Specific Vs Nonspecific Defenses; Active And Passive Immunity, And Natural And Artificial Immunity

Types of Immune Responses

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Types of Immune Responses

Immunity is the term applied to the body's repertoire of microbes and infection resistant responses. It is a complicated system, so defence is divided into three components such as Specific vs. Nonspecific, Active vs. Passive and Natural vs. Artificial ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"upCHx0rx","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Elgert, 2009)","plainCitation":"(Elgert, 2009)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":37,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/9FPdQOCJ/items/S8QCXTY4"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/9FPdQOCJ/items/S8QCXTY4"],"itemData":{"id":37,"type":"book","title":"Immunology: Understanding The Immune System","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","number-of-pages":"740","source":"Google Books","abstract":"Blends biology, clinical science, genetics, and molecular biology of the immune system to provide a complete account of our knowledge of immunology New features include full-color artwork and design, over 50 new figures, and text that has been completely revised to reflect the very latest references Incorporates a variety of pedagogical aids to assist students in the learning process, including chapter outlines, objectives, and summaries, as well as a self-evaluation section","ISBN":"978-0-470-08157-0","note":"Google-Books-ID: gpNPZFGDPzgC","title-short":"Immunology","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Elgert","given":"Klaus D."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2009",9,8]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Elgert, 2009).

Nonspecific response: Such countermeasures operate against microbes and every foreign material. Instances involve physical barriers, like, nasal hair, mucus, cilia, and eyelashes. Chemical constraints are another form of protection that is not specific. Chemical obstacles involve low skin and stomach juice pH, proteolytic enzymes in tears, ear wax and vagina alkaline setting ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"Mjg7UxWY","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Elgert, 2009)","plainCitation":"(Elgert, 2009)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":37,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/9FPdQOCJ/items/S8QCXTY4"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/9FPdQOCJ/items/S8QCXTY4"],"itemData":{"id":37,"type":"book","title":"Immunology: Understanding The Immune System","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","number-of-pages":"740","source":"Google Books","abstract":"Blends biology, clinical science, genetics, and molecular biology of the immune system to provide a complete account of our knowledge of immunology New features include full-color artwork and design, over 50 new figures, and text that has been completely revised to reflect the very latest references Incorporates a variety of pedagogical aids to assist students in the learning process, including chapter outlines, objectives, and summaries, as well as a self-evaluation section","ISBN":"978-0-470-08157-0","note":"Google-Books-ID: gpNPZFGDPzgC","title-short":"Immunology","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Elgert","given":"Klaus D."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2009",9,8]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Elgert, 2009).

Specific response: The whole line of defence is effective against specific targets such as viruses, bacteria, prions, fungi, and mold. Typically, a particular defensive line which functions against one microorganism is not effective against the other. Resilience to chickenpox, from either interaction or vaccination, is an instance of specific immunity ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"ClH99K0F","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Elgert, 2009)","plainCitation":"(Elgert, 2009)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":37,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/9FPdQOCJ/items/S8QCXTY4"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/9FPdQOCJ/items/S8QCXTY4"],"itemData":{"id":37,"type":"book","title":"Immunology: Understanding The Immune System","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","number-of-pages":"740","source":"Google Books","abstract":"Blends biology, clinical science, genetics, and molecular biology of the immune system to provide a complete account of our knowledge of immunology New features include full-color artwork and design, over 50 new figures, and text that has been completely revised to reflect the very latest references Incorporates a variety of pedagogical aids to assist students in the learning process, including chapter outlines, objectives, and summaries, as well as a self-evaluation section","ISBN":"978-0-470-08157-0","note":"Google-Books-ID: gpNPZFGDPzgC","title-short":"Immunology","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Elgert","given":"Klaus D."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2009",9,8]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Elgert, 2009).

Active response: Active immune response is caused by antigen exposure. Surface patterns on the surface of the antigen behave as proteins that are antibody docking sites. Antibodies are protein entities that may reside alone or bind to the specific cell surface. The organism does not include a stockpile of antibodies on board to quickly take out a pathogen. The large group of antibodies is made via a process called clonal selection. An anaphylactic reaction seems to be an irrational response towards an allergen that is the result of active immunity ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"LtCYfMoD","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Elgert, 2009)","plainCitation":"(Elgert, 2009)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":37,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/9FPdQOCJ/items/S8QCXTY4"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/9FPdQOCJ/items/S8QCXTY4"],"itemData":{"id":37,"type":"book","title":"Immunology: Understanding The Immune System","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","number-of-pages":"740","source":"Google Books","abstract":"Blends biology, clinical science, genetics, and molecular biology of the immune system to provide a complete account of our knowledge of immunology New features include full-color artwork and design, over 50 new figures, and text that has been completely revised to reflect the very latest references Incorporates a variety of pedagogical aids to assist students in the learning process, including chapter outlines, objectives, and summaries, as well as a self-evaluation section","ISBN":"978-0-470-08157-0","note":"Google-Books-ID: gpNPZFGDPzgC","title-short":"Immunology","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Elgert","given":"Klaus D."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2009",9,8]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Elgert, 2009).

Passive response: Passive immune response does not allow antibodies to be created by the body. Antibodies are produced from outside of the body. Such an instance of passive immunity is the defense of a baby towards certain diseases by obtaining colostrum or breast milk antibodies. An instance of passive protection is an antisera infusion, and this is an antibody particle suspension ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"biHkf6QO","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Elgert, 2009)","plainCitation":"(Elgert, 2009)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":37,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/local/9FPdQOCJ/items/S8QCXTY4"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/local/9FPdQOCJ/items/S8QCXTY4"],"itemData":{"id":37,"type":"book","title":"Immunology: Understanding The Immune System","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","number-of-pages":"740","source":"Google Books","abstract":"Blends biology, clinical science, genetics, and molecular biology of the immune system to provide a complete account of our knowledge of immunology New features include full-color artwork and design, over 50 new figures, and text that has been completely revised to reflect the very latest references Incorporates a variety of pedagogical aids to assist students in the learning process, including chapter outlines, objectives, and summaries, as well as a self-evaluation section","ISBN":"978-0-470-08157-0","note":"Google-Books-ID: gpNPZFGDPzgC","title-short":"Immunology","language":"en","author":[{"family":"Elgert","given":"Klaus D."}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2009",9,8]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} (Elgert, 2009)

References

ADDIN ZOTERO_BIBL {"uncited":[],"omitted":[],"custom":[]} CSL_BIBLIOGRAPHY Elgert, K. D. (2009). Immunology: Understanding The Immune System. John Wiley & Sons.