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Guthrie","given":"Dawn M."},{"family":"Davidson","given":"Jacob G. S."},{"family":"Williams","given":"Nicole"},{"family":"Campos","given":"Jennifer"},{"family":"Hunter","given":"Kathleen"},{"family":"Mick","given":"Paul"},{"family":"Orange","given":"Joseph B."},{"family":"Pichora-Fuller","given":"M. Kathleen"},{"family":"Phillips","given":"Natalie A."},{"family":"Savundranayagam","given":"Marie Y."},{"family":"Wittich","given":"Walter"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2018",2,15]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Guthrie et al., 2018). They should work with the right body language, be extremely patient with seniors and show them the respect that they deserve without fail. They should be sincere in their approach and be an active listener, trying to be of help wherever they can be.

Identify the impact of culture and family values in providing quality care for older persons.

Older people are usually at an age where they would much prefer surrounding themselves with family members. They would love to spend their days surrounded with people they consider a part of their lives and hold dear. This includes the things that remind them of the life they have once lives and the people that they shared moments with. Thus, by giving them the love, the care and the attention they need, both through family, friends and the things that remind them of a well-lived life they have lived would bring them a sense of peace and comfort that can follow them into the next step of life ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"XElk6UjS","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Pharr, Dodge Francis, Terry, & Clark, 2014)","plainCitation":"(Pharr, Dodge Francis, Terry, & Clark, 2014)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":825,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/5VyEEXyp/items/4W33W2R6"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/5VyEEXyp/items/4W33W2R6"],"itemData":{"id":825,"type":"webpage","title":"Culture, Caregiving, and Health: Exploring the Influence of Culture on Family Caregiver Experiences","container-title":"International Scholarly Research Notices","genre":"Research article","abstract":"Ethnic minorities are expected to experience a greater demand for family caregiving than non-Latino Whites due to their projected population growth. Although the consensus of researchers on caregiving and culture finds that the caregiving experience differs significantly among cultural/ethnic groups, the question remains as to how cultural values and norms influence the caregiver experiences. We conducted an interpretative, phenomenological qualitative analysis of focus group transcripts from four groups (African American, Asian American, Hispanic American, and European American) for cultural influences on caregiving. Data were collected in Nevada between December 7, 2009, and August 20, 2010. Thirty-five caregivers participated in this study. We found commonalities among all of the cultural/ethnic groups in their experiences of the difficulties of caregiving. However, there were some significant differences in the cultural values and norms that shaped the caregiving experience. We categorized these differences as: (a) cultural embeddedness of caregiving, (b) cultural determinants of caregiving responsibilities or taxonomy of caregiving, and (c) cultural values and norms underlying the decision to provide care. The significance of this study is that it highlights the culturally perceived mandate to provide care in the African, Asian, and Hispanic American cultures.","URL":"https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2014/689826/","note":"DOI: 10.1155/2014/689826","title-short":"Culture, Caregiving, and Health","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Pharr","given":"Jennifer R."},{"family":"Dodge Francis","given":"Carolee"},{"family":"Terry","given":"Christine"},{"family":"Clark","given":"Michele C."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2014"]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",9,10]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Pharr, Dodge Francis, Terry, & Clark, 2014).

References

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Guthrie, D. M., Davidson, J. G. S., Williams, N., Campos, J., Hunter, K., Mick, P., … Wittich, W. (2018). Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: Analysis of interRAI data for home care and long-term care recipients in Ontario. PLOS ONE, 13(2), e0192971. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192971

Pharr, J. R., Dodge Francis, C., Terry, C., & Clark, M. C. (2014). Culture, Caregiving, and Health: Exploring the Influence of Culture on Family Caregiver Experiences [Research article]. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/689826

Scheidt, R. J. (2015). The Elders: Everyone Is a Story. The Gerontologist, 55(2), 330–331. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnv049