Compromise Of 1877

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Compromise of 1887

Kreitner, Richard, and The Almanac. March 2, 1877: A Compromise Makes Rutherford B. Hayes President and Ends Reconstruction.

The authors critically highlight the electoral controversy that leads to the Compromise of 1887. Both the candidates Samuel Tilden and Rutherford B. Hayes plausibly advanced their claims to have solid evidence of proving the elections contentious. Consequently, a committee of fifteen members was established to assess the disparities in the election. The committee concluded its finding by entitling Hayes to be the President of the United States of America (USA). The authors underpin the root cause which urged the Democrats to accept the results. For instance, Hayes ensured to withdraw the federal troops from the South and putting an end to the Reconstruction phase. It was promulgated in an unwritten deal known as the Compromise of 1887. In addition, the authors offer empirical evidence by attaching an editorial published at that time namely The Provision for Future Presidential Disputes in The Nation. The article explicitly mentioned that the Electoral College had failed to perform its fundamental obligation and keeping it will make the conditions worse. The referenced article asserted influence on the damages done to the judicial system of the United States. The reconstruction phase had ended, however, the Southern Democrats persisted and intended at a filibuster. After 1877, the assistance for white supremacy manifested in the whites voting for Democrats which made the region to be known as Solid South.

The publication can be linked to the contemporary era as it highlights the contentious process of elections. It is very rare to witness such a compromise which desecrates the spirits of the American electoral process and thus reveals that democracy has strengthened with the passage of time.

Fitzhugh Brundage. “Reconstruction in the South.” The Journal of the Civil War Era.

The author deliberates a comprehensive account of the Reconstruction phase which ultimately manifested in the Compromise of 1887. It is essential to have a thorough assessment of the political, social and economic instances which shaped the Reconstruction phase and resulted in the compromise. The primary purpose of the author is to highlight to compare the compromise of 1887 with the contemporary state of political affairs to highlight the changes in the region. The southern community remained primarily fragmented after 1886. In addition, the author states the reconstruction of gender politics and roles never completed in 1876. The compromise was mean to end the reconstruction phase and the electoral process was a tool. If the electoral process had not remained or been deemed contentious, the phase would have ended in adverse and detrimental consequences. However, the compromise itself demonstrated the widespread division based on race in American society. It is imperative to sketch a picture of the deep structural transformation that took place. The financial paradigm and global commodity markets were underway in the mid-19th century, especially American capitalism influenced the later state of affairs. The author offers a critical explanation of the economic state after the promulgation of compromise and the transformation in American society after the end of the civil war and Reconstruction phase. The South was considered a region replete with uncertainty and risk because of the political tumult which ultimately caused the Compromise of 1887.

The journal offers keen insights into the political and economic implications of the compromise of 1887. It reflects that the American community was largely segregated on financial and ethnic grounds. In the contemporary era, the segregation has abrogated but its shreds are still apparent in American society.

Leslie, J. Paul. August 16, 2013.“Compromise of 1877.” 64 Parishes.

Leslie discusses the confrontation between Democrats and Republicans resulting from the electoral process in 1876. Both the parties had reached a deadlock and were resorting to utilizing coercive measures to assert their political hegemony. The author also highlights that the Twelfth Amendment had failed to offer a remedy to the problem where the Democrats seek assistance from the House while the Republicans were inclined toward the Senate. However, the establishment of the Electoral Commission proved productive as both parties admitted to accepting the decision and certification of votes. If there had not been any victor, the Speaker of the House of Representatives would have become the president as per the provisions of the Constitution. The Southerners refrained from supplementing the filibuster attempts of Northern Democrats and ensured the selection of Hayes as President of the United States after the Compromise of 1887. Essentially, it was a deal which took place on February 26, 1877, to ensure Hayes is elected as the president. Both eminent Republicans and Hayes conceded for the removal of troops from unreconstructed states, having the President ensure a visit to the South, advance the establishment of railroad in the South and assist the expenditure of enhanced federal funds on profound improvement in the three unreconstructed states. After Hayes was declared the president, he began to fulfill his commitments. For instance, Louisiana received a significant amount of funding and witnessed the removal of troops. It is significant to highlight the fallacious promises made by the Southern political leaders which were not made the part of the provisions of the compromise. For instance, the extension of civil rights to African Americans in the Amendments was not protected and the historical records offer an explicit illustration of the shallow nature of those promises.

The instances have a profound impact on the contemporary American political system. It can be associated as the promises or commitments made candidates in front of the public during their election campaigns. They ensure to dispense them their rights and offer liberty which was done by Hayes as discussed above. However, compromises are not promulgated for electing a president in the United States opposed to the compromised of 1887.

Hammond, Trevor. March 5, 1877. “President Hayes Wins Controversial Election” Fishwrap.

Hammond offers an account of the Presidential inauguration of Hayes on March 5, 1877, after the closet elections in the history of the United States. Hayes possessed distinct traits of honesty and integrity which were appraised by the public and political stakeholders. The election board in Southern states discarded thousands of votes cast after the intimidation of black community and fraud which translated the momentum of electoral votes toward Hayes. The controversy ultimately resolved after the creation of a commission based on 15 members comprising both Democrat and Republican Congressmen and justices of the Supreme Court. In their verdict, the commission gave all of the 20 votes to Hayes which was sufficient for him to beat his rival, Tilden. However, the Democrats progressed to filibuster the verdict which was prevented after a secret deal between the Republicans and Democrats known as the compromise of 1887. Hayes, who was deemed a man of utmost integrity and unwavering commitment, was criticized after assuming the charge amid contentious elections and the compromise. He had to withdraw the troops and offer the Democrats critical incentives and terms to be accepted as the President of the United States.

The publication can be related to the nature of American elections conducted these days. Nearly every presidential election is bashed and criticized by the cynics and opponents as rigged and a violation of essential democratic principles. However, the state of affairs has never been worse in comparison to the Compromise of 1887 which validates the integrity and credibility of elections in the United States to a significant extent.

Works Cited

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY “Compromise of 1877.” 64 Parishes, https://64parishes.org/entry/compromise-of-1877. Accessed 29 Apr. 2019.

Kreitner, Richard, and The Almanac. March 2, 1877: A Compromise Makes Rutherford B. Hayes President and Ends Reconstruction. Mar. 2015. www.thenation.com, https://www.thenation.com/article/march-2-1877-compromise-makes-rutherford-b-hayes-president-and-ends-reconstruction/.

“President Hayes Wins Controversial Election: March 5, 1877 - Fishwrap The Official Blog of Newspapers.Com.” Fishwrap, 1 Mar. 2016, https://blog.newspapers.com/president-hayes-wins-controversial-election-march-5-1877/.

“Reconstruction in the South.” The Journal of the Civil War Era, https://www.journalofthecivilwarera.org/forum-the-future-of-reconstruction-studies/reconstruction-in-the-south/. Accessed 29 Apr. 2019.