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The Name Of The Neurotoxin Chosen From The List

The Name Of The Neurotoxin Chosen From The List

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Last, First Name BIO 309,

Spring 2019

Project # 6 Neurotoxin

-123825264795000Apamin

General Information

Apamin is a natural decapeptide of 18 amino acids collected from western honey bee venom (Apis mellifera).

Apamin is widely known for its ability to block the ion type of channel that facilitates the selective streaming of K+ channels out of the nerves.

Contains primarily alpha-helix and beta-turns

Its extracted from the other components through chromatography and gel filtration.

Honey Bee facts

The bee sting, which leads to infection with apamin has a burning pain with swelling and later leads to the area of bite turning red.

Apamin infection has a high possibility of leading to throat and tongue swelling. Some levels of difficulty in breathing may follow.

Specific effects.

Apamin blocks K+ channel through the allosteric mechanism when apamin binds away the channel pore resulting in a change in the channel shape, hence leading to a block.

Neuronal excitability is experienced due to the K+ channel blockade affecting the brain and the spinal cord. The neurotoxic effects recorded leads to convulsion in rats.

The K+ channel flow is selectively affected due to the permeability of the different membranes with smooth muscles being more vulnerable.

Facilitates the transition of the hyperpolarizing membrane into a calcium-dependent depolarization by blocking the K+ channel and allowing Ca2+ ions channel through the membrane.

There are peripheral dysfunctions of the nerves, especially in human beings.

References

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804239-7.00049-4

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/07/100709130831.htm

https://www.uniprot.org/citations/2013287

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3630120/

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