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Australia and Indigenous Australians
Name of the writer
Name of the institution
Australia and Indigenous Australians
History
Anthropologists believe that the history of indigenous Australians started about sixty-five thousand years ago and even before as the result of earlier human migration. At the earlier time, there was no exchange of culture or trade between the world and ingenious Australians. People from outside world started coming to the land of Australia mainly for the purpose of trade. They developed contact with some aboriginal skin groups. Indonesian people established a trade relationship with the population living in the north part of Australia. The consequences of contact of European traders had mixed outcome positive in term of trade and negative in term of diseases that outsiders brought with them ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION citationIDIYhoxooZ,propertiesformattedCitation(uc0u8220Our shared history Sections Share Our Pride,uc0u8221 n.d.),plainCitation(Our shared history Sections Share Our Pride, n.d.),noteIndex0,citationItemsid677,urishttp//zotero.org/users/local/rVaVAHaF/items/Q99BNCAP,urihttp//zotero.org/users/local/rVaVAHaF/items/Q99BNCAP,itemDataid677,typepost-weblog,titleOur shared history Sections Share Our Pride,URLhttp//www.shareourpride.org.au/sections/our-shared-history/,languageen-US,accesseddate-parts2019,5,27,schemahttps//github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json (Our shared history Sections Share Our Pride, n.d.).
Captain James Cook was the person who searched the land after the government issued the order that if the captain discovered the inhabitant land or the great southern land he would get the control or possession over the native people. Therefore, Captain Cook entered Botany Bay in 1770 and declared land belonging to nobody without recognizing the rights of the Torres Strait Islanders and Aboriginal people. During 1972, Mcmahon Liberal administration rejected the land rights of aboriginal communities where protestors filed the petition against the statement. Possession over land rights was not only a negative aspect of European settlement stolen generation was another bitter truth of the colonization. Thousands of children were taken by force from their families and people were dictated regarding where they can live or work. These stolen children were raised in white institutions between the two world wars. Later on, indigenous people were counted as Australian citizens. During 1991 reconciliation movement was started ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION citationID9kEWVFSm,propertiesformattedCitation(uc0u8220State-of-Reconciliation-Report_SUMMARY.pdf,uc0u8221 n.d.),plainCitation(State-of-Reconciliation-Report_SUMMARY.pdf, n.d.),noteIndex0,citationItemsid678,urishttp//zotero.org/users/local/rVaVAHaF/items/KSNIC89P,urihttp//zotero.org/users/local/rVaVAHaF/items/KSNIC89P,itemDataid678,typearticle,titleState-of-Reconciliation-Report_SUMMARY.pdf,URLhttps//www.reconciliation.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/State-of-Reconciliation-Report_SUMMARY.pdf,accesseddate-parts2019,5,27,schemahttps//github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json (State-of-Reconciliation-Report_SUMMARY.pdf, n.d.). The first meeting was held in Canberra. The main purpose of the reconciliation was to understand the fact that if the indigenous people and other native islanders did not get their rights there will remain unemployment, poor health, homelessness, and other social issues within the nation.
Contemporary situation
With the passage of time European settlement understood the importance and rights of the indigenous people and Torres Strait Islanders people. Various laws and movements were established to provide them opportunities and civil rights to cope with social and economic issues. In contemporary time, the government is very much concerned towards these people and reconciliation is in action. The good initiative was taken during 2008 when Kevin Rudd, the prime mister of that time apologized to the indigenous people regarding the stolen generation. Australia supports the United Nations declaration on the rights of indigenous Australians.
However, after all these initiatives, contemporary Australia is failed to improve the lives of the aboriginal people. The governments closing gap strategy is least successful till date. There is a huge gap between the standard of living between Australian people and indigenous Australians. Instead of being improvement reports indicates that the mortality rate among indigenous people is rising due to cancer which is widening the mortality gap. However, there is a 15 decline in the mortality rate due to circulatory diseases ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION citationIDSWcWnpAk,propertiesformattedCitation(Davey, 2017),plainCitation(Davey, 2017),noteIndex0,citationItemsid682,urishttp//zotero.org/users/local/rVaVAHaF/items/TT8TSWEA,urihttp//zotero.org/users/local/rVaVAHaF/items/TT8TSWEA,itemDataid682,typearticle-newspaper,titleClosing the Gap report shows life expectancy and child mortality targets are not being met,container-titleThe Guardian,sectionAustralia news,sourcewww.theguardian.com,abstractMalcolm Turnbull says the stark reality is that there has not been sufficient progress on meeting the Indigenous targets,URLhttps//www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/feb/14/closing-the-gap-report-shows-life-expectancy-and-child-mortality-targets-are-not-being-met,ISSN0261-3077,languageen-GB,authorfamilyDavey,givenMelissa,issueddate-parts2017,2,14,accesseddate-parts2019,5,27,schemahttps//github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json (Davey, 2017). The news report indicates that the government is unable to improve the life expectancy of indigenous Australians. These people make only the three percent of the total population still social and economic indicators highlight the low life expectancy, education, high healthcare gap, and suicide rate among them. Besides social and economic issues, thousands of protestors want the government to change the national holidays. They believe that Australia day must be on 26 January as invasion day. Reports indicating that the government had made so many promises to minimize the gap by providing education, and healthcare ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION citationID4Aqk5PY9,propertiesformattedCitation(uc0u8220Australia failing to improve Aboriginal lives,uc0u8221 n.d.),plainCitation(Australia failing to improve Aboriginal lives, n.d.),noteIndex0,citationItemsid680,urishttp//zotero.org/users/local/rVaVAHaF/items/CLEX2IQA,urihttp//zotero.org/users/local/rVaVAHaF/items/CLEX2IQA,itemDataid680,typewebpage,titleAustralia failing to improve Aboriginal lives,abstractReport finds Australia missing key targets to improve life for its indigenous people, including raising life expectancy.,URLhttps//www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/02/australia-failing-improve-aboriginal-lives-170214170102126.html,accesseddate-parts2019,5,27,schemahttps//github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json (Australia failing to improve Aboriginal lives, n.d.). However, it can be observed that the government is failed to complete its goal and indigenous people are still waiting for equal opportunities.
Personal reflection
The history, as well as contemporary situations of Australia, are indicating that indigenous people are suffering since the European settlement established. European established their settlement ignoring the civil rights of the native people. They were forced to live on their dictatorship. The worse that happened during the colonization was the generation stolen. Families lost their children and children were raised in white settlement for personal benefits of European. Even today, the second stolen generation is living with white people. It is more than decades that different movements, laws, and policies are developing to improve the standard of life of indigenous people. However, minor improvement has been recorded. The economic and social conditions of the indigenous Australians indicate that the injustice happened hundreds of years ago still have an impact on the present generation of these people.
There is a huge gap between the Australians and indigenous Australians where the population of indigenous is just 3 of the total population. This is the big question for the contemporary government that why it is so difficult to improve the living standard of a small proportion of the population. The gap is increasing instead of decreasing in terms of life expectancy, suicide rate, and unemployment. Government has to do more and should develop policies which result in rapid changes. The economic and social condition of indigenous people want much more attention and implementations. The living standard of these people is beneficial for the overall social and economic situation of the nation. In other words, the progress of the nation lies in the equality of the Australian population and indigenous people are waiting for this equality.
References
ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL uncited,omitted,custom CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Australia failing to improve Aboriginal lives WWW Document, n.d. URL https//www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/02/australia-failing-improve-aboriginal-lives-170214170102126.html (accessed 5.27.19).
Davey, M., 2017. Closing the Gap report shows life expectancy and child mortality targets are not being met. The Guardian.
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