Blood Typing

Blood typing

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Introduction:

Blood is the compound of red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, and platelets. Different system and methods were discovered for the user to identify the population through blood. In 1900, Karl Landsteiner discovered four types of blood includes O, A, B, and AB. He categorized the population in these four groups by defining that 43 percent of people have O-type, 42 percent have A, 12 percent have B, and only 3 percent have AB blood group. The second method was discovered in 1927 known as MN system. According to the MN system, 48 percent have MN, 30 percent have M, and 22 percent have N blood type. The third system was discovered in 1940 by Alexander Weiner. This system indicates that 85 percent of people had a factor known as Rh+ while 15 percent had Rh-. Systems categorized the population into six groups includes D, d, C, c, E, and e which enable for further twenty-seven combinations.

Discussion:

Blood is a basic component of the human body. With the discovery related to blood and blood types, the technology introduced to check the blood type of the individuals known as blood typing. It is the test which is used for the various purposes to determine the blood type. For instance, before donating the blood to another person, it is necessary to match the blood group to avoid any complications. Blood transfusion was almost impossible before the blood typing. It makes easier to identify the right donor.

In the judicial system, blood typing is a crucial element in many cases. For instance, whenever investigation starts for any criminal act like physical violence, the investigator tries to figure out the fingerprints and blood present at the scene of the crime. It is not possible that when two people fight with each other or a thief tries to break the window glass or door then it is not possible for him to be scratch less. Therefore small drops of blood are always part of the investigation to identify the criminal. Blood typing just not determines the blood type of the individuals, it also identifies the blood of animals. For instance, through blood typing investigator can easily identify that the blood strain is of human or animal. It is important to know about the animal blood but also about which animal has blood strain at the scene of crimes.

Blood typing is significant for pregnant women. For instance, if the father is Rh+ and the mother is Rh- then it is more chances that the newborn will acquire Rh+. In such a case, mothers are required to receive a drug known as RhoGAM ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"rFZoRykd","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super 1\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"1","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":168,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/Q46VB3JS"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/Q46VB3JS"],"itemData":{"id":168,"type":"webpage","title":"Blood Typing | Medical Tests | UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital","URL":"https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/tests/003345.html","accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",3,30]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} 1. It helps the mother to keep her body from making antibiotic within the body which can attack the baby's blood cells because it is possible that blood becomes mixed during pregnancy.

Blood typing is the easiest and fastest way to determine blood type. Still, it has some risks as blood is drawn is needed for blood typing. The risk includes excessive bleeding, feeling lightheaded, and bleeding under the skin, fainting, and infection at the puncture site ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"3EPvOUss","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super 2\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"2","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":166,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/XDUKMJ9U"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/mlRB1JqV/items/XDUKMJ9U"],"itemData":{"id":166,"type":"webpage","title":"Blood Typing: Purpose, Procedure & Risks","container-title":"Healthline","abstract":"Blood typing is a test that determines a person's blood type. Knowing your blood type is important for blood donations and transfusion, and pregnancy health.","URL":"https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-typing","shortTitle":"Blood Typing","language":"en","issued":{"date-parts":[["2012",7,18]]},"accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",3,30]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} 2. There is no special preparation for blood typing. All you need is to take care of the cleanliness to avoid any infection or excessive bleeding.

Conclusion:

Blood typing is the procedure to determine the blood group that the individual acquire. People acquire different types of blood including type O, A, B, and AB. Blood typing is useful in the judicial system and the healthcare field. The method does not need any special preparation. It also has minimal risks including infection and fainting. Investigators use to detect the criminal through blood strain at the scene of crimes.

References

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Blood Typing | Medical Tests | UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital. https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/tests/003345.html. Accessed March 30, 2019.

2. Blood Typing: Purpose, Procedure & Risks. Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-typing. Published July 18, 2012. Accessed March 30, 2019.